Ammonia Volatilization from Surface-Applied Poultry Litter under Conservation Tillage Management Practices

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Sharpe ◽  
H. H. Schomberg ◽  
L. A. Harper ◽  
D. M. Endale ◽  
M. B. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Poultry Litter

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Novel Poultry Litter Amendment on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Kelsey Anderson ◽  
Philip A. Moore ◽  
Jerry Martin ◽  
Amanda J. Ashworth
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Poultry Facilities

Gaseous emissions from poultry litter causes production problems for producers as well as the environment, by contributing to climate change and reducing air quality. Novel methods of reducing ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in poultry facilities are needed. As such, our research evaluated GHG emissions over a 42 d period. Three separate flocks of 1000 broilers were used for this study. The first flock was used only to produce litter needed for the experiment. The second and third flocks were allocated to 20 pens in a randomized block design with four replicated of five treatments. The management practices studied included an unamended control; a conventional practice of incorporating aluminum sulfate (referred to as alum) at 98 kg/100 m2); a novel litter amendment made from alum mud, bauxite, and sulfuric acid (alum mud litter amendment, AMLA) applied at different rates (49 and 98 kg/100 m2) and methods (surface applied or incorporated). Nitrous oxide emissions were low for all treatments in flocks 2 and 3 (0.40 and 0.37 mg m2 hr−1, respectively). The formation of caked litter (due to excessive moisture) during day 35 and 42 caused high variability in CH4 and CO2 emissions. Alum mud litter amendment and alum did not significantly affect GHGs emissions from litter, regardless of the amendment rate or application method. In fact, litter amendments such as alum and AMLA typically lower GHG emissions from poultry facilities by reducing ventilation requirements to maintain air quality in cooler months due to lower NH3 levels, resulting in less propane use and concomitant reductions in CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chemical Amendments to Reduce Ammonia Volatilization from Poultry Litter

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. MOORE ◽  
T.C. DANIEL ◽  
D.R. EDWARDS ◽  
D.M. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Poultry Litter

scholarly journals Efficiency of Rice Husk Biochar with Poultry Litter Co-Composts in Oxisols for Improving Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Enhancing Maize Performance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2409
Author(s):  
Hamed Alarefee ◽  
Che Fauziah Ishak ◽  
Daljit Singh Karam ◽  
Radziah Othman
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Higher Plant

Efficient use of co-composted organic manure with biochar is one of the sustainable management practices in an agriculture system to increase soil fertility and crop yield. The objectives of this research are to evaluate the use of co-composted biochar, biochar in formulation with poultry litter (PL), and PL compost on soil properties and maize growth. Organic amendments were applied at 10 Mg ha−1, and synthetic fertilizer was applied at the recommended rate of maize (N: P2O5: K2O at 60:60:40 kg ha−1). The results showed that addition of organic amendment significantly increased the total biomass parameter compared to the control, which ranged from 23.2% to 988.5%. The pure biochar treatment yielded lower biomass than the control by 27.1%, which was attributed to its low nutrient content. Consequently, the application of the co-composted biochar achieved higher plant height and aerial portion, which ranged from 46.86% to 25.74% and 7.8% to 108.2%, respectively, in comparison to the recommended fertilizer rate. In addition, the soil amended with co-composted biochar had a significant increase in soil organic matter and had significantly higher chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations in plants, which increased with an increase in the biochar ratio of the co-composts. This was probably attributed to the release of the nutrients retained during composting, thereby possibly making the co-composted biochar act as a slow-release fertilizer. In conclusion, the addition of organic manure with biochar enhanced the nutrient supply by gradual release in comparison to the mineral fertilizer.

Stratification of Phosphorus Forms from Long-Term Conservation Tillage and Poultry Litter Application

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 504-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Cade-Menun ◽  
Zhongqi He ◽  
Hailin Zhang ◽  
Dinku M. Endale ◽  
Harry H. Schomberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Phosphorus Forms

scholarly journals Yield and Quality Performance of Traditional and Improved Bread and Durum Wheat Varieties under Two Conservation Tillage Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ruiz ◽  
Encarna Zambrana ◽  
Rosario Fite ◽  
Aida Sole ◽  
Jose Luis Tenorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Wheat Varieties

The increasing spread of conservation agriculture demands that the next generation of wheat varieties includes cultivars capable of maintaining satisfactory yields with lower inputs and under uncertain climate scenarios. On the basis of the genetic gains achieved during decades of selection oriented to yield improvements under conventional crop management, it is important that novel breeding targets are defined and addressed. Grain yield, yield-related traits, and phenological and morphological characteristics, as well as functional quality parameters have been analyzed for six varieties each of bread and durum wheat, under minimum tillage and no-tillage. During the three-year experiment, the climatic conditions at the field trial site were characterized by low rainfall, although different degrees of aridity—from moderate to severe—were experienced. Differences were found between these two soil management practices in regard to the varieties’ yield stability. A positive influence of no-tillage on traits related to grain and biomass yield was also evidenced, and some traits among the examined seemed involved in varietal adaptation to a particular non-conventional tillage system. The study also confirmed some breeding targets for improved performance of wheat genotypes in conservation agroecosystems. These traits were represented in the small set of traditional varieties analysed.

