Selection System for the Stay-Green Drought Tolerance Trait in Sorghum Germplasm

2010 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1118-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Burke ◽  
C. D. Franks ◽  
G. Burow ◽  
Z. Xin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Sorghum Germplasm

scholarly journals Evaluation of Stay-Green Sorghum Germplasm Lines at ICRISAT

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Mahalakshmi ◽  
Francis R. Bidinger
Keyword(s):  
Stay Green ◽  
Sorghum Germplasm

scholarly journals Evaluation of Stay‐Green Sorghum Germplasm Lines at ICRISAT

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 965-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Mahalakshmi ◽  
Francis R. Bidinger
Keyword(s):  
Stay Green ◽  
Sorghum Germplasm

scholarly journals Fine-Mapping of Sorghum Stay-Green QTL on Chromosome10 Revealed Genes Associated with Delayed Senescence

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. S. Usha Kiranmayee ◽  
C. Tom Hash ◽  
S. Sivasubramani ◽  
P. Ramu ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Amindala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Genomic Regions

This study was conducted to dissect the genetic basis and to explore the candidate genes underlying one of the important genomic regions on an SBI-10 long arm (L), governing the complex stay-green trait contributing to post-flowering drought-tolerance in sorghum. A fine-mapping population was developed from an introgression line cross—RSG04008-6 (stay-green) × J2614-11 (moderately senescent). The fine-mapping population with 1894 F2 was genotyped with eight SSRs and a set of 152 recombinants was identified, advanced to the F4 generation, field evaluated with three replications over 2 seasons, and genotyped with the GBS approach. A high-resolution linkage map was developed for SBI-10L using 260 genotyping by sequencing—Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (GBS–SNPs). Using the best linear unpredicted means (BLUPs) of the percent green leaf area (%GL) traits and the GBS-based SNPs, we identified seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) clusters and single gene, mostly involved in drought-tolerance, for each QTL cluster, viz., AP2/ERF transcription factor family (Sobic.010G202700), NBS-LRR protein (Sobic.010G205600), ankyrin-repeat protein (Sobic.010G205800), senescence-associated protein (Sobic.010G270300), WD40 (Sobic.010G205900), CPK1 adapter protein (Sobic.010G264400), LEA2 protein (Sobic.010G259200) and an expressed protein (Sobic.010G201100). The target genomic region was thus delimited from 15 Mb to 8 genes co-localized with QTL clusters, and validated using quantitative real-time (qRT)–PCR.

scholarly journals Water extraction under terminal drought explains the genotypic differences in yield, not the anti-oxidant changes in leaves of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kholová ◽  
Vincent Vadez
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Soil Water Status ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Terminal Drought

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) is a resilient crop suiting the harshest conditions of the semi-arid tropics, in which we assessed possible relationships between crop tolerance, anti-oxidative enzyme activity and plant/soil water status. Biochemical acclimation and cell homeostasis traits have been proposed as critical for the drought tolerance of crops, but their limited practical application in breeding so far suggests that the role of biochemical acclimation for drought tolerance is still unclear. Previous research may have been of limited value because it has not approached biochemical acclimation from the angle of plant water relations. Four pearl millet genotypes, contrasting for terminal drought tolerance, were evaluated (sensitive H77/833–2, tolerant PRLT2/89–33 and two near isogenic lines carrying a terminal drought tolerance quantitative trait locus) under water-stress (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions in a lysimetric system that simulates field-like conditions. We assessed the genotypic variation and relationship between photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids), antioxidative isoenzymatic spectrum (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase), physiological traits (soil moisture available, normalised transpiration, stay-green score and water extraction) and biomass and yield. Biochemical traits investigated were tightly related among each other under WS conditions but not under WW conditions. Two major ascorbate peroxidase isoforms (APX6&7), whose variation in both water regimes reflected the presence/absence of the drought tolerance quantitative trait locus, were identified, but these did not relate to yield. Both, yield and biochemical traits under terminal drought stress were closely related to the traits linked to plant/soil water status (soil moisture available, normalised transpiration, stay-green score and water extraction), whereas yield and the biochemical indicators were not correlated, except for one. It is concluded that there is no direct effect of biochemical traits on yield parameters since both are consequences of soil-plant water status and their putative relation appear to be secondary – through plant/soil water status.

