scholarly journals Evaluation of Peach Cultivars in Cool, Mesic Ullensvang, Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 618-622
Author(s):  
Mekjell Meland ◽  
Oddmund Frøynes ◽  
Clive Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Leaf Curl

In a cool, maritime Nordic climate, where fruit have been grown for many centuries, 13 early maturing peach (Prunus persica) cultivars from northern European climates were evaluated over a 6-year period. Peach leaf curl (Taphrina deformans) was the main disease affecting production. The most consistent yielding cultivar was Riga with 5.74 kg/tree in 2009, 2.06 kg/tree in 2010, and 4.71 kg/tree in 2011. Harnas yielded 6.93 kg/tree in 2010, but had very low yields in 2009 and no yield at all in 2011. ‘Harnas’ fruit quality was excellent when compared with all other cultivars, but trees were extremely susceptible to peach leaf curl. ‘Riga’ was somewhat tolerant of peach leaf curl but flowered early. We conclude that none of the cultivars tested are suitable for commercial production. However, looking forward, both ‘Riga’ and ‘Harnas’ may be suitable for commercial tunnel production and home gardens. Furthermore, ‘Harnas’ and ‘Riga’ could be considered for use in future breeding programs for this cool, mesic Nordic climate.

scholarly journals Growth of Immature Peach Embryos in Response to Media, Ovule Support Method, and Ovule Perforation

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1081-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto C.Q. Pinto ◽  
Suzanne M. Dethier Rogers ◽  
David H. Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
High Sucrose ◽  
Medium Formulation

The influence of medium formulation, methods of ovule support, and ovule perforation on in vitro growth of immature peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] embryos (4.0 to 8.7 mm long) was investigated. Maximum embryo dry weights were attained with vermiculite support, ovule perforation, and 10% sucrose in the medium. At high sucrose levels, all three tested media (Monnier, modified Murashige and Skoog, or modified Stewart and Hsu medium) performed similarly. Adding IAA and kinetin to culture media did not enhance embryo growth. Using the vermiculite support system, small embryos of early maturing peach cultivars, obtained at fruit maturity, were cultured successfully and used as maternal parents in breeding programs. Chemical name used: indole acetic acid (IAA).

scholarly journals Molecular Insights of Fruit Quality Traits in Peaches, Prunus persica

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2191
Author(s):  
Karpagam Veerappan ◽  
Sathishkumar Natarajan ◽  
Hoyong Chung ◽  
Junhyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
Softening Process ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Fleshy fruits are the most demanded fruits because of their organoleptic qualities and nutritional values. The genus Prunus is a rich source of diversified stone/drupe fruits such as almonds, apricots, plums, sweet cherries, peaches, and nectarines. The fruit-ripening process in Prunus involves coordinated biochemical and physiological changes resulting in changes in fruit texture, aroma gain, color change in the pericarp, sugar/organic acid balance, fruit growth, and weight gain. There are different varieties of peaches with unique palatable qualities and gaining knowledge in the genetics behind these quality traits helps in seedling selection for breeding programs. In addition, peaches have shorter post-harvest life due to excessive softening, resulting in fruit quality reduction and market loss. Many studies have been executed to understand the softening process at the molecular level to find the genetic basis. To summarize, this review focused on the molecular aspects of peach fruit quality attributes and their related genetics to understand the underlying mechanisms.

Response of Early, Medium, and Late Maturing Peanut Breeding Lines to Field Epidemics of Tomato Spotted Wilt

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
J. W. Todd ◽  
D. W. Gorbet ◽  
S. L. Brown ◽  
J. A. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Oleic Acid ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Maturity Groups

Abstract Epidemics of tomato spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV), were monitored in field plots of runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars Georgia Green and Georgia Runner and numerous breeding lines from four different breeding programs as part of efforts toward characterizing breeding lines with potential for release as cultivars. Breeding lines were divided into early, medium and late maturity groups. The tests were conducted near Attapulgus, GA and Marianna, FL in 1997 and in Tifton, GA and Marianna, FL in 1998. Epidemics in some early and medium maturing breeding lines, including some genotypes with high oleic acid oil chemistry, were comparable to those in Georgia Green, the cultivar most frequently used in the southeastern U.S. for suppression of spotted wilt epidemics. No early maturing breeding lines had lower spotted wilt final intensity ratings or higher yields than Georgia Green. However, spotted wilt intensity ratings in some late maturing lines and a smaller number of medium maturing lines were significantly lower than those of Georgia Green. Several of those lines also produced greater pod yields than Georgia Green. Results from these experiments indicated that there is potential for improving management of spotted wilt though development of cultivars that suppress spotted wilt epidemics more than currently available cultivars. There was no indication that differences in spotted wilt ratings corresponded to differences in numbers of thrips adults or larvae.

scholarly journals Mapping and Characterization QTLs for Phenological Traits in Seven Pedigree-connected Peach Families

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zena Rawandoozi ◽  
Timothy Hartmann ◽  
Silvia Carpenedo ◽  
Ksenija Gasic ◽  
Cassia da Silva Linge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Large Tree ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Functional Alleles ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Marker Identification

