scholarly journals Study of mast Cells in Appendectomy Specimen

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. A288-293
Author(s):  
Janaki V Upadhyay ◽  
Shaila N Shah
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Chronic Appendicitis ◽  
Therapeutic Measure ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mast Cell Count

Background: Mast cells play an important role in various inflammatory and immune reaction. Mast cells are constantly present in the appendices, and appendix remains one of the common surgical specimens received at pathology laboratory. Mast cells could be one of the important cell population responsible for nerve proliferation and hypertrophy in cases with clinically and histopathologically diagnosed appendicitis.  Material and methods: The study was done on 100 surgically resected specimens of appendix received for routine histopathological evaluation at the Department of Pathology, Government  Medical College, Bhavnagar, between June 2018 and May 2019. All appendices surgically resected as a therapeutic measure for clinically suspected appendicitis included. Cases of  normal appendix and acute gangrenous appendicitis were excluded from the study. The appendices were assessed for their histological changes and density of mast cell infiltration. The mast cells were counted in 1% toluidine blue stained sections. Results:  Out of 100 cases of surgically resected appendices, chronic appendicitis was found in 65% of cases and occurred frequently during the second and third decades of life. Highest mast cell count was seen in acute eosinophilic appendicitis and chronic appendicitis. No significant difference was observed in the mean mast cell counts among the different layers of the appendices studied.  Conclusion: Mast cell counts were found to be highest in acute eosinophilic appendicitis and chronic appendicitis. Intermediate mast cell counts were seen in acute appendicitis and acute suppurative appendicitis. Mast cells appear to play roles in accentuation of inflammatory process and fibrosis.

The Inferior Turbinate Mast Cell Population of Patients with Perennial Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilead Berger ◽  
Arnon Goldberg ◽  
Dov Ophir
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Controls

The number of mast cells in the inferior turbinates of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and perennial nonallergic rhinitis was compared with normal controls. Mast cell counts expressed as the mean number in 100 high-power fields, assessed after Carnoy's fixation and toluidine blue staining were 1.84 in normal controls (n = 11), 4.39 in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (n = 13), and 4.00 in those with perennial nonallergic rhinitis (n = 26). Statistical analysis confirmed that the density of mast cells in allergic as well as in nonallergic patients was significantly higher than in normal controls, whereas no significant difference was found between the number of mast cells in allergic and nonallergic patients. It is concluded that the number of mast cells in the inferior turbinate mucosa of patients with perennial rhinitis is increased compared with normal controls, and the increased number is not necessarily allergy-dependent.

scholarly journals Correlation between clinical findings, mast cell count and interleukin 31 immunostaining in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Hess Rodrigues Gonçalves ◽  
Bruna Dantas Matos ◽  
Mariana Batista Rodrigues Faleiro ◽  
Emmanuel Arnhold ◽  
Moema Pacheco Chediak Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Clinical Scores ◽  
Mast Cell Count

ABSTRACT: In this study the correlation between the clinical score, mast cell count and interleukin 31 (IL-31) immunostaining in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis was determined. A total of 31 dogs of different breeds, from one to eight years of age, were chosen for the study. The 20 females and 11 males were categorized based on the CADESI-4 system, as having discrete, moderate or marked atopic dermatitis. Skin samples were collected from the axillary and interdigital regions and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for cytohistomorphological analyses and toluidine blue to evaluate the mast cell counts, and immunohistochemistry for the IL-31 immunostaining. Animals revealing higher atopic dermatitis scores had greater numbers of mast cells and IL-31 immunolabeled cells. More numbers of cells immunolabeled for IL-31 were evident in the axillary skin compared with the interdigital skin in dogs having this condition. A correlation was identified between the clinical scores and mast cell numbers in the interdigital region, as well as between the clinical scores and number of cells immunolabeled for IL-31 in the axillary area. A correlation was also reported between the mast cell numbers and IL-31 immunolabeled cells only in the axillary skin, and none in the interdigital regions. It was thus concluded that the mast cells and IL-31 are involved in the pathogenesis of the canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), as well as lymphocytes and plasma cells. It was also observed that the higher the degree of clinical severity of the disease, the more the numbers of mast cells and IL-31 in the skin of those animals suffering from CAD, which implies the influence of these immunological constituents on the genesis of pruritus and disease progression.

scholarly journals Mast cell quantification in the skin of dogs with hormonal dermatosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Glícia Meneses Costa ◽  
Steffi Lima Araujo ◽  
Francisco Antônio Félix Xavier Júnior ◽  
Glayciane Bezerra de Morais ◽  
João Alison De Moraes Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
High Power ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mast Cell Count ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Superficial Dermis

