Land Application of Manure and Class B Biosolids: An Occupational and Public Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 2009-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Brooks ◽  
Michael R. McLaughlin ◽  
Charles P. Gerba ◽  
Ian L. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Class B

Enteric virus presence in green vegetables and associated irrigation waters in a rural area from Argentina. A quantitative microbial risk assessment

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 111201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prez Verónica Emilse ◽  
Victoria Matías ◽  
Martínez Laura Cecilia ◽  
Giordano Miguel Oscar ◽  
Masachessi Gisela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Irrigation Waters

scholarly journals Microbial risk assessment of local handling and use of human faeces

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Schönning ◽  
Therese Westrell ◽  
Thor Axel Stenström ◽  
Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen ◽  
Arne Bernt Hasling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Accidental Ingestion ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Local Use ◽  
Annual Risk

Dry urine-diverting toilets may be used in order to collect excreta for the utilisation of nutrients. A quantitative microbial risk assessment was conducted in order to evaluate the risks of transmission of infectious disease related to the local use of faeces as a fertiliser. The human exposures evaluated included accidental ingestion of small amounts of faeces, or a mixture of faeces and soil, while emptying the storage container and applying the material in the garden, during recreational stays to the garden, and during gardening. A range of pathogens representing various groups of microorganisms was considered. Results showed that 12-months' storage before use was sufficient for the inactivation of most pathogens to acceptable levels. When working or spending time in the garden the annual risk of infection by Ascaris was still slightly above 10-4 in these scenarios, although the incidence rate for Ascaris is very low in the population in question. Measures to further reduce the hygienic risks include longer storage, or treatment, of the faeces. The results can easily be extended to other regions with different incidence rates.

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