scholarly journals Incorporating Structure and Stochasticity in Muscadine Grape Enterprise Budget and Investment Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastain N. Awondo ◽  
Esendugue Greg Fonsah ◽  
Dennis J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Investment Analysis ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Elasticity Of Demand ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stochastic Framework ◽  
Enterprise Budget ◽  
Muscadine Grape

We developed and investigated a stochastic farm enterprise budget framework that properly accounts for uncertainty in estimates used for investment decisions and structural dependency between yields and prices, which is generally absent in traditional (nonstochastic) budgets. In the first stage, we developed a traditional enterprise budget based on theoretical and accounting methods recommended by the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA) Task Force on Commodity Costs and Returns. In the second stage, we developed a probabilistic framework based on estimates derived from the traditional approach, and extended the approach to a stochastic framework through Monte Carlo simulations under specific price elasticity of demand. We applied the framework to estimate the costs, revenues, and conducted investment analysis of producing muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) in Georgia using a single-trellis system. Finally, we compared results derived from both approaches and revealed muscadine grape production and marketing to be an economically sound investment under multiple scenarios. Overall, the confidence placed on traditional budget estimates and investment outcomes was found to be overestimated at least 3-fold. This suggests that the true uncertainty in the returns and profitability of the business is grossly underestimated, erroneously painting a more promising outlook of investing in muscadine grape production.

Antioxidant Activity of Selected Stilbenoids and Their Bioproduction in Hairy Root Cultures of Muscadine Grape (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (48) ◽  
pp. 11744-11758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Nopo-Olazabal ◽  
John Hubstenberger ◽  
Luis Nopo-Olazabal ◽  
Fabricio Medina-Bolivar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Muscadine Grape

Abstract P190: Long-term Intake of Muscadine Grape Extract Markedly Improves Exercise Capacity in Older Female (mRen2)27 Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A’ja V Duncan ◽  
Wayne Graham ◽  
Liliya Yamaleyeva ◽  
Patricia E Gallagher ◽  
E. Ann A Tallant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Grape Extract ◽  
Dependent Model ◽  
Muscadine Grape

Muscadine grapes ( Vitis rotundifolia ) contain significant levels of polyphenols and their antioxidant capacity may have cardiovascular benefit. We determined the cardiovascular effects of a water soluble muscadine grape extract (MGE) from Piedmont Research & Development Corporation (PRDC, Winston-Salem, NC) that we confirmed has a high content of epicatechin, gallic acid, ellagic acid and procyanidin B2. We hypothesize that this soluble MGE with a potentially high phenolic bioavailability exhibits cardioprotective actions. The effect of long-term MGE intake on blood pressure, cardiac function and exercise tolerance was established in female and male hemizygous (mRen2)27 [mRen2] transgenic rats, an Ang II-AT 1 R-dependent model of hypertension. The mRen2 were administered MGE (8 mg of total phenolics/mL) in the drinking water for 26 weeks (7 female; 7 male); control rats (9 female; 11 male) were given water only. At 40 weeks of age, exercise tolerance was assessed by treadmill (10.2 m x min -1 , 5% inclination). The MGE-treated female mRen2 exhibited a >300% improvement in workload ( W: g X m ) as compared to the untreated group [14551 ± 1313 vs. 4498 ± 481; p<0.01]. MGE intake also extended the time to fatigue (TTF) by 300% in females (4943 ± 443 vs.1615 ± 166 sec; p<0.01). In contrast, chronic intake of MGE had no effect on either exercise workload or TTF in the male mRen2. MGE intake did not alter systolic blood pressure in females (162 ± 3 vs. 166 ± 6 mm Hg, p>0.05) and males (165 ± 5 vs. 160 ± 3 mm Hg) nor alter body weight in either group [females: 334 ± 7 g vs. 339 ± 8 g; males: 613 ± 12 g vs. 590 ± 6 g). Echocardiographic analyses revealed that although the female mRen2 exhibited a higher ejection fraction [73.4±5.1 vs. 42.3±4.5%, n=4-5, p<0.05] and a higher fractional shortening [44.2±4.2 vs. 22.1±2.7%, n=4-5, p<0.05] as compared to males, MGE treatment did not improve these indices in either group. We conclude that the marked improvement in exercise capacity in older adult hypertensive females by chronic MGE intake is not accompanied by augmented cardiac performance, perhaps reflecting the lack of an effect on blood pressure. Thus, it is possible that MGE may directly impact the skeletal muscle to improve exercise in the hypertensive mRen2 females, but not the males.

scholarly journals Preliminary study of the antioxidant activity of Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grape) extracts using different methods

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pina ◽  
Alexis Tapanes-Castillo ◽  
Cristina Balistreri ◽  
Daniel Russo ◽  
Trevaun Williams
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Muscadine Grape

High-density linkage maps and loci for berry color and flower sex in muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 1571-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Lewter ◽  
Margaret L. Worthington ◽  
John R. Clark ◽  
Aruna V. Varanasi ◽  
Lacy Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Muscadine Grape

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Muscadine Grape by Axillary Shoot Proliferation

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Lee ◽  
Hazel Y. Wetzstein
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Better Than

Plantlets were recovered from axillary bud cultures of muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia, `Summit'). Nodal segments 0.5 to 1.0 cm long were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 5, 10, 20, or 40 μm BA. Best total shoot production was obtained with 10 μm BA; with higher BA levels, shoots were unexpanded and exhibited high mortalities. MS medium supplemented with IBA enhanced rooting by increasing rooting percentage and number per plantlet. Shoots previously proliferated on medium with 5 μm BA rooted significantly better than those multiplied on 10 μM BA. Shoot vigor during rooting was greater in shoots proliferated on 5 vs. 10 μm BA. Root development was not significantly affected by liquid vs. agar-solidifted medium or shoot length. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl) -1H-purin-6-amine (BA), 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Fruit Anthocyanin Profile and Berry Color of Muscadine Grape Cultivars and Muscadinia Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Conner ◽  
Dan MacLean
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Germplasm Analysis ◽  
Promising Source

Anthocyanin content and composition and CIE 1976 (L*, a*, b*) color space (CIELAB) color coordinates were examined for the skin of 22 muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) cultivars and Muscadinia Planch germplasm. Analysis of berry skin extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determined that anthocyanin content varied from less than 100 μg·g−1 in bronze and pink berries to over 5500 μg·g−1 in highly pigmented black berries. The anthocyanins delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and malvidin were detected in their 3,5-diglucosidic forms. Analysis of berry color with a colorimeter revealed chroma (C*) ranged from 2.4 to 22.8 with the highest values occurring in bronze- and red-colored berries. As anthocyanin concentration increased, lightness (L*) decreased to a low of 20 to 23 in black-colored berries. Pink and red skin colors were primarily a result of lower levels of total anthocyanins, although there was also a shift away from delphinidin and petunidin production toward more cyanidin and peonidin. Malvidin, the most important anthocyanin for muscadine wine and juice color stability, was only abundant in a few clones, all of which had V. munsoniana (Simpson ex Munson) Small or V. popenoei (Fennell) Small in their pedigree. The interspecific hybrid ‘Fennell’s 3-way Hybrid’ had the largest proportion of malvidin, contributing ≈58% of the total anthocyanin content. This clone also had low levels of delphinidin and high total levels of anthocyanin, making it a promising source for the improvement of muscadine grape pigment profiles.

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