scholarly journals Integrated Weed Management in Potato Using Straw Mulch and Atrazine

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makhan S. Bhullar ◽  
Simerjeet Kaur ◽  
Tarundeep Kaur ◽  
Amit J. Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Straw Mulch

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of four major food crops in the world. Weed control is a major component in potato production and has been accomplished using different methods, including but not limited to the use of herbicides and straw mulch. A combination of preemergence herbicide and straw mulch may improve weed control; however, no information is available for combining both methods, along with their effects on weed control, weed density, and potato tuber yields. The objective of this study was to evaluate weed control in potato using atrazine or straw mulch applied alone at different rates or in combination. A field experiment was conducted for 4 years from 2006 to 2010 in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Common weeds included burclover (Medicago arabica), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis), swinecress (Coronopus didymus), and toothed dock (Rumex dentatus). Results suggested that atrazine applied alone was not very effective and resulted in 0% to 78% control depending on the weed species being investigated at 30 days after treatment (DAT). Straw mulch applied alone at any rate provided ≥90% control of toothed dock, but control of other weed species was variable. A combination of atrazine and straw mulch at any rate usually resulted in >90% weed control at 30 DAT, except for swinecress and purple nutsedge. This treatment combination also resulted in weed density as low as 0 plant/m2 for common lambsquarters, scarlet pimpernel, and toothed dock. Potato tuber weight and yield was significantly higher in all treatments compared with untreated control without difference among them. It is concluded that a combination of straw mulch and atrazine can provide effective weed control in potato.

Effects of crop rotation and field management methods on weed density and species composition in the southeastern part of Latvia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Jevgenija Ņečajeva ◽  
Zane Mintāle ◽  
Ieva Dudele ◽  
Anda Isoda-Krasovska ◽  
Jolanta Čūrišķe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Field Management

<p class="R-AbstractKeywords"><span lang="EN-GB">Integrated weed management (IWM) is a complex approach to weed control that is based on use of several different methods complementing each other, instead of relying on one single method, like chemical weed control. Weed control methods that can be used as parts of IWM strategy include mechanical weed control, application of herbicides, low tillage, changes in the rate and application time of fertilizers, use of undersown crops and crop rotation. Weed surveys were carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the southeastern part of Latvia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of crop rotation and other field management practices on weed density and weed species composition using the data collected in the surveys. Survey was carried out in the arable fields of conventional farms within four different size categories. One of the significant factors that explained the variation of weed composition within a field was a proportion of cereals in crop rotation within a four year period. Further surveys are required to estimate the effects of climatic variables. Density-dependence can also be important for practical management decisions for particular weed species and should be investigated.</span></p>

scholarly journals Combate de coyolillo (Cyperus rotundus) en caña de azúcar (Saccharum off'icinarum L.): hacia un manejo integral.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Carlos Segura N. ◽  
Renán Agüero A.
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
History Of Agriculture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tillage Treatment

Weed control is an important component of the production cost of sugarcane thus, it should be performed in a rational manner. The history of agriculture is rich i examples that confirm the integrated weed management(IWM) strategy as the most sustainable. An experiment comparing herbicides herbicides-tillage, tillage, and band control against whole area control was conductedin a field with ahistory ofhigh infestations of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Pyrazosulfuron-etil preemergence to the crop folIowed by 2,4-D postemergence to the crop showed a population of the weed similar to the glyphosate/tillage treatment as well as to the tillage/tillage treatment, in alI cases, significantly lower than the weedy check. Weed control over the whole area was equivalent to weed control in bands of 25 cm to each side of the crop rows in terms of crop yield. Other alternatives that might be used as part of an integrated weed management in conjunction with the best treatments found in this experiment are discussed.

