scholarly journals Evaluation of Poultry Litter and Organic Fertilizer Rate and Source for Production of Organic Short-day Onions

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Ray J. Hicks ◽  
Reid L. Torrance ◽  
Cliff M. Riner ◽  
C. Randell Hill
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

In a 3-year study of poultry litter applications on short-day onion (Allium cepa) production, where rates ranged from 0 to 10 tons/acre, there was an increasing linear effect on total onion yield. Jumbo (≥3 inches diameter) onion yield did not differ with increasing poultry application rates, while medium (≥2 and <3 inches diameter) yields decreased with increasing applications of poultry litter. In addition, organic-compliant fertilizers, 4N–0.9P–2.5K at 150 to 250 lb/acre nitrogen (N), as well as 13N–0P–0K at 150 lb/acre N and in combination with 9N–0P–7.5K totaling 150 lb/acre N were evaluated. Comparison of these commercial organic-compliant fertilizers indicated that there were no differences in total or jumbo yields, while medium yields generally decreased with increased N fertilizer rate.

scholarly journals Corralling, planting density, and N fertilizer rate effect on soil properties, weed diversity, and maize yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-260
Author(s):  
Nurudeen Abdul Rahman ◽  
Asamoah Larbi ◽  
Andrews Opoku ◽  
Francis Marthy Tetteh ◽  
Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Rate Effect ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Weed Diversity ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

An integrative influence of saline water irrigation and fertilization on the structure of soil bacterial communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 693-700
Author(s):  
L. J. Chen ◽  
C. S. Li ◽  
Q. Feng ◽  
Y. P. Wei ◽  
Y. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have investigated the individual effects of salinity, irrigation and fertilization on soil microbial communities, relatively less attention has been paid to their combined influences, especially using molecular techniques. Based on the field of orthogonal designed test and deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing technology, the effects of saline water irrigation amount, salinity level of irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on soil bacterial community structure were investigated. The results showed that the irrigation amount was the most dominant factor in determining the bacterial richness and diversity, followed by the irrigation water salinity and N fertilizer rate. The values of Chao1 estimator, abundance-based coverage estimator and Shannon indices decreased with an increase in irrigation amount while increased and then decreased with an increase in irrigation water salinity and N fertilizer rate. The highest soil bacterial richness and diversity were obtained under the least irrigation amount (25 mm), medium irrigation water salinity (4.75 dS/m) and medium N fertilizer rate (350 kg/ha). However, different bacterial phyla were found to respond distinctively to these three factors: irrigation amount significantly affected the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi; irrigation water salinity mostly affected the members of Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Acidobacteria; and N fertilizer rate mainly influenced the Bacteroidetes' abundance. The results presented here revealed that the assessment of soil microbial processes under combined irrigation and fertilization treatments needed to be more careful as more variable consequences would be established by comparing with the influences based on an individual factor, such as irrigation amount or N fertilizer rate.

scholarly journals Organic Fertility Sources for the Production of Short-day Organic Onion Transplants

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
C. Randy Hill
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Fertilizer Effect ◽  
Growing Region ◽  
Plant Length

This study evaluated poultry litter, commercial organic fertilizer, and compost for organic production of onion (Allium cepa) transplants within the Vidalia onion growing region of southeastern Georgia. Two field experiments were conducted. The first experiment tested six rates of poultry litter (0–10 tons/acre). The second experiment tested a factorial combination of two rates of nitrogen (N) (0 and 130 lb/acre) and three rates of compost (0, 5, and 10 tons/acre). Seedling weight, length, and diameter were measured ≈10 weeks after sowing. Poultry litter had a significant increasing linear effect on plant weight and diameter. There was also a significant increasing quadratic effect on plant length. Commercial organic fertilizer (3N–0.9P–2.5K) at 130 lb/acre N had a significant effect on plant length, but compost at 0, 5, or 10 tons/acre did not affect plant length. There were organic fertilizer by compost interactions for plant weight and diameter. There was a significant effect on plant diameter with organic fertilizer (130 lb/acre N) and 10 tons/acre compost, but there was no fertilizer effect on plant diameter at 0 or 5 tons/acre compost. The interaction effect on plant weight indicated there was a significant effect from fertilizer with 5 and 10 tons/acre compost, but not with 0 tons/acre. Based on this study, nutrition should not be a problem in producing organic onion transplants in southeastern Georgia. Four to 6 tons/acre fresh poultry litter should be adequate for producing good quality transplants. An alternative approach of using organic fertilizer at a rate of 130 lb/acre N with 5 to 10 tons/acre compost can also be used to produce good quality transplants.

