In Situ DRIFT Characterization of Organic Matter Composition on Soil Structural Surfaces

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth H. Ellerbrock ◽  
Horst H. Gerke ◽  
Christian Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
In Situ Drift

In Situ DRIFT Characterization of Organic Matter Composition on Soil Structural Surfaces

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1439-1439
Author(s):  
Ruth H. Ellerbrock ◽  
Horst H. Gerke ◽  
Christian Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
In Situ Drift

scholarly journals Bacteria, guano and soot: Source assessment of organic matter preserved in black laminae in stalagmites from caves of the Sierra de Atapuerca (N Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
Joeri Kaal ◽  
Virginia Martínez-Pillado ◽  
Antonio Martínez Cortizas ◽  
Jorge Sanjurjo Sánchez ◽  
Arantza Aranburu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Karst System ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Human Fossil ◽  
Soot Deposition

Speleothems are a recognized source of paleoclimatic information, but their value as a source of signals from human activities in caves with an archaeological record has rarely been explored. Previous studies of speleothems in the Sierra de Atapuerca karst system (Burgos, northern Spain) revealed an important human fossil record, provided information about human activities in and around these caves, and the impacts on their natural environment. The present study reports the results of molecular characterization of dark-colored laminae from the stalagmites Ilargi (Galería de las Estatuas) and GS1, GS2, and GS3 (Galería del Silo), by pyrolysis-GC-MS (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS). The features of the organic matter demonstrate the presence of (1) a dominant aliphatic fraction probably from in situ bacterial and ex situ plant-derived lipids, (2) black carbon (from soot and/or charcoal), (3) polysaccharides and N-rich moieties (probably from bat guano and microbial sources), and (4) a signal of terpenoid derivatives that may originate from the overlying limestone (kerogen) and extant gymnosperm resin (soils) or cyanobacteria (cave). Some plant-derived lignin may be present as well but was not identified unambiguously. It is concluded that this approach allows identifying multiple general sources of organic matter which can help understand speleothem formation processes, and evidence of soot deposition could be clearly linked to human activities.

Characterization of in situ organic matter constituents in vertisols from Argentina, using submicroscopic and cytochemical methods — first report

Geoderma ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stephan ◽  
J. Berrier ◽  
A.A. De Petre ◽  
C. Jeanson ◽  
M.J. Kooistra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
First Report

Characterization of dissolved organic matter in anoxic rock extracts and in situ pore water of the Opalinus Clay

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2926-2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Courdouan ◽  
Iso Christl ◽  
Sébastien Meylan ◽  
Paul Wersin ◽  
Ruben Kretzschmar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Opalinus Clay

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

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