Use of Introduced Germplasm in Cool-Season Food Legume Cultivar Development

2015 ◽  
pp. 49-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Muehlbauer
Keyword(s):  
Cool Season ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Food Legume

The potential of gene technology and genome analysis for cool season food legume crops: theory and practice

Euphytica ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kahl ◽  
D. Kaemmer ◽  
K. Weising ◽  
S. Kost ◽  
F. Weigand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Gene Technology ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Food Legume ◽  
Legume Crops

Potential for wild species in cool season food legume breeding

Euphytica ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Muehlbauer ◽  
W. J. Kaiser ◽  
C. J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Food Legume ◽  
Legume Breeding

A method to differentiate summer-dormant from summer-active tall fescue and orchardgrass accessions at germination stage

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz P. Malinowski ◽  
David P. Belesky ◽  
Betty A. Kramp ◽  
Joyce Ruckle ◽  
Jaime Kigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Summer Dormancy ◽  
Mediterranean Origin ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Summer-dormant, cool-season perennial grasses are being used in place of traditional, summer-active cultivars for high-quality winter forage. One reason for this change is the ability of cultivars with summer-dormant attributes to tolerate increasing annual temperature, decreasing precipitation, and repeated severe summer droughts. The mechanism of summer dormancy is still not understood in detail. Cultivar development for summer dormancy typically is conducted under field conditions in environments where summer-active types do not survive summer weather conditions. We developed a method based on germination responses to photoperiod to differentiate summer-dormant from summer-active types of tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S. J. Darbyshire] and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Seed of cultivars with known summer dormancy characteristics was germinated at a constant temperature of 24°C under a range of photoperiods (0–24 h) for 14 days. Total germination, modelled cumulative germination, instantaneous rate of germination, and relative germination (to that in the dark) were analysed. Germination of summer-dormant orchardgrass was similar in the dark and short photoperiods (4–12 h), but it was inhibited by a photoperiod longer than 12 h. Germination of summer-active orchardgrass was promoted by any photoperiod compared with the control (0 h). Short photoperiods (4–12 h) promoted germination of summer-dormant tall fescue, while long photoperiods (>12 h) inhibited germination compared with germination in the dark. Summer-active types of tall fescue did not respond to photoperiod, regardless of length. A validation test using two Mediterranean origin cultivars of orchardgrass with contrasting summer dormancy characteristics and experimental lines of Mediterranean origin tall fescue with known expression of summer dormancy characteristics supported the use of seed germination analysis to differentiate among lines for this trait.

Characteristics of greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus) populations grown under low latitude conditions in eastern Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Ayres ◽  
W. M. Kelman ◽  
B. E. McCorkell ◽  
L. A. Lane
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Lotus Uliginosus

A study undertaken in northern New South Wales characterised and assessed a collection of 10 greater lotus (Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr) cultivars and breeding lines, comprising diploid and tetraploid populations with a range of Mediterranean parentage. Vegetative characteristics and seasonal herbage growth were measured under glasshouse conditions and reproductive characterisation was undertaken in the field. Results show a high degree of variability between the lines in leaf and stem characteristics, and narrow but useful diversity in seed yield components. The diploid populations, Sharnae, LUX97 and BLG4704, which have high levels of Mediterranean parentage, expressed high year-round growth performance, and Sharnae was exceptionally high in cool-season growth. These lines set more seed than the cultivars Grasslands Maku and Grasslands Sunrise under the low latitude conditions tested. These findings indicate a potential for cultivar development to expand greater lotus usage into low latitude environments.

scholarly journals Development and Use of Core Subsets of Cool-season Food Legume Germplasm Collections

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 907C-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Simon ◽  
Richard M. Hannan
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Germplasm Evaluation ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Logarithmic Model ◽  
Adaptation Potential ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Food Legume

Core subsets have been selected for the USDA chickpea (Cicer arietinum), lentil (Lens culinaris), and pea (Pisum sativum) germplasm collections. These subsets are specifically intended to increase the efficiency of the utilization of the entire collections of these taxa. The cores consist of 13% of the 3873 chickpeas, 12% of the 2390 lentils, and 17.5% of the 2886 pea accessions. They were selected by a proportional logarithmic model, and also contain additional accessions based upon documented concentrations of diversity. Each core has been screened for disease reactions, and results suggest that the cores can effectively direct germplasm users toward portions of the entire collections that contain resistant germplasm. These cores have also been useful for those interested in assessing the adaptation potential of these crops in new environments, because the entire range of adaptation is represented. Although cores may not always enhance access to germplasm with unique or extremely rare characteristics, the legume cores have been very useful for directing users toward desirable germplasm from defined geographic areas, and assisting users at the preliminary stages of germplasm evaluation.

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