scholarly journals Pre-transplant Root Ball Condition Influences Growth of Plumbago During Establishment

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Vyapari ◽  
S.M. Scheiber ◽  
E.L. Thralls
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Canopy Size

Three root ball conditions—nonroot-bound (NRB), root-bound (RB), and root-bound sliced (RBS)—were evaluated for their effect on plant growth of plumbago (Plumbago auriculata) during establishment and postestablishment in the landscape. At transplant, NRB plants were smaller than other treatments. Canopy size, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and total biomass growth rates were faster for NRB plants compared with RB or RBS. By 6 and 8 weeks after transplanting, respectively, biomass and canopy size were similar among treatments. Rootbound and RBS plants were similar indicating root ball slicing does not affect growth in the landscape.

The effect of barley yellow dwarf virus on early plant growth in ryegrass (Lolium spp.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Eagling ◽  
RJ Sward ◽  
GM Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Measurements were made on the effect of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection on the early growth of four commercial cultivars of ryegrass (Lolium spp.) under two different temperatures (24�C and 16�C). At 24'C, BYDV infection was associated with reduced root dry weight (30-40%) in all cultivars; the effect of infection on shoot dry weight and leaf area was variable. At 16�C, the effect of BYDV infection was variable, being associated with increases in root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and leaf area in one cultivar (Grasslands Ariki) and decreases in another (Victorian). In two other cultivars, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and leaf area were not significantly affected (P>0.05) by infection with BYDV.At 24�C, the reductions in root dry weight associated with BYDV infection were not concomitant with reductions in the root relative growth rates. Up to at least 28 days after inoculation (46-50 days after germination) reductions in root dry weight were associated with both aphid-feeding damage and virus infection. Experiments with the cultivar Victorian, showed that shoot dry weight was not significantly affected (P>0.05) by feeding with viruliferous (BYDV) or non-viruliferous aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi L.). At 16�C, changes in root and shoot dry weight were associated with changes in the root and shoot relative growth rates.

scholarly journals 354 REDUCING ROOTING-OUT PROBLEMS IN POT-IN-POT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 481d-481
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei `Acom a' to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control'” fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree that allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

scholarly journals Drought Tolerance Responses of Purple Lovegrass and ‘Adagio’ Maiden Grass

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1695-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Alvarez ◽  
S.M. Scheiber ◽  
Richard C. Beeson ◽  
David R. Sandrock
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Miscanthus Sinensis ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Canopy Size

Nonnative Miscanthus sinensis Anderss ‘Adagio’ and native Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. were evaluated for drought tolerance in a rain-excluded landscape setting in sandy soil in response to irrigation application volumes of 0 L, 0.25 L, 0.5 L, or 0.75 L. As irrigation rates increased, plant mass, canopy size, and shoot-to-root ratios increased for both species, being greatest at the 0.75-L rate. Shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total biomass, and shoot-to-root ratios were greater for E. spectabilis than M. sinensis. Cumulative water stress integral was also greater for E. spectabilis. Greater growth in conjunction with higher cumulative water stress indicates the native E. spectabilis is anisohydric and more drought-tolerant than the isohydric nonnative M. sinensis.

scholarly journals Pot-in-pot Production and Cyclic Irrigation Influences Growth and Evapotranspiration of `Okame' Cherry

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 546B-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Production System ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Ground System

A study was conducted with Prunus × incamp `Okame' to evaluate the effects of a pot-in-pot production system compared to a conventional above-ground system and cyclic irrigation on plant growth and water loss. Plants were grown in #7 (26-L) containers with a 8:1 pinebark:sand (v/v) substrate. Cyclic irrigation provided the same total volume of water, but was applied one, three, or four times per day. Final plant height and stem diameter, shoot and root dry weight, total biomass, and root:shoot ratio were all increased for plants grown pot-in-pot compared to above-ground. Multiple irrigation cycles increased stem diameter, shoot dry weight, and total biomass, compared to a single irrigation application. Multiple irrigation cycles decreased the root:shoot ratio. Evapotranspiration was influenced by production system, irrigation, and date. Amount of water lost as leachate was influenced by irrigation and date. Cyclic irrigation resulted in a two-fold decrease in leachate volume. Soluble salts and nitrate-nitrogen in the leachate were influenced by an interaction between production system, irrigation, and date.

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristic of Forest Soil and Gold Mine Tailings and Their Effect to the Plant Growth of Two Leguminous Trees

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Ricksy Prematuri ◽  
Maman Turjaman ◽  
Takumi Sato ◽  
Keitaro Tawaraya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Leguminous Trees ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Gold Mine Tailings

Aims: To clarify chemical characteristic of gold mine tailings and its effect to the growth of two leguminous trees of Falcataria molucana and Albizia saman under greenhouse conditions. Study Design: Field samples collection, analyze their samples of forest soil and tailings from gold mining area and determined the effect to the plant growth of two leguminous trees. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, and The Forest Research and Development Centre, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia between 2012 to 2013. Methodology: Soil pH, total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and available phosphorus (P) concentrations, cation exchange capacity, C/N ratio and exchangeable K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe and Ni concentrations were analyzed. F. moluccana and A. saman were grown for 15 weeks and their shoot heights, shoot and root dry weights were calculated. Results: Total N, carbon and available P of gold mine tailings were lower than that of forest soil.  CEC, Mg, K and Fe of gold mine tailings were lower than that of forest soil. C/N ratio of gold mine tailings werehigher than that of forest soil. Soil chemical characteristics of pH (KCL), pH (H2O), Ca and Na of gold-mine tailings were higher than that of forest soil. There was no difference in Ni between forest soil and gold mine tailings. Shoot dry weight and root dry weight of F. molucana on gold mine tailings were lower than that of forest soil. Root dry weight of A. saman grown on gold mine tailings were higher than that of forest soil. Shoot dry weight of A. saman grown on gold mine tailings were tended to have higher than that on forest soil. Conclusion: Gold mine tailings resulted from gold processing decrease chemical characteristic compare to the forest soil and its inhibit to the growth of two leguminous tree, F. molucana and A. Saman.