Decision Rules for Postemergence Control of Pigweed (Amaranthusspp.) in Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dieleman ◽  
Allan S. Hamill ◽  
Glenn C. Fox ◽  
Clarence J. Swanton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Control Decision

Weed control decision rules were derived for the application of postemergence herbicides to control pigweed species in soybean. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate soybean-pigweed interference. A damage function was determined that related yield loss to time of pigweed emergence, density, and soybean weed-free yield. A control function described pigweed species response to variable doses of imazethapyr and thifensulfuron. The integration of these two functions formed the basis of an economic model used to derive two weed control decision rules, the biologist's “threshold weed density” and the economist's “optimal dose.” Time of weed emergence had a more significant role than weed density in the economic model. Later-emerging pigweed caused less yield loss and therefore, decision rules lead to overuse of herbicides if emergence time is not considered. The selected herbicide dose influenced the outcome of the control function. Depending on the desired level of weed control, a herbicide could be chosen to either eradicate the escaped weed species (label or biologically-effective doses) or reduce the growth of the weed species and thereby offset interference (optimal dose). The development of a biologically-effective dose by weed species matrix was recommended. Decision rules should not be utilized as an exclusive weed management strategy but rather as a component of an integrated weed management program.

The effects of weed density and different weed control applications on yield and yield components of chickpea cultivars

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melih Yilar Omer Sozen ◽  
Ufuk Karadavut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Control Applications ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Plot Design

This study was conducted to determine the effects of weed density and different weed control treatments on chickpea yield and yield components. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with 3 replications in experimental fields of Kirsehir Ahi Evran University during 2016 and 2017 crop seasons. Total nine treatments (no weed control, permanent weed control, one-time hoeing, two-time hoeing, three-time hoeing, herbicide application after emergence, one-time hoeing with herbicide application, two-time hoeing with herbicide application and three-time hoeing with herbicide application) were compared to know the most effective weed control method. Vaccaria pyramidata Medik., Sinapis arvensis L., Acroptilon repens L. weed species were found to be the most intense in the experimental area. All weed control applications had significant effect on chickpea yield and yield components compared to weedy plots. Three-time hoeing with herbicide application increased the yield by 361.55-478.50% compared to weedy plots. Likewise, three-time hoeing application even increased the yield by 348.50-357.09% compared to weedy plots. The results revealed that three-time hoeing with herbicide and three-time hoeing applications stood out in weed management to obtain a good yield in chickpea cultivation at Kirsehir province.

Weed control in soybean using pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Belfry ◽  
Kristen E. McNaughton ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Glycine Max L

Belfry, K. D., McNaughton, K. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2015. Weed control in soybean using pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1199–1204. Pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone are new herbicides currently being evaluated for weed control in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in Ontario, Canada. Seven experiments were conducted over a 3-yr period (2011 to 2013) at Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario, to evaluate weed management using pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone and their tank-mixes relative to the industry standard, imazethapyr plus metribuzin. Tank-mixing pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone provided up to 97, 46, 60, 100 and 71% control of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.], Powell amaranth [Amaranthus powellii (S.) Wats.] and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.), respectively, at 2 wk after treatment. Control with pyroxasulfone and sulfentrazone was improved when tank-mixed, relative to application of each herbicide separately. Although control was variable across weed species, no difference in control was identified between pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone and imazethapyr plus metribuzin. Soybean yield was up to 2.7, 2.4 and 2.9 t ha−1 for pyroxasulfone, sulfentrazone and pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone application, yet imazethapyr plus metribuzin provided the highest yield (3.3 t ha−1). This research demonstrates that pyroxasulfone plus sulfentrazone may be used as a valuable weed control option in soybean; however, weed community composition may limit herbicidal utility.

scholarly journals Studies on weed cover and diversity in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) as influenced by weed management and balanced fertilization techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-395
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Nagar ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Chenopodium Murale ◽  
Balanced Fertilization ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted to analyze the types of flora, intensity, cover and effects on yields of coriander. Pooled analysis of data indicated that Goose foot (Chenopodium murale L.), Corn spurry (Spergula arvensis L.) among dicots and Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) among monocots were found most dominant weeds at all stages of crop growth. Of the total eight weed species reported dicot weeds were found most dominating weed species and comprises 78-80 percent of total weed density throughout crop cycle. All weed management practices significantly reduced the density of monocot and dicot weeds and improved the yield (seed and biological yield) of crop as compared to control. Two hand weeding at 30 and 45 DAS resulted in maximum reduction in total weed density and gave the highest seed (15.84 q/ha) and biological yield (41.11 q/ha) of coriander. However, seed and biological yields was obtained at par by pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + one hand weeding at 45 DAS. This treatment also resulted in favorably lowest weed competition index as compared to rest of other practices. Balanced fertilization with N+P+K+S also improved monocot and dicot weed density but the effect was not significant over N+P and N+P+K fertilization. N+P+K+S fertilization significantly enhanced crop seed and biological yields over N+P (1.86 q/ha and 4.36 q/ha, respectively) and N+P+K application (0.94 q/ha and 2.20 q/ha, respectively). Weed management and balanced fertilization practices also found to have significant interaction effect on seed and biological yield of coriander.

