scholarly journals Influence of Pine Bark Particle Size and pH on Cation Exchange Capacity

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Altland ◽  
James C. Locke ◽  
Charles R. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Maximum Quantity ◽  
Particle Size Classes ◽  
Substrate Ph

Cation exchange capacity (CEC) describes the maximum quantity of cations a soil or substrate can hold while being exchangeable with the soil solution. Although CEC has been studied for peatmoss-based substrates, relatively little work has documented factors that affect CEC of pine bark substrates. The objective of this research was to determine the variability of CEC in different batches of pine bark and determine the influence of particle size, substrate pH, and peat amendment on pine bark CEC. Four batches of nursery-grade pine bark were collected from two nurseries, and a single source of sphagnum moss was obtained, separated in to several particle size classes, and measured for CEC. Pine bark was also amended with varying rates of elemental sulfur and dolomitic limestone to generate varying levels of substrate pH. The CEC varied with pine bark batch. Part of this variation is attributed to differences in particle size of the bark batches. Pine bark and peatmoss CEC increased with decreasing particle size, although the change in CEC from coarse to fine particles was greater with pine bark than peatmoss. Substrate pH from 4.02 to 6.37 had no effect on pine bark CEC. The pine bark batch with the highest CEC had similar CEC to sphagnum peat. Amending this batch of pine bark with sphagnum peat had no effect on composite CEC.

scholarly journals Clinoptilolitic Zeolite as an Amendment for Establishment of Creeping Bentgrass on Sandy Media

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. NUS ◽  
S.E. Brauen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Sphagnum Peat

In a field experiment, clinoptilolitic zeolite was compared to sphagnum peat and sawdust as sand amendments at 5%, 10%, and 209” (v/v) to enhance `Penncross' creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) establishment and to compare their gravimetric and volumetric cation exchange capacities and their effects on moisture retention and cation exchange capacities of the resultant mixes. In addition, cation exchange capacities and exchangeable K+ and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\) \end{document}; were analyzed from clinoptilolitic zeolite of particle sizes ranging from <0.25 mm to >5.0 mm. All amendments, except 10?ZO and 20% sawdust, resulted in superior establishment compared to unamended sand. Peat-amended sand retained significantly more moisture than sawdust- or zeolite-amended sand at –6, –10, –33, and -250 kpa soil matric potentials. Zeolite exhibited a much higher volumetric cation exchange capacity than either sawdust or sphagnum peat. Cation exchange capacity and exchangeable potassium of clinoptilolitic zeolite was greatest when particle size was <0.5 mm; however, little exchangeable ammonium nitrogen was detected.

scholarly journals Quality of zeolit from Vranjska banja deposit according to size classes

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zivko Sekulic ◽  
Aleksandra Dakovic ◽  
Milan Kragovic ◽  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Branislav Ivosevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Particle Size Classes ◽  
Wet Sieving ◽  
Xrpd Analysis

This paper presents results of investigations of the quality of the natural zeolite as well as the quality of particular particle size classes of the natural zeolite. The aim of the investigations was to determine if the different classes possess different qualitys. The starting material used in experiements was the natural zeolite from Zlatokop deposit (Vranjska Banja, Serbia).. The classes -0.2+0.8 mm; -0.8+0.6 mm; -0.6+0.4 mm; -0.4+0.1 mm were obtained by wet sieving of the natural zeolite. Grinding processes of the natural zeolite gave classes -0.3+0.63 mm; -0.63+0 mm; -0,43+0 mm. Chemical composition , mineralogical XRPD analysis and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were performed on the starting sample and the obtained particle size classes. It was determined that all particle size classes possess similar quality. The highest cation exchange capacity was observed in classes -0,043+0mm (166,5 meq/100g) and -0,063+0mm (158, 8 meq/100g).

Selecting Peat For Rearing Coniferous Container Seedlings

1975 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 200-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Hellum
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Fibrous Structure ◽  
Container Seedlings ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Source Selection ◽  
Water Well

Peat is a term applied to a large variety of organic materials sold in Canada for horticultural purposes. Uneven crops of coniferous seedlings are often due to variable peat quality. Experience has shown that such seedlings should be grown only in sphagnum peat. Members of this genus are preferred because they hold water well, have an excellent cation exchange capacity, retain a fibrous structure well when handled manually, decompose to release nitrogen for seedling growth, are usually acid, and contain few endemic pathogens. S. fuscum, the best for horticultural purposes, is circumpolar, and common in Alberta. A prescription for peat source selection is suggested.

