The Role of Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soil Conservation

2015 ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Miller ◽  
J. D. Jastrow
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Conservation

scholarly journals Above- and belowground biodiversity jointly tighten the P cycle in agricultural grasslands

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Oelmann ◽  
Markus Lange ◽  
Sophia Leimer ◽  
Christiane Roscher ◽  
Felipe Aburto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Grassland Productivity ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Diverse Plant ◽  
Management Effects ◽  
P Cycle

AbstractExperiments showed that biodiversity increases grassland productivity and nutrient exploitation, potentially reducing fertiliser needs. Enhancing biodiversity could improve P-use efficiency of grasslands, which is beneficial given that rock-derived P fertilisers are expected to become scarce in the future. Here, we show in a biodiversity experiment that more diverse plant communities were able to exploit P resources more completely than less diverse ones. In the agricultural grasslands that we studied, management effects either overruled or modified the driving role of plant diversity observed in the biodiversity experiment. Nevertheless, we show that greater above- (plants) and belowground (mycorrhizal fungi) biodiversity contributed to tightening the P cycle in agricultural grasslands, as reduced management intensity and the associated increased biodiversity fostered the exploitation of P resources. Our results demonstrate that promoting a high above- and belowground biodiversity has ecological (biodiversity protection) and economical (fertiliser savings) benefits. Such win-win situations for farmers and biodiversity are crucial to convince farmers of the benefits of biodiversity and thus counteract global biodiversity loss.

Agronomic, breeding, and biotechnological approaches to parasitic plant management through manipulation of germination stimulant levels in agricultural soils

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 813-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fernández-Aparicio ◽  
J.H. Westwood ◽  
D. Rubiales
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Parasitic Weed ◽  
Germination Stimulant ◽  
New Class ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

A number of plant species have adapted to parasitize other plants, and some parasitic species pose severe constraints to major crops. The role of strigolactones and other metabolites present in host root exudates as germination stimulants for weedy root parasitic weed seeds has been known for the last 40 years. Recently, the ecological and developmental roles of strigolactones have been clarified by the discovery that they are a new class of plant hormone that controls shoot branching and serve as host recognition signals for mycorrhizal fungi. Parasitic plants also recognize these chemicals and use them to coordinate their life cycle with that of their host. Here we review agronomic practices that use parasitic germination stimulant production as a target for manipulation to control parasitic weeds.

scholarly journals The Role of Non-Mycorrhizal Fungi in Germination of the Mycoheterotrophic Orchid Pogoniopsis schenckii Cogn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Soêmis Sisti ◽  
Denisele Neuza Aline Flores-Borges ◽  
Sara Adrián López de Andrade ◽  
Samantha Koehler ◽  
Maria Letícia Bonatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi
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