The mast cells are important in physiological and pathological skin events. They play an important role in the homeostatic regulatory mechanisms in the skin and thyroid gland. Mast cells present a barrier to difference external environmental stimuli and play a mediating role in the presence of infectious agents under the epidermis. This study aimed to quantify the number of mast cells in histological sections of the skin of healthy dogs and dogs with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism and to determine the distribution of mast cell numbers in the superficial dermis and deep dermis.  When we compared the total mast cell count per high power field in dogs with hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism and healthy dogs, only dogs with hypothyroidism had a significant difference in the quantification of mast cells per high power field, (p < 0.05). After analyzing our results, it was possible to conclude that animals with hypothyroidism produce greater amount of mast cells in the superficial dermis than patients with hyperadrenocorticism and healthy animals.

scholarly journals Comparison of mast cell counts between the patients with moderate and severe periodontitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Shirin Fattahi ◽  
Mehrnoosh Sadighi ◽  
Masoume Faramarzi ◽  
Elham Karimifard ◽  
Amirali Mirzaie
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Degradation ◽  
Connective Tissue Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tissue Matrix

Background. The role of mast cells in periodontal tissue degradation has been established. These cells can be efficient in the etiology of periodontitis by participating in gingival homeostasis and releasing cytokines and enzymes, resulting in connective tissue matrix breakdown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the mast cell counts between patients with moderate and severe periodontitis. Methods. This case‒control study was performed on 15 subjects with severe periodontitis and 15 subjects with moderate periodontitis, who needed periodontal surgical treatment. Incisional biopsies were provided during periodontal surgery. Afterward, the mean counts of mast cells were determined after toluidine blue staining of the samples. Finally, data were analyzed with SPSS. Results. The results of this study showed that mast cell counts in severe periodontitis cases were lower than those in moderate periodontitis. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P=0.611). In addition, the mean mast cell counts in males and females did not show a statistically significant difference (P=0.231), although the count was higher in female subjects. Conclusion. Based on the results, no statistically significant differences were found in mast cell counts between subjects with severe periodontitis and those with moderate periodontitis.

Mass cells contribute to O3-induced epithelial damage and proliferation in nasal and bronchial airways of mice

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1322-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Longphre ◽  
L. Y. Zhang ◽  
J. R. Harkema ◽  
S. R. Kleeberger
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
Epithelial Damage ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Air Control

Ozone (O3) exposure produces inflammation in the airways of humans and animal models. However, the mechanism by which O3 affects these changes is uncertain. Mast cells are strategically located below the epithelium of the airways and are capable of releasing a number of proinflammatory mediators. We tested the hypothesis that mast cells contribute to inflammation, epithelial sloughing, and epithelial proliferation in the nasal and terminal bronchiolar murine airways after O3 exposure. Mast cell-sufficient (+/+), mast cell-deficient (W/Wv), and mast cell-repleted [bone marrow-transplanted (BMT) W/Wv] mice were exposed to 2 ppm O3 or filtered air for 3 h. Nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were collected 6 and 24 h after exposure. Differential cell counts and protein content of the lavage fluids were used as indicators of inflammation and permeability changes in the airways. O3-induced epithelial injury was assessed by light microscopy, and O3-induced DNA synthesis in airway epithelium was estimated by using a 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-labeling index in the nasal and terminal bronchiolar epithelia. Relative to air control mice, O3 caused significant increases in inflammation, epithelial injury, and epithelial DNA synthesis in +/+ mice. There was no significant effect of O3 exposure on any measured parameter in the W/Wv mice. To further assess the role of mast cells in O3-induced epithelial damage, mast cells were restored in W/Wv mice by BMT from +/+ congeners. Relative to sham-transplanted W/Wv mice, O3 caused significant increases in epithelial damage and DNA synthesis as well as inflammatory indicators in BMT W/Wv mice. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that mast cells significantly modulate the inflammatory and proliferative responses of the murine airways to O3.

Photoelectric Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Mast-Cell-Associated Enzyme Activity in Human Gingival Tissues

1970 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-486
Author(s):  
F.M. Sorenson ◽  
J.S. Bennett ◽  
D. Fujita ◽  
F.R. Poindexter ◽  
W.B. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Photoelectric Method ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Biologic Activity ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Human Gingiva

Simple counts of mast cells per unit of human gingiva are often difficult to interpret because of the large numbers and varying sizes and shapes of the counted structures. The relatively simple photoelectric scanning method described herein eliminates tedious counting procedures while providing a measure of the relative quantity of stainable mast cell granules within the area scanned. Thus, the method may provide a better estimate of the total biologic activity than would simple mast cell counts.