INFLUENCE OF CLAY MINERALS ON MICROORGANISMS: III. EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE, CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, AND SURFACE AREA ON BACTERIA

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stotzky
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Stimulation Of

The stimulation of bacterial respiration by clay minerals was related to certain physicochemical characteristics of clays. Respiration increased with an increase in the cation exchange capacity and surface area of the particles. The importance of surface area, however, could not be unequivocally established, as some of the methods used to determine this characteristic on certain clay species were questionable. Particle size did not appear to be a critical characteristic. The implications of the cation exchange capacity of clay minerals in the activity, ecology, and population dynamics of microorganisms in nature are discussed.

scholarly journals pH Buffering in Pine Bark Substrates as a Function of Particle Size

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1821
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pancerz ◽  
James E. Altland
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Ph Buffering ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Substrate Ph

Stability of substrate pH in container-grown crops is important for proper nutrient management. The objective of this research was to determine the pH buffering capacity of pine bark substrates as a function of particle size and compare those results to sphagnum peat. The weight equivalent of 100 cm3 for fine, medium, and coarse pine bark and sphagnum peat, either as a whole or partitioned into several particle size ranges, was placed in a 250-mL glass jar and filled with 100 mL of an acid or base solution ranging from 0 to 50 meq·L−1 in 10 meq·L−1 increments. After 24 hours, pH was measured. An experiment was also conducted in the greenhouse. The weight equivalent of 500 cm3 of sphagnum peat, fine pine bark, or coarse pine bark was filled into 10-cm plastic pots and irrigated with one of the following: tap water or 10 meq·L−1 of HCl, NaOH, H2SO4, or KHCO3 and with or without a water soluble fertilizer. Substrate pH was determined 4 and 8 weeks after potting using the pour-through method. In all experiments, sphagnum peat had less buffering capacity than pine bark against pH changes from acidic solutions, whereas pine bark had less buffering capacity than sphagnum peat to pH changes from basic solutions. Substrate pH buffering in pine bark increased with decreasing particle size, whereas pH buffering in sphagnum peat was less responsive to particle size. These results will help growers and substrate manufacturers understand how substrate components contribute to pH management during crop production.

scholarly journals Effect оf delamination оn physico-chemical properties of kaolin

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-266
Author(s):  
Slavica Mihajlovic ◽  
Milica Vlahovic ◽  
Nenad Vusovic ◽  
Natasa Djordjevic ◽  
Marina Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Plastic Processing

To provide the quality required for its use, raw kaolin must be subjected to certain processing procedures like delamination which is applied to the layered structure materials. The aim of this research is to determine the possibility of performing delamination in the extruder and to estimate the effects of this process on the physico-chemical properties of kaolin. The results showed that delamination can be efficiently realized in the extruder by shearing densely packed layers under the influence of friction force and added Na2CO3 electrolyte. The crystal structure of the system was thus disrupted. This was confirmed by the Hinckley index (HI) decrease and by the dilatometric characteristics changes during heating. The particle size was reduced and, furthermore, new adsorption centers were formed, which led to an increase in the total cation exchange capacity (CEC). The plasticity of kaolin decreased with the increasing delamination degree, as well as the amount of water required for plastic processing, which is favorable in drying ceramic products.

scholarly journals The mechanochemical activation study of Tsagaan-tsav zeolite

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ts Zolzaya ◽  
B Davaabal ◽  
Z Ochirbat ◽  
G Oyun-Erdene ◽  
A Minjigmaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Vibration Mill

Characterisation of mechanochemically activated Tsagaan-tsav zeolite has been performed. Tsagaan-tsav zeolite has been activated with a vibration mill for 2, 3, 5, 10 and 20 minutes. Ball to powder ratios were varied 1:10, 1:20, 1:50 and 1:100. Efficiency of milling determined based on amorphisation rate and cation exchange capacity changes. The highest efficiency was obtained for zeolite milled with ball to powder ratio of 100. Structural characterisation was performed with XRD, SEM, BET and particle size analyzer. Mechanochemical activation improves cation exchange capacity of natural zeolite.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v12i0.181 Mongolian Journal of Chemistry Vol.12 2011: 98-101 

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