scholarly journals Drought Tolerance and Application of Marker-Assisted Selection in Sorghum

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Andekelile Mwamahonje ◽  
John Saviour Yaw Eleblu ◽  
Kwadwo Ofori ◽  
Santosh Deshpande ◽  
Tileye Feyissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Qtl Pyramiding ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcrossing

Sorghum is an important staple food crop in drought prone areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, which is characterized by erratic rainfall with poor distribution. Sorghum is a drought-tolerant crop by nature with reasonable yield compared to other cereal crops, but such abiotic stress adversely affects the productivity. Some sorghum varieties maintain green functional leaves under post-anthesis drought stress referred to as stay-green, which makes it an important crop for food and nutritional security. Notwithstanding, it is difficult to maintain consistency of tolerance over time due to climate change, which is caused by human activities. Drought in sorghum is addressed by several approaches, for instance, breeding drought-tolerant sorghum using conventional and molecular technologies. The challenge with conventional methods is that they depend on phenotyping stay-green, which is complex in sorghum, as it is constituted by multiple genes and environmental effects. Marker assisted selection, which involves the use of DNA molecular markers to map QTL associated with stay-green, has been useful to supplement stay-green improvement in sorghum. It involves QTL mapping associated with the stay-green trait for introgression into the senescent sorghum varieties through marker-assisted backcrossing by comparing with phenotypic field data. Therefore, this review discusses mechanisms of drought tolerance in sorghum focusing on physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits. In addition, the review discusses the application of marker-assisted selection techniques, including marker-assisted backcrossing, QTL mapping, and QTL pyramiding for addressing post-flowering drought in sorghum.

INDIRECT SELECTION FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN MAIZE THROUGH AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND SEEDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
VIVIANE MARIA DE ABREU ◽  
EDILA VILELA DE RESENDE VON PINHO ◽  
HELOISA OLIVEIRA DOS SANTOS ◽  
MARCELA RESENDE CARVALHO ◽  
GLORIA MARIA DE FREITAS NAVES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Selection For

High prolificacy, stay green, and a reduced interval between male and female flowering are among the traits most used for indirect selection for drought tolerance. The objective of this research was to evaluate five maize lines from the maize breeding program of the company Geneseeds Recursos Genéticos Ltda, as drought tolerance, grown at four plant population, 40, 60, 80 and 100 thousand plants ha-1. In these conditions, the following characters evaluated indirectly related to drought tolerance: prolificacy, stay green and interval between female and male flowering, as related to drought tolerance. We also evaluated the physiological quality of seeds and expression of the enzymes alpha amylase, esterase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, alcohol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and, heat resistant proteins. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split plot layout. There were differences between the lines for all traits analyzed. Lines 63, 64 and 91 showed the greatest yields and prolificacy, and lines 63, 64, 54 and 91 had the lowest intervals between male and female flowering. There was no influence of plant population on the physiological quality of maize seeds, and the highest values of germination and seed vigor were observed in lines 64, 44 and 91. Lines 63, 64 and 91 are considered as promising for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Novel Miscanthus genotypes selected for different drought tolerance phenotypes show enhanced tolerance across combinations of salinity and drought treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Stavridou ◽  
Richard J Webster ◽  
Paul R H Robson
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Moderate Salinity