Abstract BackgroundEnvironmental adaptation and expanding harvest seasons are primary goals of most peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding programs. Breeding perennial crops is a challenging task due to their long breeding cycles and large tree size. Pedigree-based analysis using pedigreed families followed by haplotype construction creates a platform for QTL and marker identification, validation, and the use of marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.ResultsPhenotypic data of seven F1 low to medium chill full-sib families were collected over two years at two locations and genotyped using the 9K SNP Illumina array. Three QTLs were discovered for bloom date (BD) and mapped on linkage group 1 (LG1) (172 – 182 cM), LG4 (48 – 54 cM), and LG7 (62 – 70 cM), explaining 17-54%, 11-55%, and 11-18% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The QTL for ripening date (RD) and fruit development period (FDP) on LG4 was co-localized at the central part of LG4 (40 - 46 cM) and explained between 40-75% of the phenotypic variance. Haplotype analyses revealed SNP haplotypes and predictive SNP marker(s) associated with desired QTL alleles and the presence of multiple functional alleles with different effects for a single locus for RD and FDP.ConclusionsA multiple pedigree-linked families approach validated major QTLs for the three key phenological traits which were reported in previous studies across diverse materials, geographical distributions, and QTL mapping methods. Haplotype characterization of these genomic regions differentiates this study from the previous QTL studies. Our results will provide the peach breeder with the haplotypes for three BD QTLs and one RD/FDP QTL for the creation of predictive DNA-based molecular marker tests to select parents and/or seedlings that have desired QTL alleles and cull unwanted genotypes in early seedling stages.

scholarly journals Genome-wide comparative analysis of the BAHD superfamily in seven Rosaceae species and expression analysis in pear (Pyrus☓ bretschneideri)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxin Liu ◽  
Xin Qiao ◽  
Qionghou Li ◽  
Weiwei Zeng ◽  
Shuwei Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Rosaceae Species ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background: The BAHD acyltransferase superfamily exhibits various biological roles in plants, including regulating fruit quality, catalytic synthesizing of terpene, phenolics and esters, and improving stress resistance. However, the copy numbers, expression characteristics and associations with fruit aroma formation of the BAHD genes remain unclear. Results: In total, 717 BAHD genes were obtained from the genomes of seven Rosaceae , ( Pyrus bretschneideri , Malus domestica , Prunus avium , Prunus persica , Fragaria vesca , Pyrus communis and Rubus occidentalis ). Based on the detailed phylogenetic analysis and classifications in model plants, we divided the BAHD family genes into seven groups, I-a, I-b, II-a, II-b, III-a, IV and V. An inter-species synteny analysis revealed the ancient origin of BAHD superfamily with 78 syntenic gene pairs were detected among the seven Rosaceae species. Different types of gene duplication events jointly drive the expansion of BAHD superfamily, and purifying selection dominates the evolution of BAHD genes supported by the small Ka/Ks ratios . Based on the correlation analysis between the ester content and expression levels of BAHD genes at different developmental stages, four candidate genes were selected for verification as assessed by qRT-PCR. The result implied that Pbr020016.1 , Pbr019034.1 , Pbr014028.1 and Pbr029551.1 are important candidate genes involved in aroma formation during pear fruit development. Conclusion: We have thoroughly identified the BAHD superfamily genes and performed a comprehensive comparative analysis of their phylogenetic relationships, expansion patterns, and expression characteristics in seven Rosaceae species, and we also obtained four candidate genes involved in aroma synthesis in pear fruit . These results provide a theoretical basis for future studies of the specific biological functions of BAHD superfamily members and the improvement of pear fruit quality. Keywords : BAHD, pear, evolution, Rosaceae, transcriptome, volatile esters

scholarly journals Peach Fruit Quality Is Affected by Shade during Final Swell of Fruit Growth

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Marini ◽  
Donald Sowers ◽  
Michele Choma Marini
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
The Relationship

Girdled or nongirdled `Biscoe' peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) secondary scaffold branches were covered with shade fabric to provide a range of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) from 44 to 20 days before harvest (DBH), from 20 to 0 DBH or 44 to 0 DBH. Fruit quality was affected differently by the various periods of shade during the final swell of fruit development. Shading 40 to 20 DBH did not affect fruit weight or quality, whereas shading 44 to 0 DBH had the greatest effect on fruit weight and quality. Fruit quality was generally similar on branches exposed to 100% and 45% incident PPFD (IPPFD). Fruit on” girdled branches generally responded to shade more than fruit on nongirdled branches. Fruit weight was positively related to percent IPPFD for girdfed but not nongirdled branches shaded 20 to 0 DBH and 44 to DBH. On nongirdled branches, fruit exposed to 45% IPPFD for 44 to 0 DBH had 14% less red color and 21% lower soluble solids content (SSC) than nonshaded fruit. Harvest was delayed >10 days and preharvest fruit drop was increased by shading to <23% IPPFD. Shading branches for 20 to 0 or 44 to 0 DBH altered the relationship between flesh firmness and ground color: Firmness declined as ground color changed from green to yellow for fruit shaded 44 to 20 DBH, but firmness declined with little change in ground color for fruit shaded 20 to 0 or 44 to 0 DBH. Girdling results indicated that fruit weight and SSC partially depended on photosynthate from nonshaded portions of the canopy, whereas fruit redness, days from bloom to harvest, and ground color depended on PPFD in the vicinity of the fruit.

The Influence of Net and Cheesecloth Cover on Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) Trees

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-520
Author(s):  
Justus M. Onguso . ◽  
Fusao Mizutani . ◽  
A.B.M. Sharif Hossai . ◽  
Ali R. El-Shereif .
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Growth Yield

Ultraviolet B irradiation influences the fruit quality and sucrose metabolism of peach (Prunus persica L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 286-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuxu Wang ◽  
Xiling Fu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Lei Huan ◽  
Wenhai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Sucrose Metabolism ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Ultraviolet B Irradiation
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