The Influence of Vegetation Type on the Dominant Soil Bacteria, Archaea, and Fungi in a Low Arctic Tundra Landscape

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1756-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Chu ◽  
Josh D. Neufeld ◽  
Virginia K. Walker ◽  
Paul Grogan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Low Arctic

Dominant soil bacteria and their ecological attributes across the deserts in northern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Feng ◽  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Ru Yan ◽  
Zongrui Lai ◽  
Shugao Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Dominant Soil

Soil microbial and plant community responses to single large carbon and nitrogen additions in low arctic tundra

2010 ◽  
Vol 334 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Churchland ◽  
Liesha Mayo-Bruinsma ◽  
Alison Ronson ◽  
Paul Grogan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Community Responses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Low Arctic ◽  
Nitrogen Additions

scholarly journals Globally Abundant “Candidatus Udaeobacter” Benefits from Release of Antibiotics in Soil and Potentially Performs Trace Gas Scavenging

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inka M. Willms ◽  
Anina Y. Rudolph ◽  
Isabell Göschel ◽  
Simon H. Bolz ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Soil Ecosystems ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Verrucomicrobia affiliated with “Candidatus Udaeobacter” belong to the most abundant soil bacteria worldwide. Although the synthesis of antibiotics presumably evolved in soil, and environmental pollution with antimicrobials increases, the impact of these complex molecules on “Ca. Udaeobacter” remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives residing in grassland as well as forest soil ecosystems show multidrug resistance and even take advantage of antibiotics release. Soils treated with up to six different antibiotics exhibited a higher “Ca. Udaeobacter” abundance than corresponding controls after 3, 8, and 20 days of incubation. In this context, we provide evidence that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives may utilize nutrients which are released due to antibiotic-driven lysis of other soil microbes and thereby reduce energetically expensive synthesis of required biomolecules. Moreover, genomic analysis revealed the presence of genes conferring resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics and indicated that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives most likely oxidize the trace gas H2 to generate energy. This energy might be required for long-term persistence in terrestrial habitats, as already suggested for other dominant soil bacteria. Our study illustrates, for the first time, that globally abundant “Ca. Udaeobacter” benefits from release of antibiotics, which confers advantages over other soil bacteria and represents a so-far overlooked fundamental lifestyle feature of this poorly characterized verrucomicrobial genus. Furthermore, our study suggests that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives can utilize H2 as an alternative electron donor. IMPORTANCE Soil bacteria have been investigated for more than a century, but one of the most dominant terrestrial groups on Earth, “Candidatus Udaeobacter,” remains elusive and largely unexplored. Its natural habitat is considered a major reservoir of antibiotics, which directly or indirectly impact phylogenetically diverse microorganisms. Here, we found that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives exhibit multidrug resistance and not only evade harmful effects of antimicrobials but even benefit from antibiotic pressure in soil. Therefore, “Ca. Udaeobacter” evidently affects the composition of soil resistomes worldwide and might represent a winner of rising environmental pollution with antimicrobials. In addition, our study indicates that “Ca. Udaeobacter” representatives utilize H2 and thereby contribute to global hydrogen cycling. The here-reported findings provide insights into elementary lifestyle features of “Ca. Udaeobacter,” potentially contributing to its successful global dissemination.

scholarly journals The current state of CO2 flux chamber studies in the Arctic tundra

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Virkkala ◽  
Tarmo Virtanen ◽  
Aleksi Lehtonen ◽  
Janne Rinne ◽  
Miska Luoto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Flux Chamber

The Arctic tundra plays an important role in the carbon cycle as it stores 50% of global soil organic carbon reservoirs. The processes (fluxes) regulating these stocks are predicted to change due to direct and indirect effects of climate change. Understanding the current and future carbon balance calls for a summary of the level of knowledge regarding chamber-derived carbon dioxide (CO2) flux studies. Here, we describe progress from recently (2000–2016) published studies of growing-season CO2 flux chamber measurements, namely GPP (gross primary production), ER (ecosystem respiration), and NEE (net ecosystem exchange), in the tundra region. We review the study areas and designs along with the explanatory environmental drivers used. Most of the studies were conducted in Alaska and Fennoscandia, and we stress the need for measuring fluxes in other tundra regions, particularly in more extreme climatic, productivity, and soil conditions. Soil respiration and other greenhouse gas measurements were seldom included in the studies. Although most of the environmental drivers of CO2 fluxes have been relatively well investigated (such as the effect of vegetation type and soil microclimate on fluxes), soil nutrients, other greenhouse gases and disturbance regimes require more research as they might define the future carbon balance. Particular attention should be paid to the effects of shrubification, geomorphology, and other disturbance effects such as fire events, and disease and herbivore outbreaks. An improved conceptual framework and understanding of underlying processes of biosphere–atmosphere CO2 exchange will provide more information on carbon cycling in the tundra.

scholarly journals Monitoring pigment-driven vegetation changes in a low-Arctic tundra ecosystem using digital cameras

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e02123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison L. Beamish ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
Txomin Hermosilla ◽  
Sabine Chabrillat ◽  
Birgit Heim
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Tundra Ecosystem ◽  
Low Arctic

Floras of middle and upper pleistocene age from Brandon, Warwickshire

1968 ◽  
Vol 254 (796) ◽  
pp. 401-415 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Climax Species ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
General Similarity ◽  
Low Arctic

Part I This flora is interpreted as representing a vegetation of meadow birch woodland influenced by local edaphic conditions of a base rich sandy alluvial environment. It includes important aquatic associations and pioneer associations on sand substrates of different moisture contents. A thermophilous component indicating July mean temperature up to 15 °C is anomalous for this general vegetation type today and suggests that the vegetation was also influenced by the factor of delayed immigration of climax species. It is believed that this is due to the floras existence during an early interstadial of the Saalian, following the refrigeration which brought the Holstein to a close. Part II No pollen was obtained, but the plant macrofossils indicate a flora typical of the alluvial environment suggested by the sedimentary context. The vegetation was treeless and was sub-Arctic or even low-Arctic, though the occurrence of Groenlandia densa is anomalous. This plant occurs, however, at other mid-Weichselian sites, to which the Brandon flora shows general similarity.

scholarly journals A Phenological Approach to Spectral Differentiation of Low-Arctic Tundra Vegetation Communities, North Slope, Alaska

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Beamish ◽  
Nicholas Coops ◽  
Sabine Chabrillat ◽  
Birgit Heim
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
North Slope ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Low Arctic

scholarly journals Diversity of dominant soil bacteria increases with warming velocity at the global scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Kanzaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Takemoto
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Soil Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Dominant Soil ◽  
Global Soil ◽  
Soil Bacterial

AbstractUnderstanding global soil bacterial diversity is important because of the key roles soil bacteria play in the global ecosystem. Given the effects of environmental changes (e.g., climate change and human effect) on the diversity of animals and plants, effects on soil bacterial diversity are expected; however, they have been poorly evaluated to date. Thus, in this study, we focused on the soil dominant bacteria because of their global importance and investigated the effects of warming velocity and human activities on their diversity. Using a global dataset of bacteria, we performed spatial analysis to evaluate the effects, while statistically controlling for the potential confounding effects of current climate and geographic parameters with global climate and geographic data. It was demonstrated that the diversity of the dominant soil bacteria was influenced globally by warming velocity (showing significant increases) in addition to aridity index (dryness) and pH. The effects of warming velocity were particularly significant in forests and grasslands. An effect from human activity was also observed, but it was secondary to warming velocity. These findings provide robust evidence, and advance our understanding of the effects of environmental changes (particularly global warming) on soil bacterial diversity at the global scale.

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