Validation of a Quantitative Phosphorus Loss Assessment Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. White ◽  
Daniel E. Storm ◽  
Michael D. Smolen ◽  
Philip R. Busteed ◽  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Phosphorus Loss

scholarly journals A quantitative phosphorus loss assessment tool for agricultural fields

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. White ◽  
Daniel E. Storm ◽  
Philip R. Busteed ◽  
Michael D. Smolen ◽  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Phosphorus Loss

scholarly journals Phosphorus loss assessment tools: a review of underlying concepts and applicability in cold climates

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 3794-3802
Author(s):  
Reza Habibiandehkordi ◽  
D. Keith Reid ◽  
Pradeep K. Goel ◽  
Asim Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
P Loss

AbstractIdentifying critical source areas (CSAs) of a watershed by phosphorus (P) loss assessment tools is essential for optimal placement of beneficial management practices (BMPs) to address diffuse P pollution. However, lack of significant progress in tackling diffuse P pollution could be, in part, associated with inefficacy of P loss assessment tools for accurately identifying CSAs. Phosphorus loss assessment tools have been developed to simulate P loss from the landscape where runoff is mainly driven by rainfall events. Therefore, they may underperform in cold climates where the land is often frozen during winter and runoff is dominated by snowmelt. This paper (i) reviews the strengths and weaknesses of current P loss assessment tools and their underlying assumptions in simulating soil P dynamics and P transfer to runoff, and (ii) highlights a number of challenges associated with modeling P transfer from agricultural land to surface waters in cold climates. Current P loss assessment tools do not appear to fully represent hydrological and biogeochemical processes responsible for P loss from CSAs, particularly in cold climates. Effort should be made to develop P loss assessment tools that are capable of considering P dynamics through the landscape as a result of abiotic perturbations that are common in cold climates, predicting runoff and P movement over frozen/partially frozen soils, and considering material-P connectivity between landscape and surface waters. Evaluating P loss assessment tools with water quality data is necessary to ensure such modifications result in improved identification of CSAs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dietary Assessment Tools Used in Bariatric Population

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2250
Author(s):  
Marianne Legault ◽  
Vicky Leblanc ◽  
Geneviève B. Marchand ◽  
Sylvain Iceta ◽  
Virginie Drolet-Labelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Severe obesity is associated with major health issues and bariatric surgery is still the only treatment to offer significant and durable weight loss. Assessment of dietary intakes is an important component of the bariatric surgery process. Objective: To document the dietary assessment tools that have been used with patients targeted for bariatric surgery and patients who had bariatric surgery and explore the extent to which these tools have been validated. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify studies that used a dietary assessment tool with patients targeted for bariatric surgery or who had bariatric surgery. Results: 108 studies were included. Among all studies included, 27 used a dietary assessment tool that had been validated either as part of the study per se (n = 11) or in a previous study (n = 16). Every tool validated per se in the cited studies was validated among a bariatric population, while none of the tools validated in previous studies were validated in this population. Conclusion: Few studies in bariatric populations used a dietary assessment tool that had been validated in this population. Additional studies are needed to develop valid and robust dietary assessment tools to improve the quality of nutritional studies among bariatric patients.

scholarly journals Role of LNG-IUS in adenomyosis in reproductive age group women: a prospective interventional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254
Author(s):  
Eshna Gupta ◽  
Shashi Prateek ◽  
Poonam Mani ◽  
Lalita Yadav ◽  
Mamta Tyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Loss Assessment

Background: The objective of the present study was to observe the efficacy of LNG-IUS in the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea associated with adenomyosis.Methods: LNG-IUS was inserted in forty women between 20-50 years of age presenting with heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea associated with adenomyosis diagnosed on transvaginal ultrasonography and followed up after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months of insertion. Subjective assessment of menstrual blood loss was done by pictorial blood loss assessment chart and dysmenorrhoea was assessed on the basis of universal pain assessment tool and side effects were noted at each visit.Results: Mean patients’ age was between 31-40 years (72.5%) and the follow up duration was 6 months. Significant improvements in dysmenorrhea, HMB and haemoglobin levels were observed. There was no significant change in the uterine volume. The most common side effect was prolonged vaginal spotting (n=26, 65%) and pain abdomen (n=13, 32.5%). LNG-IUS expulsion was observed in 1 patient (n=1, 2.5%). 3 patients underwent hysterectomy (n=3, 7.5%). The overall success rate of LNG-IUS was 82.5%.Conclusions: The LNG-IUS appears to be an effective method in alleviating dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding associated with adenomyosis during 6 months of study. It may be a valuable long-term alternative for the treatment of adenomyosis in young and perimenopausal women and it is a good strategy to reduce the number of hysterectomies in women with adenomyosis.