Abstract Background and Aims Water deficit and salinity stresses are often experienced by plants concurrently; however, knowledge is limited about the effects of combined salinity and water deficit stress in plants, and especially in C4 bioenergy crops. Here we aim to understand how diverse drought tolerance traits may deliver tolerance to combinations of drought and salinity in C4 crops, and identify key traits that influence the productivity and biomass composition of novel Miscanthus genotypes under such conditions. Methods Novel genotypes used included M. sinensis and M. floridulus species, pre-screened for different drought responses, plus the commercial accession Miscanthus × giganteus (M×g.). Plants were grown under control treatments, single stress or combinations of water deficit and moderate salinity stress. Morphophysiological responses, including growth, yield, gas exchange and leaf water relations and contents of proline, soluble sugars, ash and lignin were tested for significant genotypic and treatment effects. Key Results The results indicated that plants subjected to combined stresses showed more severe responses compared with single stresses. All novel drought-tolerant genotypes and M×g. were tolerant to moderate salinity stress. Biomass production in M. sinensis genotypes was more resilient to co-occurring stresses than that in M×g. and M. floridulus, which, despite the yield penalty produced more biomass overall. A stay-green M. sinensis genotype adopted a conservative growth strategy with few significant treatment effects. Proline biosynthesis was species-specific and was triggered by salinity and co-occurring stress treatments, mainly in M. floridulus. The ash content was compartmentalized differently in leaves and stems in the novel genotypes, indicating different mechanisms of ion accumulation. Conclusions This study highlights the potential to select novel drought-tolerant Miscanthus genotypes that are resilient to combinations of stress and is expected to contribute to a deeper fundamental knowledge of different mechanistic responses identified for further exploitation in developing resilient Miscanthus crops.

scholarly journals The Value of the Stay-green Traits with Grain Yield of Post Flowering Drought Tolerance in Rabi Sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 059-063
Author(s):  
D. Dev Kumar ◽  
◽  
V. Padma ◽  
H. S. Talwar ◽  
Farzana Jabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Indian Institute ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment was conducted during rabi 2012-13 at research farm of Indian Institute of Millet Research (IIMR), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telengana State, India. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design, replicated thrice, with 10 Sorghum genotypes as main treatment Well-watered (WW) and Water-stress (WS) conditions) to examine the potential of Sorghum genotypes to adapt to the post flowering drought. 10 genotypes are sub-treatments CRS 4, CRS 19, CRS 20, PEC 17, CSV 18, M 35-1, Phule chitra, Phule moulee, EP 57 and CRS 1). Among the four stages viz., 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after flowering (DAF), the GLAR (stay green trait) at 10 DAF had a positive and higher significant correlation with grain yield (r=0.66). So, GLAR at 10 DAF is most appropriate stage to screen for post flowering drought tolerance. Among the yield components, number of grains per panicle, grain weight panicle-1 and harvest index (HI) are significantly and positively correlated with grain yield and therefore it can be ascribed that the genotypes, which partitioned more assimilates into economic parts and in which grain filling is high, recorded more grain yield. The overall yield reduction due to moisture stress during the post flowering drought was 10% and it ranged between 8-12% among the genotypes. This indicates that the genotypes used in the present study are relatively drought tolerant. The genotypes CSV 18 and Phule moulee registered least yield reduction (8%) in grain yield due to post flowering drought followed by PEC 17 and M 35-1 which registered 9% yield reduction. However, the overall grain yield of PEC 17 and M 35-1 was more than CSV 18 and Phule moulee even under moisture stress conditions.

scholarly journals Metabolomic, photoprotective, and photosynthetic acclimatory responses to post-flowering drought in sorghum

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
christopher Baker ◽  
Dhruv Patel ◽  
Benjamin J. Cole ◽  
Lindsey G. Ching ◽  
Oliver Dautermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Metabolomic Data ◽  
High Yields

Climate change is globally affecting rainfall patterns, necessitating the improvement of drought tolerance in crops. Sorghum bicolor is a drought-tolerant cereal capable of producing high yields under water scarcity conditions. Functional stay-green sorghum genotypes can maintain green leaf area and efficient grain filling in terminal post-flowering water deprivation, a period of ~10 weeks. To obtain molecular insights into these characteristics, two drought-tolerant genotypes, BTx642 and RTx430, were grown in control and terminal post-flowering drought field plots in the Central Valley of California. Photosynthetic, photoprotective, water dynamics, and biomass traits were quantified and correlated with metabolomic data collected from leaves, stems, and roots at multiple timepoints during drought. Physiological and metabolomic data was then compared to longitudinal RNA sequencing data collected from these two genotypes. The metabolic response to drought highlights the uniqueness of the post-flowering drought acclimation relative to pre-flowering drought. The functional stay-green genotype BTx642 specifically induced photoprotective responses in post-flowering drought supporting a putative role for photoprotection in the molecular basis of the functional stay-green trait. Specific genes are highlighted that may contribute to post-flowering drought tolerance and that can be targeted in crops to maximize yields under limited water input conditions.

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