scholarly journals The Same Risk, the Different Vulnerability? Social Environment as Risk-generating Factor in Injecting Drug Users and Sex Workers

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
Bojan Žikić
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Social Epidemiology ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
And Control

Social epidemiology of blood-borne diseases has been investigated in Belgrade sex workers and injecting drug users. The overall aim of the study was to reveal factors responsible for social epidemiological exposure and vulnerability of the members of those groups, and in this paper some outcomes are discussed, namely those which suggest a little bit different patterns of establishing such vulnerability for injecting drug users and sex workers respectively. It looks like the social environment plays much greater part in producing social epidemiological risk for the sex workers than for the injecting drug users. Factors stemming from the social environment responsible for production of the social epidemiological risk are far more beyond reach and control of the sex workers than it is so with the injecting drug users.

scholarly journals Distinct Circulating Recombinant HIV-1 Strains Among Injecting Drug Users and Sex Workers in Afghanistan

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Sanders-Buell ◽  
Meera Bose ◽  
Abdul Nasir ◽  
Catherine S. Todd ◽  
M. Raza Stanekzai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Female street sex work in Belgrade as risk environment for a syndemic production: A qualitative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
Bojan Zikic ◽  
Milos Milenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Risk Environment ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Street Sex Work ◽  
Syndemic Theory

Introduction/Objective. Although female street sex workers are contextually vulnerable to numerous health-endangering factors, they also contribute in re-producing them. This synergetic production is approached by syndemic theory developed within medical anthropology. The objective of the study is to present an analysis of the results of a qualitative ethnographic study conducted in Belgrade, Serbia in 2015, and reflect upon social environment factors influencing syndemic development of medical conditions. Methods. The risk environment factors enhancing possibilities of developing particular medical conditions were investigated by applying qualitative anthropological methodology, emphasizing semi-structured in-depth interviews, a standard qualitative sample, and respondents? self-reporting. Results. Social environment of sex work, generally considered risky due to sexually and blood-transmitted diseases, in this study also proved as receptive for many other illnesses, whose syndemic character has been insufficiently addressed. The study confirmed the syndemic nature of street sex work. Conclusion. The social science perspective should be used in health policy conceptualization and implementation not only during latter stages, i.e. in the interpretation of the social conditions influencing medical related issues, but during early stages of understanding how those conditions and issues circularly constitute each other.

HIV/AIDS among female sex workers, injecting drug users and men who have sex with men in Lebanon: results of the first biobehavioral surveys

AIDS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S45-S54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyad Mahfoud ◽  
Rema Afifi ◽  
Sami Ramia ◽  
Danielle El Khoury ◽  
Kassem Kassak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Unprotected Sex with Injecting Drug Users among Iranian Female Sex Workers: Unhide HIV Risk Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khodabakhsh Ahmadi ◽  
Majid Rezazade ◽  
Mohammad Nafarie ◽  
Babak Moazen ◽  
Mosaieb Yarmohmmadi Vasel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

Purpose. To assess the prevalence and associated factors of unprotected sex with injecting drug users (IDUs) among a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran.Methods. This cross-sectional study included 144 FSWs who were interviewed as a part of Unhide HIV Risk Study, a national behavioral survey focusing on various high-risk populations, including IDUs, FSWs, and Men who have Sex with Men (MSMs) in 2009. The survey was conducted in eight provinces in Iran using respondent-driven sampling. Participants’ sociodemographic status, HIV knowledge, and HIV attitude were analyzed via logistic regression to determine the predictors of unprotected sex with IDU(s) during the past month.Results. Nineteen percent of FSWs reported at least one occasion of unprotected sex with IDU(s) in the month preceding the study. Higher educational level (OR=−0.653, 95%CI=-1.192to −0.115), perceived HIV risk (OR=−1.047, 95%CI=-2.076to −0.019), and perceived family intimacy during childhood (OR=−1.104, 95%CI=-1.957to −0.251) were all independently associated with lower odds of having unprotected sex with IDU(s) in the month preceding the study. Age, marital status, living condition, HIV knowledge, and perceived behavioral control did not affect the odds of FSWs having sex with IDUs.Conclusion. Perceived HIV risk, which is a modifiable factor, seems to be a promising target for harm reduction interventions amongst Iranian female sex workers. Data presented here may aid in reducing or eliminating the role of sex workers as a bridge for HIV transmission from IDUs to the general population in Iran.

scholarly journals Controlling Drug Users: Forms of Power and Behavioural Regulation in Drug Treatment Services

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Bacon ◽  
Toby Seddon
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Responsive Regulation ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
And Control

Abstract This article examines the control practices used in drug treatment services to regulate the behaviour of people with drug problems. Drawing on an extensive qualitative study, we developed a conceptual framework, integrating the notion of responsive regulation with Wrong’s sociology of power. The picture that emerges is of a complex ‘web of controls’, combining diverse forms of power and control techniques, used to steer action and shape behavioural outcomes. It is argued that we can understand these control practices within drug treatment as part of broader strategies for the social regulation of the poor, built on deep-rooted hybrids of punishment and welfare. The article concludes with the suggestion that drug treatment represents an important site for understanding penal power today.

HIV INFECTION AMONG COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS AND INJECTING DRUG USERS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE BRUCKOVA ◽  
KENNETH C. EARHART ◽  
LASZLO SUMEGH ◽  
GAIL D. CHAPMAN ◽  
JANA VANDASOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Commercial Sex ◽  
Commercial Sex Workers ◽  
The Czech Republic

Anticipated suicidal ideation among female injecting drug users who are sex workers of negative or unknown HIV status in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 774-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Hi Yi Tsui ◽  
Hongyao Chen ◽  
Zixin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Status
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