Position of Shear Plane at the Clay-Water Interface: Strong Polarization Effects of Counterions

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinmin Liu ◽  
Wuquan Ding ◽  
Rui Tian ◽  
Wei Du ◽  
Hang Li
Keyword(s):  
Shear Plane ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Strong Polarization

Measurements of the Spectral and Directional Emission From Microgrooved Silicon Surfaces

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 680-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hesketh ◽  
B. Gebhart ◽  
J. N. Zemel
Keyword(s):  
Sample Surface ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Repeat Distance ◽  
Radiation Emission ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Directional Emission ◽  
Organ Pipe ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Doped

This paper reports measurements of both the spectral and specular thermal radiation emission characteristics of very regularly microconfigured grooved surfaces in a silicon substrate at 300 and 400°C. The resulting surfaces were phosphorus-doped, to assure the dominance of the emission from the material near the sample surface. The samples had groove depths H of zero for a reference, to 42 μm, and widths L = 12.6 to 14 μm. The geometry repeat distance was 22 μm, or 455 grooves per cm. The grooves correspond directly in size to the band of principle emission wavelengths λ that arises at these temperature levels. The measurements show strong spectral effects for normal emission, including highly favored frequencies, for H > λ. This suggests a cavity “organ pipe” mode of emission. Similar, though modified, effects were found in directional emission, away from the normal. There also were strong polarization effects, with the cross-groove polarization mode dominant. The spectral and specular measurements are compared with calculations of the classical kind, which tacitly assume that λ < < H = 0(L).

scholarly journals Optical Properties of Planar Chiral Meta-Materials

2002 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Potts ◽  
A. Papakostas ◽  
N.I. Zheludev ◽  
H.J. Coles ◽  
R. Greef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Chiral Media ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Chiral Structures

AbstractThe polarization state of visible light is found to be altered upon reflection from artificial two-dimensional chiral media. Arrays of metallic planar chiral structures were fabricated by electron beam lithography and ion beam milling. The characteristic dimensions on the chiral elements correspond to wavelengths in the near-IR. Our chiral media are found to induce strong polarization effects, with the handedness of individual elements having a direct effect on the sense and magnitude of rotation of the diffracted light.

scholarly journals Methylguanidinium at the Air/Water Interface: A Simulation Study with the Drude Polarizable Force Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Jing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Polarizable Force Field ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Arginine Side Chain ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

<div>Methylguanidinium is an important molecular ion which also serves as the model compound for arginine side chain. We studied the structure and dynamics of methylguanidium ion at the air/water interface by molecular dynamics simulations employing the Drude polarizable force field. We found out that methylguanidinium accumulate on the interface with a majority adopting tilted conformations. We also demonstrated that methylguanidinium and guanidinium ions have different preference towards the air/water interface. Our results illustrate the importance to explicitly include the electronic polarization effects in modeling interfacial properties.</div><div><br> </div>

scholarly journals Laboratory Measurements of the Resistivity of Ice

1967 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Østrem
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Plane Parallel ◽  
Glacier Ice

An attempt has been made to measure the D.C. resistivity of ice directly by placing plane–parallel samples between two electrodes with guard rings. Very strong polarization effects were observed which were most pronounced in ice from an ice–cored moraine, lesser in glacier ice, and the least in artificially frozen ice.

Strong polarization effects in photothermal common-path interferometry

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (13) ◽  
pp. 3880 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fieberg ◽  
B. Sturman ◽  
F. Kühnemann ◽  
K. Buse
Keyword(s):  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Common Path ◽  
Strong Polarization

scholarly journals Methylguanidinium at the Air/Water Interface: A Simulation Study with the Drude Polarizable Force Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Jing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Polarizable Force Field ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Arginine Side Chain ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

