Molecular-Scale Characterization of Hot-Water-Extractable Organic Matter in Organic Horizons of a Forest Soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 812-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Balaria ◽  
Chris E. Johnson ◽  
Zhihong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
Scale Characterization ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Water Extractable

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of water extractable organic matter from plants: A better understanding of soil dissolved organic matter sources and path in permafrost thawing regions 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alienor Allain ◽  
Marie Anne Alexis ◽  
Yannick Agnan ◽  
Guillaume Humbert ◽  
Edith Parlanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Permafrost Thawing ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Water Extractable

<p>In present permafrost thawing context, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key component that controls organic and inorganic material transfer from soil to hydrographic systems. In terrestrial environments, vegetation is the main source of DOM, before degradation by microorganisms. DOM stoichiometry, aromaticity, composition or quantity control its fate, and referential data characterizing the initial DOM originating from plant biomass leaching are scarce.</p><p>To better understand its dynamic, this study focuses on the characterization of water extractable organic matter (“WEOM”: a proxy of DOM) of main plant species belonging to different plant functional types typical of the subarctic region (lichen, willow, birch, and <em>Eriophorum</em>).</p><p>Dissolved organic carbon (C) and dissolved nitrogen (N) contents of WEOM samples were measured, as well as organic C and total N contents of ground plant leaf samples (“bulk” samples). C/N ratio of bulk samples and WEOM fractions were compared to evaluate the potential extractability of C and N. The composition of both WEOM and bulk samples were characterized through solid state <sup>13</sup>C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and compared. Absorbance and 3D fluorescence measurements were also performed on WEOM samples to characterize their optical properties.</p><p>WEOM is significantly more extractable in vascular plants compared to non-vascular ones. Moreover, N is more extractable than C in all lichen species and <em>Eriophorum</em>, whereas C is as extractable as N in <em>Salix </em>and <em>Betula pubescens</em> samples.<em> Betula nana</em> is the only species with C more extractable than N.</p><p>The solid state <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra of bulk sample are very similar to the spectra of corresponding WEOM, except for <em>Eriophorum</em>. For this species, carbonyl C contributes to 5% of bulk sample spectrum, compared to 14% of the WEOM spectrum.</p><p>Based on absorbance measurements, optical index were calculated: E2/E3 is significantly higher for non-vascular plants, whereas E2/E4, E3/E4 and slope ratio (S<sub>R</sub>) do not show significant difference between plant functional types. In 3D fluorescence spectra, the contribution of “Protein-like” peak is lower for vascular plants compared to lichens, and is maximum for <em>Eriophorum</em>.</p><p>Our results highlighted the influence of plant species on the quantity and quality of produced DOM: WEOM production process is different between vegetation species due to the quality, especially hydrophobicity and extractability of bulk OM components. The high contribution of C-N bonds in WEOM of <em>Eriophorum </em>might be especially important for potential complexation between DOM and trace elements like cadmium (Nigam et al., 2000). Likewise, aromatic C observed only in vascular plant WEOM samples are known to bond have a good affinity with many elements like iron, vanadium and chromium (Gangloff et al., 2014). Under climate change, vegetation cover of the Arctic region is evolving with the moving of the treeline northward and a local increase of the proportion of shrubs (Berner et al., 2013). Accordingly, significant change of DOM composition are expected with potential influence on organic and inorganic material dynamics.</p><p>Berner et al., (2013). Glob. Chang. Biol. 19:3449-3462</p><p>Gangloff et al., (2014). Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac. 130:21-41  </p><p>Nigam et al., (2000). Chem. Speciation Bioavailability 12:125-132</p>

scholarly journals Effects of calcium treatment on forest floor organic matter composition along an elevation gradient

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Balaria ◽  
Chris E. Johnson ◽  
Peter M. Groffman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Water Extractable

Calcium amendment is a restorative option for nutrient-depleted, acidic soils in the forests of the northeastern United States. We studied the effects of watershed-scale wollastonite (CaSiO3) application on the structural composition of soil organic matter (SOM) and hot-water-extractable organic matter (HWEOM) at the Hubbard Brook Experiment Forest in New Hampshire 7–9 years after treatment, along an elevation gradient. Soils in the high-elevation spruce–fir–birch (SFB) zone contained significantly greater amounts of HWEOM compared with lower elevation hardwood soils, likely due to differences in litter quality and slower decomposition rates in colder soils at higher elevation. The only significant difference in hot-water-extractable organic carbon concentration between reference and calcium-treated watersheds was in Oie horizons of the SFB zone, which also exhibited the greatest degree of soil chemical change after treatment. The 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra showed no significant patterns in O-alkyl C abundance for either soil or HWEOM along the elevation gradient, suggesting that there were no elevation-related patterns in carbohydrate concentration. The general absence of long-term effects in this study suggests that effects of Ca amendment at this dosage on the composition of SOM were small or short-lived.

Characterization of water extractable organic matter in a deep soil profile

Chemosphere ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1583-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddalena Corvasce ◽  
Adam Zsolnay ◽  
Valeria D’Orazio ◽  
Raffaele Lopez ◽  
Teodoro M. Miano
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Water Extractable

Spectroscopic characterization of water extractable organic matter during composting of municipal solid waste

Chemosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong He ◽  
Beidou Xi ◽  
Zimin Wei ◽  
Xujing Guo ◽  
Mingxiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Extractable Organic Matter ◽  
Water Extractable
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