scholarly journals Fertilization Rate and Growth of `Hamlin' Orange Trees Related to Preplant Leaf Nitrogen Levels in the Nursery

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 613e-614
Author(s):  
Laura Guazzelli ◽  
Frederick S. Davies ◽  
James J. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Leaf N Concentration ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Leaf N

Our objectives were to determine if leaf N concentration in citrus nursery trees affected subsequent growth responses to fertilization for the first 2 years after planting and how N fertilizer rate affected soil nitrate-N concentration. `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] trees on `Swingle' citrumelo rootstock [C. paradisi Macf. × P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.] were purchased from commercial nurseries and grown in the greenhouse at differing N rates. Three to five months later trees were separated into three groups (low, medium, high) based on leaf N concentration and planted in the field in Oct. 1992 (Expt. 1) or Apr. 1993 (Expt. 2). Trees were fertilized with granular material (8N–2.6P–6.6K) with N at 0 to 0.34 kg/tree yearly. Soil nitrate-N levels were also determined in Expt. 2. Preplant leaf N concentration in the nursery varied from 1.4% to 4.1% but had no effect on trunk diameter, height, shoot growth, and number or dry weight in year 1 (Expt. 1) or years 1 and 2 (Expt. 2) in the field. Similarly, N fertilizer rate had no effect on growth during year 1 in the field. However, trunk diameter increased with increasing N rate in year 2 and reached a maximum with N at 0.17 kg/tree yearly. Shoot number during the second growth flush in year 2 was much lower for nonfertilized vs. fertilized trees. Leaf N concentrations increased during the season for trees with initially low levels even for trees receiving low fertilizer rates. Soil nitrate-N levels were highest at the 0.34-kg rate, and lowest at the 0.11-kg rate. Nitrate-N levels decreased rapidly in the root zone within 2 to 3 weeks of fertilizing.

scholarly journals Variety and N-Fertilizer Rate Influence the Growth, Yield and Yield Parameters of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Asaduzzaman ◽  
Mrityunjoy Biswas ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mokhlesur Rahman ◽  
Rafeza Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Cultivar and N Fertilizer Rate Affect Yield and N use Efficiency in Irrigated Durum Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 1175-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhejun Liang ◽  
Kevin F. Bronson ◽  
Kelly R. Thorp ◽  
Jarai Mon ◽  
Mohammad Badaruddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Effect of fertilizer rate and form on the recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer applied to wheat in Syria

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. PILBEAM ◽  
A.M. McNEILL ◽  
H. C. HARRIS ◽  
R. S. SWIFT
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Added Nitrogen Interaction

15N-labelled fertilizer was applied at different rates (0, 30, 60, 90 kg N ha−1) and in different forms (urea or ammonium sulphate) to wheat grown in Syria in three seasons (1991/92, 1992/93 and 1994/95).Recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer in the above-ground crop at harvest was low (8–22%), with the amount of 15N-labelled fertilizer recovered in the crop increasing as the rate of application increased. Fertilizer application caused a significant increase in the amount of unlabelled soil N in the crop, suggesting that the application of N fertilizer caused a ‘real’ added nitrogen interaction. Recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer in the crop was unaffected by the form of the fertilizer.On average 31% (14–54%) of the 15N-labelled fertilizer remained in the soil at harvest, mostly in the 0–20 cm layer. At the lowest application rate (30 kg N ha−1) most of the residual fertilizer was as organic N, but at the higher application rates (60 and 90 kg N ha−1), a greater proportion of the 15N-labelled fertilizer was recovered as inorganic N, presumably as the result of top-dressing N in dry conditions in the spring. The amount of 15N-labelled fertilizer remaining in the soil increased as the fertilizer rate increased, but was unaffected by the form of fertilizer applied.Losses of 15N-labelled fertilizer were large (>35%), probably caused by gaseous losses, either through volatilization of N from the calcareous soil, or through denitrification from wet soils rich in organic residues.N fertilization strategies in the West Asia/North Africa (WANA) region should take note of the low recovery of N fertilizer by the crop in the season of application, and the resultant large quantities of residual fertilizer.