<div>Methylguanidinium is an important molecular ion which also serves as the model compound for arginine side chain. We studied the structure and dynamics of methylguanidium ion at the air/water interface by molecular dynamics simulations employing the Drude polarizable force field. We found out that methylguanidinium accumulate on the interface with a majority adopting tilted conformations. We also demonstrated that methylguanidinium and guanidinium ions have different preference towards the air/water interface. Our results illustrate the importance to explicitly include the electronic polarization effects in modeling interfacial properties.</div><div><br> </div>

scholarly journals Methylguanidinium at the Air/Water Interface: A Simulation Study with the Drude Polarizable Force Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Jing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Polarizable Force Field ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Arginine Side Chain ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

<div>Methylguanidinium is an important molecular ion which also serves as the model compound for arginine side chain. We studied the structure and dynamics of methylguanidium ion at the air/water interface by molecular dynamics simulations employing the Drude polarizable force field. We found out that methylguanidinium accumulate on the interface with a majority adopting tilted conformations. We also demonstrated that methylguanidinium and guanidinium ions have different preference towards the air/water interface. Our results illustrate the importance to explicitly include the electronic polarization effects in modeling interfacial properties.</div><div><br> </div>

GaN based quantum dot heterostructures

2000 ◽  
Vol 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Reshchikov ◽  
J. Cui ◽  
F. Yun ◽  
A. Baski ◽  
M. I. Nathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Mechanical Interaction ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Vertical Coupling ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Afm Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Growth ◽  
Dot Density

ABSTRACTGaN dots have been grown on c-plane sapphire and (111) Si substrates by reactive molecular beam epitaxy. A new method involving two-dimensional growth followed by a controlled annealing during which dots are formed was employed. Due the dot nature and large dot density, relatively high luminescence efficiencies were obtained on both substrates. Single layer dots were used for AFM analysis whereas 30 layer dots were used for photoluminescence experiments. AlN barrier layers, some too thick for mechanical interaction, some thin enough for vertical coupling were used. Strong polarization effects lead to a sizeable red shift, which depends on the size of the dots.

scholarly journals Laboratory Measurements of the Resistivity of Ice

1967 ◽  
Vol 6 (47) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Østrem
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Strong Polarization ◽  
Plane Parallel ◽  
Glacier Ice

An attempt has been made to measure the D.C. resistivity of ice directly by placing plane–parallel samples between two electrodes with guard rings. Very strong polarization effects were observed which were most pronounced in ice from an ice–cored moraine, lesser in glacier ice, and the least in artificially frozen ice.

Sampling and analysis of the air-water interface with SEM and EDS of microlayers

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
Randall W. Smith ◽  
John Dash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Bulk Chemical

The structure of the air-water interface forms a boundary layer that involves biological ,chemical geological and physical processes in its formation. Freshwater and sea surface microlayers form at the air-water interface and include a diverse assemblage of organic matter, detritus, microorganisms, plankton and heavy metals. The sampling of microlayers and the examination of components is presently a significant area of study because of the input of anthropogenic materials and their accumulation at the air-water interface. The neustonic organisms present in this environment may be sensitive to the toxic components of these inputs. Hardy reports that over 20 different methods have been developed for sampling of microlayers, primarily for bulk chemical analysis. We report here the examination of microlayer films for the documentation of structure and composition.Baier and Gucinski reported the use of Langmuir-Blogett films obtained on germanium prisms for infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR-ATR) of components. The sampling of microlayers has been done by collecting fi1ms on glass plates and teflon drums, We found that microlayers could be collected on 11 mm glass cover slips by pulling a Langmuir-Blogett film from a surface microlayer. Comparative collections were made on methylcel1ulose filter pads. The films could be air-dried or preserved in Lugol's Iodine Several slicks or surface films were sampled in September, 1987 in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland and in August, 1988 in Sequim Bay, Washington, For glass coverslips the films were air-dried, mounted on SEM pegs, ringed with colloidal silver, and sputter coated with Au-Pd, The Langmuir-Blogett film technique maintained the structure of the microlayer intact for examination, SEM observation and EDS analysis were then used to determine organisms and relative concentrations of heavy metals, using a Link AN 10000 EDS system with an ISI SS40 SEM unit. Typical heavy microlayer films are shown in Figure 3.

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