scholarly journals Experimental Acidification Causes Soil Base-Cation Depletion at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1909-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan J. Fernandez ◽  
Lindsey E. Rustad ◽  
Stephen A. Norton ◽  
Jeffrey S. Kahl ◽  
Bernard J. Cosby
Keyword(s):  
Base Cation ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Experimental Acidification ◽  
Base Cation Depletion

Present-day expansion of American beech in northeastern hardwood forests: Does soil base status matter?

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2273-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Duchesne ◽  
Rock Ouimet
Keyword(s):  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Hardwood Forests ◽  
Fagus Grandifolia ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Large Area ◽  
American Beech ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots

Recently, sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) decline in northeastern North America has been regarded as a major factor structuring hardwood forests by favouring American beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) in the understory of maple-dominated stands. To determine whether soil fertility differences associated with sugar maple decline may have promoted the expansion of American beech, we explored the relationships between the soil base status and the sapling and tree strata density and composition, using data from 426 permanent sample plots distributed throughout Quebec. Our results indicate that American beech is currently expanding in the sugar maple range of Quebec. The abundance and proportion of American beech in the sapling stratum are mainly associated with the proportion of American beech in the tree stratum, the relative basal area of dead sugar maple trees, and the base status of soils. In accordance with the many studies reporting on the high sensitivity of sugar maple to the acid–base status of soils and the decline of the sugar maple population, this study supports the hypothesis that soil base cation depletion, caused in part by atmospheric acid deposition, is among the main factors involved in the present-day expansion of American beech over a large area in Quebec.

scholarly journals Modelling and mapping critical loads and exceedances for the Georgia Basin, British Columbia, using a zero base-cation depletion criterion

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (1s) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina NASR ◽  
Mark CASTONGUAY ◽  
Jae OGILVIE ◽  
Beverley A. RAYMOND† ◽  
Paul A. ARP
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Georgia Basin ◽  
Base Cation Depletion

Assessing forest soil base cation status and availability using lake and stream sediment geochemistry: A case study in Quebec (Canada)

Geoderma ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 211-212 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne Thiffault ◽  
David Paré ◽  
Luc Guindon ◽  
André Beaudoin ◽  
Suzanne Brais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Stream Sediment ◽  
Sediment Geochemistry ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Cation Status

Base Cation Depletion and Potential Long-Term Acidification of Norwegian Catchments

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1953-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Kirchner ◽  
Espen. Lydersen
Keyword(s):  
Base Cation ◽  
Base Cation Depletion

scholarly journals Soil properties determine the elevational patterns of base cations and micronutrients in the plant–soil system up to the upper limits of trees and shrubs

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1763-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruzhen Wang ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Artemi Cerdà ◽  
Jinfei Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract. To understand whether base cations and micronutrients in the plant–soil system change with elevation, we investigated the patterns of base cations and micronutrients in both soils and plant tissues along three elevational gradients in three climate zones in China. Base cations (Ca, Mg, and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, and Zn) were determined in soils, trees, and shrubs growing at lower and middle elevations as well as at their upper limits on Balang (subtropical, SW China), Qilian (dry temperate, NW China), and Changbai (wet temperate, NE China) mountains. No consistent elevational patterns were found for base cation and micronutrient concentrations in both soils and plant tissues (leaves, roots, shoots, and stem sapwood). Soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total soil nitrogen (TN), the SOC to TN ratio (C : N), and soil extractable nitrogen (NO3− and NH4+) determined the elevational patterns of soil exchangeable Ca and Mg and available Fe, Mn, and Zn. However, the controlling role of soil pH and SOC was not universal as revealed by their weak correlations with soil base cations under tree canopies at the wet temperate mountain and with micronutrients under both tree and shrub canopies at the dry temperate mountain. In most cases, soil base cation and micronutrient availabilities played fundamental roles in determining the base cation and micronutrient concentrations in plant tissues. An exception existed for the decoupling of leaf K and Fe with their availabilities in the soil. Our results highlight the importance of soil physicochemical properties (mainly SOC, C : N, and pH) rather than elevation (i.e., canopy cover and environmental factors, especially temperature), in determining base cation and micronutrient availabilities in soils and subsequently their concentrations in plant tissues.

Reply to comment by Messier et al. on “Present-day expansion of American beech in northeastern hardwood forests: Does soil base status matter?”Appears in Can. J. For. Res. 39: 2273–2282 (2009).

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Duchesne ◽  
Rock Ouimet
Keyword(s):  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Large Body ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Fagus Grandifolia ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
American Beech ◽  
The One

We respond to the comment by Messier et al. (2011. Can. J. For. Res. 41: 649–653) on our recent paper questioning the possible influence of the base status of soils in the present-day expansion of American beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) in Quebec (2009. Can. J. For. Res. 39: 2273–2282). From our observations, as well as from a large body of scientific evidence reporting on the high sensitivity of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) to the acid–base status of soils, we hypothesized that soil base cation depletion, caused in part by atmospheric deposition, is among the main factors involved in the present-day expansion of American beech over large areas in Quebec. Clearly, we suggested in our paper that acid deposition might act with other factors to explain the expansion of American beech. In this context, our conclusions are far from any oversimplified explanation, as stated by Messier et al., but rather, they point out a level of complexity above the one currently discussed.

Do critical load models adequately protect forests? A case study in south-central Ontario

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1544-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun A Watmough ◽  
Peter J Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Bulk Deposition ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
South Central

We calculated critical loads of acidity (S and S + N separately) for seven forested catchments in south-central Ontario, using a critical threshold designed to maintain the Ca/Al molar ratio above 1.0 or the base cation (BC; Ca + Mg + K) to Al molar ratio above 10 in soil solution. Critical loads are ~10–50% lower using the BC/Al ratio compared with the Ca/Al ratio, and harvesting greatly increases forest sensitivity to acid deposition. If forests are harvested, critical load calculations indicate that further reductions in S and N bulk deposition are required to maintain the BC/Al ratio in soil solution above 10, but reductions in S deposition are only mandatory for three of the seven catchments. However, S export exceeds inputs in bulk deposition by 40–100%. Our study indicates that setting the critical threshold of BC/Al at 10 may not maintain soil base saturation above 20%, and that N export is unpredictable at current deposition levels. We calculate that SO4 leaching (and therefore deposition) must be reduced by between 10 and 74% to maintain healthy, productive forests in catchments that are harvested. More reliable estimates of base cation removals during harvest, minimum Ca leaching losses from soils that can occur without affecting forest productivity, and critical limits for soil base saturation are needed to improve these critical load estimates.

Long-term tobacco plantation induces soil acidification and soil base cation loss

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 5442-5450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
Xinhua He ◽  
Hong Liang ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Yueqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Soil Base
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