Use of Plant Introductions To Develop New Industrial Crop Cultivars

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-48
Author(s):  
A. E. Thompson ◽  
D. A. Dierig ◽  
G. A. White
Keyword(s):  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Industrial Crop

Genetic Potential for Salt Tolerance During Germination in Lycopersicon Species

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Foolad ◽  
G.Y. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Wild Accession ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Stress Levels

Seed of 42 wild accessions (Plant Introductions) of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium Jusl., 11 cultigens (cultivated accessions) of L. esculentum Mill., and three control genotypes [LA716 (a salt-tolerant wild accession of L. pennellii Corr.), PI 174263 (a salt-tolerant cultigen), and UCT5 (a salt-sensitive breeding line)] were evaluated for germination in either 0 mm (control) or 100 mm synthetic sea salt (SSS, Na+/Ca2+ molar ratio equal to 5). Germination time increased in response to salt-stress in all genotypes, however, genotypic variation was observed. One accession of L. pimpinellifolium, LA1578, germinated as rapidly as LA716, and both germinated more rapidly than any other genotype under salt-stress. Ten accessions of L. pimpinellifolium germinated more rapidly than PI 174263 and 35 accessions germinated more rapidly than UCT5 under salt-stress. The results indicate a strong genetic potential for salt tolerance during germination within L. pimpinellifolium. Across genotypes, germination under salt-stress was positively correlated (r = 0.62, P < 0.01) with germination in the control treatment. The stability of germination response at diverse salt-stress levels was determined by evaluating germination of a subset of wild, cultivated accessions and the three control genotypes at 75, 150, and 200 mm SSS. Seeds that germinated rapidly at 75 mm also germinated rapidly at 150 mm salt. A strong correlation (r = 0.90, P < 0.01) existed between the speed of germination at these two salt-stress levels. At 200 mm salt, most accessions (76%) did not reach 50% germination by 38 days, demonstrating limited genetic potential within Lycopersicon for salt tolerance during germination at this high salinity.

Putative Alleles for Increased Yield from Soybean Plant Introductions

Crop Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Kabelka ◽  
B. W. Diers ◽  
W. R. Fehr ◽  
A. R. LeRoy ◽  
I. C. Baianu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Plant Introductions

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Diverse, Worldwide Collection of Wild, Cultivated, and Landrace Pepper (Capsicum annuum) for Resistance to Phytophthora Fruit Rot, Genetic Diversity, and Population Structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Naegele ◽  
A. J. Tomlinson ◽  
M. K. Hausbeck
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Commercial Breeding ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Pepper is the third most important solanaceous crop in the United States and fourth most important worldwide. To identify sources of resistance for commercial breeding, 170 pepper genotypes from five continents and 45 countries were evaluated for Phytophthora fruit rot resistance using two isolates of Phytophthora capsici. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed on a subset of 157 genotypes using 23 polymorphic simple sequence repeats. Partial resistance and isolate-specific interactions were identified in the population at both 3 and 5 days postinoculation (dpi). Plant introductions (PIs) 640833 and 566811 were the most resistant lines evaluated at 5 dpi to isolates 12889 and OP97, with mean lesion areas less than Criollo de Morelos. Genetic diversity was moderate (0.44) in the population. The program STRUCTURE inferred four genetic clusters with moderate to very great differentiation among clusters. Most lines evaluated were susceptible or moderately susceptible at 5 dpi, and no lines evaluated were completely resistant to Phytophthora fruit rot. Significant population structure was detected when pepper varieties were grouped by predefined categories of disease resistance, continent, and country of origin. Moderately resistant or resistant PIs to both isolates of P. capsici at 5 dpi were in genetic clusters one and two.

History of plant introductions to Pohnpei, Micronesia and the role of the Pohnpei agriculture station

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Ragone ◽  
David H. Lorence ◽  
Timothy Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Plant Introductions ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Two Soybean Plant Introductions Display Slow Leaf Wilting and Reduced Yield Loss under Drought

2014 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Pathan ◽  
J.-D. Lee ◽  
D. A. Sleper ◽  
F. B. Fritschi ◽  
R. E. Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Plant Introductions

scholarly journals A Review of Industrial Crop Yield Performances on Unfavorable Soil Types

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2382
Author(s):  
Jana Reinhardt ◽  
Pia Hilgert ◽  
Moritz Von Cossel
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Indirect Land Use Change ◽  
Industrial Crop ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Marginal Agricultural Land ◽  
The Impact

Industrial crop cultivation on marginal agricultural land limits indirect land-use change effects that pose a threat to food security. This review compiles results from 91 published crop-specific field trial datasets spanning 12 relevant industrial crops and discusses their suitability for cultivation on unfavorable soil types (USTs). It was shown that the perennial species Miscanthus (Miscanthus Andersson) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) performed well on USTs with both high clay and/or high sand contents. Information on stoniness (particles sizes > 2 mm), where mentioned, was limited. It was found to have only a small impact on biological yield potential, though it was not possible to assess the impact on mechanization as would be used at a commercial scale. For soils with extreme clay or sand contents, half of the crops showed moderate suitability. The large yield variations within and between crops revealed large knowledge gaps in the combined effects of crop type and agronomy on USTs. Therefore, more field trials are needed on diverse USTs in different climates with better equipment and more consistent measurements to improve the accuracy of potential yield predictions spatially and temporally. Additionally, larger trials are needed to optimize cultivation and harvesting.

scholarly journals Reaction of Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistant Plant Introductions to Root-Knot and Reniform Nematodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Dong Lee ◽  
Hyun-Jee Kim ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
James A. Wrather ◽  
Jason Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Resistant Plant ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Reniform Nematodes
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