scholarly journals Laboratory Exercises Illustrating Organogenesis and Transformation using Chrysanthemum Cultivars

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-327
Author(s):  
R.N. Trigiano ◽  
R.A. May
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Laboratory Exercise ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Whole Plants

A tissue culture laboratory exercise illustrating regeneration of whole plants from leaf segments of chrysanthemum by organogenesis is described. Using simple, common media, shoots can be generated in 5 weeks and rooted after an additional 3 weeks. Acclimatization of plants can be accomplished in a simple mistbed in the greenhouse. The exercise is adaptable to depict genotype differences among cultivars, optimization of shoot induction, effects of growth regulators, and experimental design. Callus is typically not formed during shoot formation; however, co-cultivation of leaf segments with a virulent strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens produces callus with a strain of disarmed A. tumefaciens harboring NPTII construct affects regeneration of plants resistant to kanamycin.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Pandoreas

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Latha Kancherla ◽  
Prem L. Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium

Pandoreas, Australian natives of horticultural significance, were successfully propagated using tissue culture. A protocol for rapid in vitro multiplication of commercial cultivars was developed using nodal segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing either BA or kinetin. Maximum shoot induction and number of shoots per explant for P. pandorana (Andrews) Steenis and P. jasminoides (Lindley) Schumann were on 8.8 μm BA and 4.6 μm kinetin. Higher levels of cytokinin in the medium inhibited shoot formation. Tissue-cultured shoots were rooted with IBA. This study demonstrates that Pandoreas can be successfully micropropagated. Chemical names used: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 3-indole butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Induction of Barangan Banana shoot (Musa acuminata L.) from North Nias through Tissue Culture by giving 2,4-D and Kinetin

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Destarius Zebua ◽  
Suci Rahayu ◽  
Saleha Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Banana Weevil ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Basal Position

The research on induction of banana barangan shoot (Musa acuminata L.) from North Nias through tissue culture by giving 2,4-D and kinetin was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue Culture  University of North Sumatera from May until October 2014. The main objective of this research was to know the explants of banana weevil in apical and basal position with growth regulator 2,4-D with kinetin which are able to induce shoots from callus initials. On this research, the treatment tested for induction of shoots was growth regulators 2,4-D in the concentration 0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 1,5 mg/L, 2 mg/L and 2,5 mg/L with growth regulators kinetin in the concentration 0 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 7 mg/L and 8 mg/L. The research was designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factorial with repetition of experiment. The results of research showed that the interaction between concentration of 2,5 mg/L 2,4-D with 5 mg/L kinetin was fastest (79 days) forming the shoot derived from explant basal part. The concentration of 2,5 mg/L 2,4-D with 5 mg/L kinetin produced the average number of shoots formed for 3.00 and average number of highest shoots for 1.50 cm. Keywords: Musa acuminata, weevil, initiation, callus, shoot, induction, barangan banana, 2,4-D, kinetin.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Natalia Miler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Gold ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Callus Induction and Regeneration of Amygdalus communis

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Naimeh SHARIFMOGHADAM ◽  
Abbas SAFARNEJAD ◽  
Sayed Mohammad TABATABAEI
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Amygdalus Communis

The Almond (Amygdalus communis) is one of the most important and oldest commercial nut crops, belonging to the Rosaceae family. Almond has been used as base material in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, hygienically and food industry. Propagation by tissue culture technique is the most important one in woody plants. In the current research, in vitro optimization of tissue culture and mass production of almond was investigated. In this idea, explants of actively growing shoots were collected and sterilized, then transferred to MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. The experiment was done in completely randomized blocks design, with 7 treatment and 30 replications. After 4 weeks, calli induction, proliferation, shoot length and number of shoot per explants were measured. Results showed that the best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was MS + 0.5 mg/l IAA (Indol-3-Acetic Acid) + 1 mg/l BA (Benzyl Adenine). Autumn was the best season for collecting explants. The shoots were transferred to root induction medium with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best root induction medium was MS + 0.5 mg/l IBA (Indol Butyric Acid).

Transmission of nopaline crown gall tumour markers through meiosis in regenerated whole plants of Bidens alba

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Norton ◽  
G. H. N. Towers
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Tumour Marker ◽  
Mendelian Inheritance ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Crown Gall Tumour ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Auxin Autotrophy

Results show the feasibility of regenerating rooting Bidens alba plants from nopaline-type crown galls incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing pTi-T37. Transmission of the tumour marker nopaline synthesis is demonstrated into the fourth generation but decreases in level of expression or loss of the trait occurs. Nopaline synthesis and auxin autotrophy, as markers, can also be differentially lost, making it difficult to demonstrate Mendelian inheritance. Formation of octopine-type tumours on nopaline positive plants occurs in a high percentage of inoculations. Transformed plants show several morphological traits which distinguish them from normal plants: they are smaller, have decreased apical dominance, show hypertrophy of the hypocotyl region, lower nodes, and petiole bases, and frequently form an extra spur of tissue in ray flowers.

scholarly journals PROPAGATION STRATEGIES OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS L. A PORTENTOUS MEDICINAL PLANT EMPLOYING TISSUE CULTURE TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Jamuna S ◽  
Anjali B ◽  
Karthika K
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Juvenile Explants ◽  
Culture Technology

A protocol for micropropagation of Tribulus terrestris, an important medicinal herb was established using juvenile explants viz., leaf, node and internode. All the explants were tested for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium, supplemented with BAP, NAA and 2,4-D. Among the three explants leaf explant responded well (98%) for the callus induction in the MS medium composted with BAP and NAA (4.0 and 0.5 mg/L) followed by the nodal segments (58.75%) in the same medium. Maximum number of shoot induction from the callus of leaf derived explants (91.1%) was perceived on MS medium fortified with BAP 4.0 mg/L and NAA (0.5 mg/L). Moreover, root elongation and profuse rooting percentage (77.19%) were achieved when the well-grown shoots were cultured on MS media supplemented with IAA (2.0 mg/L) for leaf callus derived shoots. The regenerated plantlets were hardened and established at 80% survival rate in hardening media encompassed with red soil, sand and vermicompost in the ratio of 1:1:1 by volume.

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