Genetic and Environmental Effects on Seed Weight and Seed Yield in Switchgrass

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Seed Weight

Genotypic and phenotypic variances and correlations in field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genotypic Variance ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Number Of Seeds

SUMMARYEstimates of genotypic and phenotypic variances and covariances were determined for yield and yield components in ten field beans varieties grown at two locations over three seasons.Substantial amounts of genotypic variance were obtained for yield/plot, 1000-seed weight and number of pods/plant. Variability in number of seeds/pod and much of the variation in yield/plant was attributable to environmental effects and their interaction with the varieties. Seed yield/plot was closely and positively correlated with number of pods/plant and yield/plant, while it was closely and negatively correlated with 1000-seed weight.The implications of these correlations for selection are discussed.

Effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality of rice

2005 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. KRISHNAN ◽  
A. V. SURYA RAO
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seed Leachate

Seed yield and seed quality determine much of the value of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops to the producers. The effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality were investigated using 12 rice genotypes grown during 3 years (2000–2003) at four different sowing dates in India, where detailed environmental data were collected. Yield, seed weight, proportion of seed setting and quality in terms of potential seed longevity, proportion of discoloured seeds, seed leachate conductivity and percentage germination were evaluated. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the influence of environmental factors was evaluated by correlation analysis. Analysis of variance suggested that proportion of seed setting, seed leachate conductivity, potential seed longevity, percentage seed germination and proportion of seed discoloration were influenced more by environmental effects than by genotypic effects. In contrast, yield, panicle number, seed weight, and proportion of high-density grains were influenced more by genotypic than by environmental effects. The significant interaction effects of genotype and environment for all characteristics were attributed to differential resistance of genotypes to lodging (caused by increased plant height, low radiation and excessive rain at the time of grain filling) and were associated with fewer panicles harvested, lower seed setting and lower seed weight. Correlation analysis suggested that warm weather conditions with high solar radiation and without excessive rains during grain filling stage gave the best rice seed yield with high quality.

INHERITANCE OF SEED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SAFFLOWER

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kotecha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigmentation ◽  
Estimate Heritability ◽  
Multiple Factor

The parents, F1 and F2, from four crosses of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. and C. palaestinus Eig.) were studied to estimate heritability, gene action and mode of inheritance of head number, seed weight and seed yield. Low variances of nonsegregating populations suggested that environmental effects on seed weight were not strong and that variability was largely genetic; however, environmental effects were strong on head number and seed yield. Maternal effects were nonsignificant for all traits studied. The broad sense heritability estimates ranged from 4.4 to 16.7%, 21.7 to 81.8% and 66 to 85.5% for head number, seed yield and seed weight, respectively. In all F2's, a continuous distribution was observed, suggesting multiple factor inheritance for head number, seed weight and seed yield. Mathers and Jinks' three parameter model indicated that epistasis was not important for head number and seed yield; however, epistasis was important for seed weight. Flower color and anthocyanin pigmentation of cotyledonary midvein were inherited independently. Anthocyanin pigmentation was associated with head number, seed yield and seed weight; however, striped hull and flower color were not associated with head number, seed yield or seed weight. There was a significant positive correlation between seed yield and head number.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

Evaluation of some sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Aboelkassem ◽  
Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Abstract The present investigation was carried out to evaluate agronomic performance and oil quality of seven sunflower genotypes at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons. These genetic materials were sown in a randomized complete block design having three replications. Significant genetic variations among evaluated sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality were observed. The superior sunflower genotypes were Line 120 for seed yield per hectare (3102.38 kg), Sakha 53 for seed oil content (44.63 %) and Line 125 for oil quality where it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (89.20 %). The phenotypic coefficients of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits. High heritability (exceeded 60%) and genetic advance as percent of mean (ranged from medium to high, exceeded 10%) was observed for most studied traits. Seed yield per plant positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, and 100-seed weight and most chemical traits at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Maximum phenotypic direct effects on seed yield per plant were observed for 100-seed weight, head diameter and total unsaturated fatty acids. While, the highest genotypic direct effect on seed yield per plant was observed for head diameter. Hence, most studied traits could be employed as selection criteria for improving evaluated sunflower genotypes.