Age Norms for Auditory-Perceptual Neurophonetic Parameters: A Prerequisite for the Assessment of Childhood Dysarthria

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1082
Author(s):  
Theresa Schölderle ◽  
Elisabet Haas ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Age Norms ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Computer Based

Purpose The aim of this study was to collect auditory-perceptual data on established symptom categories of dysarthria from typically developing children between 3 and 9 years of age, for the purpose of creating age norms for dysarthria assessment. Method One hundred forty-four typically developing children (3;0–9;11 [years;months], 72 girls and 72 boys) participated. We used a computer-based game specifically designed for this study to elicit sentence repetitions and spontaneous speech samples. Speech recordings were analyzed using the auditory-perceptual criteria of the Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales, a standardized German assessment tool for dysarthria in adults. The Bogenhausen Dysarthria Scales (scales and features) cover clinically relevant dimensions of speech and allow for an evaluation of well-established symptom categories of dysarthria. Results The typically developing children exhibited a number of speech characteristics overlapping with established symptom categories of dysarthria (e.g., breathy voice, frequent inspirations, reduced articulatory precision, decreased articulation rate). Substantial progress was observed between 3 and 9 years of age, but with different developmental trajectories across different dimensions. In several areas (e.g., respiration, voice quality), 9-year-olds still presented with salient developmental speech characteristics, while in other dimensions (e.g., prosodic modulation), features typically associated with dysarthria occurred only exceptionally, even in the 3-year-olds. Conclusions The acquisition of speech motor functions is a prolonged process not yet completed with 9 years. Various developmental influences (e.g., anatomic–physiological changes) shape children's speech specifically. Our findings are a first step toward establishing auditory-perceptual norms for dysarthria in children of kindergarten and elementary school age. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12133380

Exploring the Validity and Operational Impact of Using Allied Health Assistants to Conduct Dysphagia Screening for Low-Risk Patients Within the Acute Hospital Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1944-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Schwarz ◽  
Elizabeth C. Ward ◽  
Petrea Cornwell ◽  
Anne Coccetti ◽  
Pamela D'Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Exact Agreement ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Impact Phase ◽  
Operational Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the agreement between allied health assistants (AHAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when completing dysphagia screening for low-risk referrals and at-risk patients under a delegation model and (b) the operational impact of this delegation model. Method All AHAs worked in the adult acute inpatient settings across three hospitals and completed training and competency evaluation prior to conducting independent screening. Screening (pass/fail) was based on results from pre-screening exclusionary questions in combination with a water swallow test and the Eating Assessment Tool. To examine the agreement of AHAs' decision making with SLPs, AHAs ( n = 7) and SLPs ( n = 8) conducted an independent, simultaneous dysphagia screening on 51 adult inpatients classified as low-risk/at-risk referrals. To examine operational impact, AHAs independently completed screening on 48 low-risk/at-risk patients, with subsequent clinical swallow evaluation conducted by an SLP with patients who failed screening. Results Exact agreement between AHAs and SLPs on overall pass/fail screening criteria for the first 51 patients was 100%. Exact agreement for the two tools was 100% for the Eating Assessment Tool and 96% for the water swallow test. In the operational impact phase ( n = 48), 58% of patients failed AHA screening, with only 10% false positives on subjective SLP assessment and nil identified false negatives. Conclusion AHAs demonstrated the ability to reliably conduct dysphagia screening on a cohort of low-risk patients, with a low rate of false negatives. Data support high level of agreement and positive operational impact of using trained AHAs to perform dysphagia screening in low-risk patients.

Measuring “Language Access Profiles” in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children With the DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Hall ◽  
Stephanie De Anda
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Language Access ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Language Exposure ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Purpose The purposes of this study were (a) to introduce “language access profiles” as a viable alternative construct to “communication mode” for describing experience with language input during early childhood for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children; (b) to describe the development of a new tool for measuring DHH children's language access profiles during infancy and toddlerhood; and (c) to evaluate the novelty, reliability, and validity of this tool. Method We adapted an existing retrospective parent report measure of early language experience (the Language Exposure Assessment Tool) to make it suitable for use with DHH populations. We administered the adapted instrument (DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool [D-LEAT]) to the caregivers of 105 DHH children aged 12 years and younger. To measure convergent validity, we also administered another novel instrument: the Language Access Profile Tool. To measure test–retest reliability, half of the participants were interviewed again after 1 month. We identified groups of children with similar language access profiles by using hierarchical cluster analysis. Results The D-LEAT revealed DHH children's diverse experiences with access to language during infancy and toddlerhood. Cluster analysis groupings were markedly different from those derived from more traditional grouping rules (e.g., communication modes). Test–retest reliability was good, especially for the same-interviewer condition. Content, convergent, and face validity were strong. Conclusions To optimize DHH children's developmental potential, stakeholders who work at the individual and population levels would benefit from replacing communication mode with language access profiles. The D-LEAT is the first tool that aims to measure this novel construct. Despite limitations that future work aims to address, the present results demonstrate that the D-LEAT represents progress over the status quo.

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