No-tillage culture and nitrogen fertilizer management for burley tobacco production

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ZOU ◽  
R. C. PEARCE ◽  
J. H. GROVE ◽  
M. S. COYNE
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

SUMMARYFew studies have investigated nitrogen (N) fertilizer management in no-tillage (NT) tobacco (Nicotiana tobacumL.) production systems, even though N fertilization is known to influence tobacco cured leaf yield and quality. The present study evaluated how tillage practice and N fertilizer rate affected burley tobacco agronomic performance, plant available nitrogen (PAN) supply, and leaf chemical constituents. In 2012 and 2013, three N fertilizer rates (0, 140 and 280 kg N/ha) were introduced as split-plots within a long-term NT and conventional tillage (CT) (mouldboard plough) comparison study. Results (2007–2013) showed that the effect of tillage on tobacco yield depended on seasonal weather; NT tobacco appeared to have lower yield than CT tobacco in seasons with <450 mm growing season rainfall, but similar yields when rainfall was >500 mm. In 2012 (432 mm rainfall; 84% of the long-term seasonal mean), leaf SPAD reading, leaf nitrate concentration, total nitrogen concentration at the topping day (i.e. removal of flowers/buds at the tops of the plants) and cured leaf nicotine and alkaloid content suggested that N deficiency was more pronounced in NT than CT at the lowest N fertilizer rate. The PAN supply, as measured by a modifiedin situresin core method, was similar in 2012 between NT and CT, suggesting that plant factors may have had a role in N uptake efficiency. This scenario did not repeat in 2013 (706 mm rainfall; 137% of the long-term seasonal mean). Even though N fertilization rates were identical for both tillage practices in 2012 and 2013, PAN was lower, on average, in 2012. Because N uptake is largely the result of mass flow, the impact of reduced root density in NT tobacco would be expected to be more pronounced in a season such as 2012, when water was limited. Banding N close to the tobacco root system and/or side-dressing some portion of N may be recommended strategies to improve N use efficiency in NT burley tobacco production.

Improving wheat breadmaking quality by splitting the N fertilizer rate

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fuertes-Mendizábal ◽  
A. Aizpurua ◽  
M.B. González-Moro ◽  
J.M. Estavillo
Keyword(s):  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Breadmaking Quality ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

scholarly journals Extreme Weather Events Affect Agronomic Practices and Their Environmental Impact in Maize Cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7352
Author(s):  
Monika Marković ◽  
Jasna Šoštarić ◽  
Marko Josipović ◽  
Atilgan Atilgan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
N Level ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Sustainable and profitable crop production has become a challenge due to frequent weather extremes, where unstable crop yields are often followed by the negative impacts of agronomic practices on the environment, i.e., nitrate leaching in irrigated and nitrogen (N)-fertilized crop production. To study this issue, a three-year field study was conducted during quite different growing seasons in terms of weather conditions, i.e., extremely wet, extremely dry, and average years. Over three consecutive years, the irrigation and N fertilizers rates were tested for their effect on grain yield and composition, i.e., protein, starch, and oil content of the maize hybrids; soil N level (%); and nitrate leaching. The results showed that the impact of the tested factors and their significance was year- or weather-condition-dependent. The grain yield result stood out during the extremely wet year, where the irrigation rate reduced the grain yield by 7.6% due to the stress caused by the excessive amount of water. In the remainder of the study, the irrigation rate expectedly increased the grain yield by 13.9% (a2) and 20.8% (a3) in the extremely dry year and 22.7% (a2) and 39.5% (a3) during the average year. Regardless of the weather conditions, the N fertilizer rate increased the grain yield and protein content. The soil N level showed a typical pattern, where the maximum levels were at the beginning of the study period and were higher as the N fertilizer rate was increased. Significant variations in the soil N level were found between weather conditions (r = −0.719) and N fertilizer rate (r = 0.401). Nitrate leaching losses were expectedly found for irrigation and N fertilizer treatments with the highest rates (a3b3 = 79.8 mg NO3− L).

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