Influence of application timing and herbicide rate on the efficacy of tolpyralate plus atrazine

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 448-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan A. Metzger ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Alan J. Raeder ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Equivalent Control

AbstractEffective POST herbicides and herbicide mixtures are key components of integrated weed management in corn; however, herbicides vary in their efficacy based on application timing. Six field experiments were conducted over 2 yr (2017–2018) in southwestern Ontario, Canada, to determine the effects of herbicide application timing and rate on the efficacy of tolpyralate, a new 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor. Tolpyralate at 15, 30, or 40 g ai ha−1 in combination with atrazine at 500 or 1,000 g ai ha−1 was applied PRE, early POST, mid-POST, or late POST. Tolpyralate + atrazine at rates ≥30 + 1,000 g ha−1 provided equivalent control of common lambsquarters and Powell amaranth applied PRE or POST, whereas no rate applied PRE controlled common ragweed, velvetleaf, barnyardgrass, or green foxtail. Common ragweed, common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, and Powell amaranth were controlled equally regardless of POST timing. In contrast, control of barnyardgrass and green foxtail declined when herbicide application was delayed to the late-POST timing, irrespective of herbicide rate. Similarly, corn grain yield declined within each tolpyralate + atrazine rate when herbicide applications were delayed to late-POST timing. Overall, the results of this study indicate that several monocot and dicot weed species can be controlled with tolpyralate + atrazine with an early to mid-POST herbicide application timing, before weeds reach 30 cm in height, and Powell amaranth and common lambsquarters can also be controlled PRE. Additionally, this study provides further evidence highlighting the importance of effective, early-season weed control in corn.

Initial Weed Densities Affect No-Tillage Weed Management with a Rye (Secale cereale) Cover Crop

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga A. Zasada ◽  
H. Michael Linker ◽  
Harold D. Coble
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Control Effectiveness

The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of different initial weed densities on weed control effectiveness in no-tillage corn at two locations in North Carolina during 1994 and 1995. Different weed densities were established over a 4-year period (1989–1992) by using various weed management strategies. Resultant density levels were estimated and used to establish high and low weed density plots. Treatments applied were PRE, POST, at-planting, and an untreated control. Weed density estimates were made 37 and 57 DAP. Common lambsquarters at low densities (20 to 40 weeds/m2) was controlled with the cover crop alone, but common lambsquarters at high densities (150 to 170 weeds/m2) and redroot pigweed at any density were not controlled. POST herbicides reduced weed densities as well as the PRE herbicides, regardless of initial weed densities.

Assessment of allelopathic compounds to develop new natural herbicides : A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Mst. Motmainna ◽  
Abdul Shukor B ◽  
Juraimi Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Norhayu Binti Asib ◽  
AKM Mominul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Weed Resistance ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

Herbicides are a crucial tool for weed control in crops. However, their continuous and indiscriminate uses have caused environmental pollution and development of weed resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need to minimise the dependence on synthetic herbicides. Allelopathy may be used to develop new bioherbicides to inhibit germination and growth of weeds. There is a great potential to develop eco-friendly herbicides from plants, but little research has been done so far in this context. Identification and quantification of natural weed control compounds (allelochemicals) of plants may help to develop natural herbicides (based on indigenous/invasive weed species), to reduce the dependence on synthetic herbicides and improve the integrated weed management programme in crops. This review describes thepotential allelochemicals present in plants, which may be used as a tool to develop new natural herbicides.

Pathogens as Mechanisms for Integrated Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Quimby ◽  
H. L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Cost

A need exists to manage or manipulate plant pathogens for biocontrol of weeds in row crops. Many weed species remain refractory to conventional weed-control technology. Some of these weeds occur in the same families as important crops and are resistant or tolerant to many of the herbicides that are applied for weed control within those crops. Preemergence treatments are needed for some weed species for which only postemergence treatments are now available. The cost of controlling some weeds is so prohibitive that many farmers will not spend the necessary money; therefore, more economical control is needed.

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