Evaluation of locations for testing dry bean cultivars in western Canada using statistical procedures, biological interpretation and multiple traits

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Saindon ◽  
G. B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Biological Interpretation ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
High Level

Genotype × environment (GE) effects in regional registration trials for dry beans in western Canada were studied to determine whether geographic distribution of sites could be rationalized. The structure of the GE effects on the maturity, seed weight and seed yield of seven dry bean check cultivars grown at eight locations during 4 yr was investigated using GE mean squares decomposition, cluster analysis and the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) method. The analyses revealed a high level of redundancy in the locations which suggested that most GE effects can be captured with fewer testing sites. The partition of the GE mean squares demonstrated the possibility of reproducing the GE structure of the entire data sets with as few as three sites; however, more locations may be needed to compensate for unpredictable environmental effects. Based on biological interpretation of groupings and visual assessment of the AMMI displays, a five-location set fully represented the GE effects on maturity, seed weight and seed yield and accounted for the inconsistent clustering of the Brooks site for the three traits. Also, the set should allow for site losses due to unpredictable environmental events. The dry bean industry in western Canada is expanding to non-traditional growing areas and the establishment of trials in these areas should be considered as they may create GE effects not considered to date. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., genotype × environment interactions, cluster analysis, AMMI analysis

scholarly journals GENETIC CONTROL OF VARIATION IN A SELECTED POPULATION OF RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS (ELYMUS JUNCEUS)

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seedling Characters ◽  
Additive Control

Progenies from a five-genotype diallel cross in Russian wild ryegrass, Elymus junceus Fisch., were studied to assess the pattern of genetic control for F1 seed weight and a number of seedling and adult plant characters. Variation in F1 seed weight was largely determined by the maternal parent, but some control by the pollen parent was apparent. Of the seedling characters, days to emerge, rate of leaf appearance, rate of tiller appearance, and seedling dry matter yield, only days to emerge showed additive variance which is amenable to direct selection. The other three characters could be most easily exploited by a recurrent selection program. The adult plant characters, date of inflorescence appearance, P content of the forage, and organic matter digestibility indicated strong additive control which is amenable to direct selection. Dry matter yield and seed yield also showed strong additive control which was accompanied by specific combining ability and weak maternal effects suggesting good progress should be possible by direct selection methods but crossing the selections in a diallel fashion prior to formation of synthetics might be desirable. The seedling characters, rate of leaf and tiller appearance and seedling dry matter yield were interrelated and associated with adult plant yield, thus offering the possibility of screening seedlings for these characters in a recurrent selection program for improved forage or seed yield.

Is the flag leaf important in perennial ryegrass seed production?

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
J.A.K. Trethewey ◽  
M.P. Rolston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Seed Fill ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

In cereals, the importance of the flag leaf for contributing carbohydrate during seed fill is well documented. However, in ryegrass this relationship is not so clear. This paper reports on an investigation of the effect on seed yield components of reduced photosynthetic capacity to the flag leaf, stem and head of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The hypothesis was that reduced photosynthetic capacity of the flag leaf does not affect seed yield components in perennial ryegrass. Following flowering, photosynthetic capacity was reduced by defoliation or shading the flag leaf, stem, or head of individual tillers. Seed yield components were measured at harvest. Reduced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to the flag leaf and stem did not affect thousand seed weight or seed yield when compared with control plants whereas reducing PAR to the head had a significant effect. The seed head itself may be more important than the flag leaf during seed fill, but when the seed head is shaded substantial re-mobilisation of stored carbohydrates can occur. Keywords: flag leaf, green leaf area, Lolium perenne, photosynthetically active radiation, seed fill, seed yield, thousand seed weight, water-soluble carbohydrates

Morphological and physiological traits associated with seed yield in different chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under irrigated andwater‐deficit environments

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Reza Talebi ◽  
Ezzat Karami
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Chickpea Cultivar ◽  
High Level ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The morpho â€physiological traits associated with seed yield in chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) were evaluated on thirty five chickpea genotypes under twodifferent water regimes. In optimum condition, the highest correlation wasbelonged to number of seeds/plant and number of pods/plant (0.944**) andin water deficit condition, the strongest correlation of seed yield was observedwith number of seeds/plant (0.875**), number of pods/plant(0.789**) and 100  â€seed weight (0.438**). Physiological traits (RWC, Chlorophylland Carotenoid) indicated low and positive correlation with yield, buthigh positive correlation with other seeds yields related traits in optimumcondition while, under water deficit condition, chlorophyll content and RWChad low and non â€significant negative correlation with seeds yield. Carotenoid,number of seeds/plant and 100 â€seed weight showed more direct positiveeffect on yield in optimum environment and in stress condition, numberof seeds/ plant and 100 â€seed weight showed highest direct effect on seedyield. Results of factor analysis showed that four factors explained 88.54%and 34.5% of the total variance caused in the characters in optimum andwater deficit environment, respectively. In general, the results suggestedthat a chickpea cultivar, for increased yield under non â€stress conditions,should have maximum number of seeds and pods per plant and under stressconditions should have maximum number of seeds and pods per plant andalso keep the high level of RWC and chlorophyll content in their leaves. Thus,identifying these traits as selection criteria in chickpea breeding programmay be useful for breeders to introduce suitable drought resistant chickpeacultivars for arid regions.

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