scholarly journals Quantitation of mast cell heparin by flow cytofluorometry.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1231-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Enerbäck ◽  
G Berlin ◽  
I Svensson ◽  
I Rundquist
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Flow Cytofluorometry ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Mixed Cell Population ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Excellent Reproducibility

Mast cells can be automatically identified in a mixed cell population by flow cytofluorometry after Berberine sulphate staining. Volume specific counts of the total number of cells and number of mast cells, as well as frequency distributions of fluorescence intensities of mast cells, based on a large number of cells, can be rapidly obtained. Results obtained by microscope fluorometry of cells identified by phase contrast microscopy showviously published results it may be inferred that the fluorescence intensity of individual mast cells is proportional to mast cell heparin content. The automated cell counts correlated very well with manual hemocytometer counts. Both cell counts and the determination of mean mast cell fluorescence showed excellent reproducibility.

scholarly journals Increased Mast Cell Counts and Degranulation in Microscopic Colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zhikai Chi ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Romil Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Collagenous Colitis ◽  
Microscopic Colitis ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Mast Cell Count

Objectives. Microscopic colitis (MC) is characterized by chronic diarrhea, normal colonoscopy findings, and mucosal inflammation in colonic biopsies and can be classified as collagenous colitis (CC) or lymphocytic colitis (LC). However, the pathogenesis of MC is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to study mast cell counts and activation in MC. Methods. We investigated 64 biopsy samples from the surgical pathology database of Indiana University Health, which met the diagnostic criteria for CC or LC along with 20 control samples collected from 2014 to 2015. The specimens were used for the quantification of mast cells by examining the presence of intracellular and extracellular tryptase by immunohistochemistry. Results. In the lamina propria, the mast cell count was higher in both CC and LC groups than the control (mean highest count, 39/high-power field (HPF) vs. 30/HPF vs. 23/HPF; P<0.01). Extracellular tryptase was present in 10% of control subjects as compared to 41% of CC (P<0.05) and 60% of LC (P<0.001) patients. When LC patients were stratified into two groups with either <80% or >80% of fragments affected by inflammation, increased mast cell counts are only observed in the >80% involvement group compared with the control, but not the <80% involvement group. Conclusions. The increased mast cell count and degranulation are identified in MC, suggesting that mast cell activation might be involved in the pathogenesis of MC.

SKIN HEPARIN LEVELS AND POSTHEPARIN PLASMA CLEARING FACTOR LIPASE LEVELS IN IRRADIATED ADRENALECTOMIZED AND CORTISONE-TREATED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1901-1906
Author(s):  
Frank C. Monkhouse ◽  
Donald G. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Peritoneal Mast Cell ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Mast Cell Count ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

Experiments were carried out to determine whether changes in endogenous heparin in rat tissues were related to changes in plasma levels of clearing factor lipase (CFL). Skin heparin levels, postheparin plasma CFL levels, and peritoneal mast cell counts were measured in normal, adrenalectomized, cortisone-treated, and X-irradiated rats. Total body X-irradiation in doses of 400 r to 600 r decreased skin heparin levels. The postheparin CFL levels of irradiated rats remained high while that of pair-fed controls dropped significantly. Cortisone treatment for 6 days caused an increase in plasma CFL levels in both intact and adrenalectomized rats but no significant change in skin heparin levels or mast cell count. Adrenalectomy caused no significant change in either postheparin CFL or skin heparin levels.

scholarly journals Enterochromaffin Cells and Mast Cells in Acute Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Bhavya P. Mohan ◽  
K.P. Aravindan
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Ec Cells

Abstract Background and Objective Serotonin levels are increased in acute appendicitis. We investigated the possible source of this increase. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution and density of epithelial and nonepithelial enterochromaffin (EC) cells as well as numbers of degranulated and nondegranulated mast cells in different layers of normal appendices and acute appendicitis. Methods Sections from 15 cases of acute appendicitis and 10 cases where the appendix was morphologically normal were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Toluidine blue, and immunohistochemically for chromogranin and CD-117. EC cells stained by chromogranin were counted per crypt and extraepithelial EC cells counted and expressed as cells per unit area (mm2). Mast cells stained by Toluidine blue and CD-117 were counted in lamina propria, submucosa, and muscle layers. The difference between Toluidine blue and CD117 stained mast cells was taken to be an estimate of degranulated cells. The cell counts were expressed per unit area (mm2) as well as per cross-sectional area of the appendix. Results There was no statistically significant difference in epithelial and extraepithelial EC cells between acute appendicitis and normal appendix. Estimated mast cell degranulation as indicated by mast cell counts per cross-sectional area is greatly increased in acute appendicitis when compared with normal. Conclusion Degranulated mast cells rather than EC cells may be the main source of raised serotonin in acute appendicitis.

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