Effects of restorative agroecosystems on soil characteristics and plant production on a degraded soil in the Georgia Piedmont, USA

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Jacobsen ◽  
C.F. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Georgia Piedmont

AbstractThis work presents the results of a three-year field study of agroecosystems designed to restore soil organic matter (SOM) to degraded soils of the Georgia Piedmont. The systems combine a suite of management practices previously demonstrated to increase SOM when studied individually, and examine the effects of these techniques when used in combination in a cropping systems context on soil characteristics, crop production and weed biomass. The systems' components include organic management, alley cropping with perennial legumes, conservation tillage, use of winter cover crops, straw mulch and two compost application rates. Vegetable crops grown were a rotation of okra, hot pepper and a corn and winter squash intercrop. The systems were not able to maintain soil C or N without the addition of compost. Systems incorporating alley cropping, organic management, conservation tillage and compost maintained soil C, and increased in soil C when mulch was not applied. In organic, conservation tillage without alley cropping, soil C did not change significantly, even with annual 44.8 Mg ha−1 of compost additions. Patterns for soil N followed those of soil C. The study demonstrated that alley cropping can maintain and sequester soil C and N beyond organic conservation tillage alone, and more than conventionally tilled, chemically fertilized treatments. Crop yields did not vary by treatment due to high variation within treatments. Winter cover crop residue provided an effective weed barrier for 4 to 6 weeks in the spring, but additional hand weeding was required throughout the summer. The results of this systems-level study demonstrated interactions between management practices when used in combination that would not have been observed when studied individually. It also demonstrates that agroforestry techniques, conservation tillage and compost applications can increase soil C in degraded, clayey soils while they are in cultivation.

scholarly journals Mapping Crop Residue by Combining Landsat and WorldView-3 Satellite Imagery

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Dean Hively ◽  
Jacob Shermeyer ◽  
Brian T. Lamb ◽  
Craig T. Daughtry ◽  
Miguel Quemada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Image Stack ◽  
Landsat 7

A unique, multi-tiered approach was applied to map crop-residue cover on the Eastern Shore of the Chesapeake Bay, United States. Field measurements of crop-residue cover were used to calibrate residue mapping using shortwave infrared (SWIR) indices derived from WorldView-3 imagery for a 12-km × 12-km footprint. The resulting map was then used to calibrate and subsequently classify crop residue mapping using Landsat imagery at a larger spatial resolution and extent. This manuscript describes how the method was applied and presents results in the form of crop-residue cover maps, validation statistics, and quantification of conservation tillage implementation in the agricultural landscape. Overall accuracy for maps derived from Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 were comparable at roughly 92% (+/− 10%). Tillage class-specific accuracy was also strong and ranged from 75% to 99%. The approach, which employed a 12-band image stack of six tillage spectral indices and six individual Landsat bands, was shown to be adaptable to variable soil-moisture conditions—under dry conditions (Landsat 7, 14 May 2015) the majority of predictive power was attributed to SWIR indices, and under wet conditions (Landsat 8, 22 May 2015) single band reflectance values were more effective at explaining variability in residue cover. Summary statistics of resulting tillage class occurrence matched closely with conservation tillage implementation totals reported by Maryland and Delaware to the Chesapeake Bay Program. This hybrid method combining WorldView-3 and Landsat imagery sources shows promise for monitoring progress in the adoption of conservation tillage practices and for describing crop-residue outcomes associated with a variety of agricultural management practices.

scholarly journals Modeling the impacts of agricultural best management practices on runoff, sediment, and crop yield in an agriculture-pasture intensive watershed

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7093
Author(s):  
Solmaz Rasoulzadeh Gharibdousti ◽  
Gehendra Kharel ◽  
Arthur Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Best Management ◽  
No Till ◽  
Runoff Sediment

Best management practices (BMPs) are commonly used to reduce sediment loadings. In this study, we modeled the Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed located in southwestern Oklahoma, USA using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and evaluated the impacts of five agricultural BMP scenarios on surface runoff, sediment yield, and crop yield. The hydrological model, with 43 sub-basins and 15,217 hydrological response units, was calibrated (1991–2000) and validated (2001–2010) against the monthly observations of streamflow, sediment grab samples, and crop-yields. The coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NS) and percentage bias (PB) were used to determine model performance with satisfactory values of R2 (0.64 and 0.79) and NS (0.61 and 0.62) in the calibration and validation period respectively for streamflow. We found that contouring practice reduced surface runoff by more than 18% in both conservation tillage and no-till practices for all crops used in this modeling study. In addition, contour farming with either conservation tillage or no-till practice reduced sediment yield by almost half. Compared to the conservation tillage practice, no-till practice decreased sediment yield by 25.3% and 9.0% for cotton and grain sorghum, respectively. Using wheat as cover crop for grain sorghum generated the lowest runoff followed by its rotation with canola and cotton regardless of contouring. Converting all the crops in the watershed into Bermuda grass resulted in significant reduction in sediment yield (72.5–96.3%) and surface runoff (6.8–38.5%). The model can be used to provide useful information for stakeholders to prioritize ecologically sound and feasible BMPs at fields that are capable of reducing sediment yield while increasing crop yield.

Effect of Chemical Amendments on Ammonia Volatilization from Poultry Litter

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Moore ◽  
T. C. Daniel ◽  
D. R. Edwards ◽  
D. M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Poultry Litter
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document