scholarly journals Carcinogenicity of butyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ether in rats and mice by whole body inhalation for two years

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Michiharu Matsumoto ◽  
Tatsuya Kasai ◽  
Arata Saito ◽  
Kenji Takanobu ◽  
Hideki Senoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation ◽  
Rats And Mice

scholarly journals Whole-body inhalation exposure to 2-ethyltoluene for two weeks produced nasal lesions in rats and mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (9-14) ◽  
pp. 334-346
Author(s):  
Madelyn C. Huang ◽  
Cynthia J. Willson ◽  
Sridhar Jaligama ◽  
Gregory L. Baker ◽  
Alan W. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation ◽  
Rats And Mice

Lung toxicity and gene expression changes in response to whole-body inhalation exposure to cellulose nanocrystal in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Pius Joseph ◽  
Christina M. Umbright ◽  
Jenny R. Roberts ◽  
Jared L. Cumpston ◽  
Marlene S. Orandle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Lung Toxicity ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation

1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) (2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Inhalation Toxicity ◽  
Hfc 134A ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation

1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) is a colorless gas used as a foam expansion agent and heat transfer fluid. HFC-134 has a low acute inhalation toxicity with an LC50 of >244,000 ppm. The no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and lowest-observed adverse effect level for cardiac sensitization (in epinephrine-challenged beagle dogs) were 75,000 and 100,000 ppm, respectively. A subacute 4-week GLP inhalation toxicity study exposed male and female Crl: CD®BR rats (10/sex) to 0, 2000, 10,000, or 50,000 ppm via whole-body inhalation. Transient and non-dose-response–related body weight changes were observed throughout the exposure period, but no statistically significant, test substance-related adverse effects were observed in any clinical observations, chemistry, hematology, or pathology. This study identified a NOAEL for HFC-134 of 50,000 ppm, the highest exposure level tested. HFC-134 is not genotoxic in in vitro studies; however, no in vivo studies are available. No developmental or maternal toxicity was found in female rats exposed to HFC-134 up to 50,000 ppm via whole-body inhalation in two different studies. Based on data for a similar material (HFC-134a), HFC-134 is not expected to be extensively metabolized or to cause genetic toxicity or carcinogenicity. The HFC-134 workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL) is based primarily on the subacute 4-week inhalation toxicity study in rats with the NOAEL of 50,000 ppm selected as the point of departure for the derivation of the 8-h TWA, health-based WEEL value. The developmental toxicity study also had a NOAEL of 50,000 ppm and was the highest exposure level tested. The subacute inhalation NOAEL was adjusted to account for interindividual variability, subacute to chronic duration, animal to human extrapolation, daily duration of exposure, and residual uncertainty. In addition, the lack of adverse effects noted in the toxicology studies for HFC-134a was considered. The resulting 8-h TWA WEEL value of 1000 ppm is expected to provide a significant margin of safety against the production of any potential adverse health effects in workers following long-term inhalation exposure to HFC-134.

Evaluation of Exposure to Water Aerosol or Air by Nose-Only or Whole-Body Inhalation Procedures for CD-1 Mice in Developmental Toxicity Studies

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. TYL ◽  
B. BALLANTYNE ◽  
L. C. FISHER ◽  
D. L. FAIT ◽  
T. A. SAVINE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Water Aerosol ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation

Improvement of Aerosol Distribution in Whole-Body Inhalation Exposure Chambers

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Sung Cheng ◽  
Edward B. Barr ◽  
Robert L. Carpenter ◽  
Janet M. Benson ◽  
Charles H. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Aerosol Distribution ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation

In vivo study of arsine exposure in hairless mice: percutaneous absorption vs. whole-body inhalation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 3868
Author(s):  
Yuko Yamano ◽  
Kasuke Nagano ◽  
Kenzo Yamanaka ◽  
Akihisa Hata ◽  
Toshio Nakadate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Absorption ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation

Comparative pulmonary toxicity of inhaled metalworking fluids in rats and mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen R Ryan ◽  
Mark F Cesta ◽  
Ronald Herbert ◽  
Amy Brix ◽  
Michelle Cora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are complex formulations designed for effective lubricating, cooling, and cleaning tools and parts during machining operations. Adverse health effects such as respiratory symptoms, dermatitis, and cancer have been reported in workers exposed to MWFs. Several constituents of MWFs have been implicated in toxicity and have been removed from the formulations over the years. However, animal studies with newer MWFs demonstrate that they continue to pose a health risk. This investigation examines the hypothesis that unrecognized health hazards exist in currently marketed MWF formulations that are presumed to be safe based on hazard assessments of individual ingredients. In vivo 13-week inhalation studies were designed to characterize and compare the potential toxicity of four MWFs: Trim VX, Cimstar 3800, Trim SC210, and Syntilo 1023. Male and female Wistar Han rats or Fischer 344N/Tac rats and B6C3F1/N mice were exposed to MWFs via whole-body inhalation at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/m3 for 13 weeks, after which, survival, body and organ weights, hematology and clinical chemistry, histopathology, and genotoxicity were assessed following exposure. Although high concentrations were used, survival was not affected and toxicity was primarily within the respiratory tract of male and female rats and mice. Minor variances in toxicity were attributed to differences among species as well as in the chemical components of each MWF. Pulmonary fibrosis was present only in rats and mice exposed to Trim VX. These data confirm that newer MWFs have the potential to cause respiratory toxicity in workers who are repeatedly exposed via inhalation.

Thirteen-week study of toxicity of fiber-like multi-walled carbon nanotubes with whole-body inhalation exposure in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kasai ◽  
Yumi Umeda ◽  
Makoto Ohnishi ◽  
Hitomi Kondo ◽  
Tetsuya Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

EXTRAPULMONARY TRANSLOCATION OF ULTRAFINE CARBON PARTICLES FOLLOWING WHOLE-BODY INHALATION EXPOSURE OF RATS

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (20) ◽  
pp. 1531-1543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Oberdörster ◽  
Zachary Sharp ◽  
Viorel Atudorei ◽  
Alison Elder ◽  
Robert Gelein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Whole Body Inhalation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document