scholarly journals Production System and Copper Hydroxide Influences on Growth and Photosynthesis of Magnolia grandiflora `St. Mary'

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 795A-795
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Aboveground Production ◽  
Growth Production

A study was conducted with Magnolia grandiflora `St. Mary' to evaluate the effects of a pot-in-pot production system compared to a conventional aboveground production system and containers treated with or without copper hydroxide (Spin Out™). At 4 and 12 months after beginning the study, plants grown pot-in-pot were taller than plants in the conventional system. Stem diameters of plants grown pot-in-pot were also larger at 12 months. Production system influenced root dry weight in the outer 50% of the container, total root dry weight, percent root dry weight in the inner 50% of the container, percent root dry weight in the outer 50% of the container, and total biomass. Production system had no effect on shoot dry weight. Treatment with copper hydroxide had no effect on root or shoot growth. Production system and copper treatment influenced degree of root coverage. Plants grown pot-in-pot had higher rates of Ps and gs with increased Ci levels compared to plants above-ground. Production system had no effect on calculated transpiration rates.

scholarly journals Growth and Landscape Establishment of Pyracantha and Juniperus after Application of Paclobutrazol

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1318-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Juniperus Chinensis ◽  
Nursery Production ◽  
Landscape Establishment

The long-term effects of paclobutrazol applied to container-grown `Mojave' pyracantha (Pyracantha ×) and `San Jose' juniper (Juniperus chinensis L.) were investigated. Paclobutrazol was applied as a drench to container-grown (2.8 liter) plants at the rates of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg a.i./pot in June 1991, and plants were transplanted to the field in Feb. 1992. Pyracantha plant height, shoot and root dry weight, and total biomass (shoot dry weight + root dry weight) decreased quadratically as rate of paclobutrazol increased during nursery production. Paclobutrazol had no effect on plant height or shoot dry weight of Juniperus, although width indices were reduced. Ratings for root quality for Juniperus in containers increased as rate of paclobutrazol increased. After 9 months in the landscape, paclobutrazol still influenced plant height, width, and shoot dry weight for Pyracantha but had no effect on Juniperus. As rate of application increased, fruit retention on Pyracantha increased. Paclobutrazol applied as a container medium drench at 5 mg a.i./pot was excessive during nursery production of Pyracantha and Juniperus. Chemical name used: [(2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-yl)penten-3-ol] (paclobutrazol).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Control Strategies for Reducing Rooting-Out Problems in Pot-In-Pot Production Systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Research has shown that a problem in pot-in-pot (PIP) production systems has been the growth of roots out of the planted container, through holes in the holder pot and into the surrounding soil. A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei ‘Acoma’ to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control™ fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree which allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

scholarly journals Biomasa kultivara engleskog ljulja zasijanih nakon 5 godišnjeg skladištenja sjemena na različitim temperaturama

Sjemenarstvo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Goran Herman ◽  
Gordana Bukvić ◽  
Dario Iljkić ◽  
Manda Antunović ◽  
Vlado Guberac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Substrate Moisture ◽  
Whole Plants

Seeds of two perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars (diploid ‘Bartwingo’ and tetraploid ‘Calibra’) were stored in hermetically sealed glass jars at four different temperatures (-80, -20, 10 and 20°C) for five years. After the storage period the seeds were sowed in containers filled with commercial substrate. Initial growth and development occurred under natural sunlight and manual watering to maintain optimum substrate moisture. After 60 days of vegetation plants were taken from the substrate, developed plants were counted, their roots were washed and whole plants were measured for shoot and root dry-weight and total biomass.Stems and leaves per plant were counted too. The research has revealed significant effects (p<0.01) of storage temperature, cultivar and their interaction to all of the investigated traits. When averaged over cultivars the highest values were observed upon storage temperature of -20°C for all the traits except root dry-weight which did not differ between -20 and -80°C. The lowest values of all investigated traits were observed upon storage at 20°C. When averaged over storage temperatures, diploid cultivar had greater number of stems and leaves and the tetraploid one had greater root dry-weight, shoot dry-weight and total biomass.

scholarly journals Applications of plant growth promoting bacteria and Trichoderma spp. for controlling Orobanche crenata in faba bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ahmed Touny El-Dabaa ◽  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Orobanche Crenata ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Background Orobanche crenata is an obligate root parasite belonging to Orbanchaceae. Broomrape causes great damage to the faba bean. Several attempts were applied for controlling parasitic weeds. So, the aim of this work is to study the application of Trichoderma spp. as well as three rhizobacteria species in comparison to herbicidal effect of Glyphosate (Glialka 48% WSC) for controlling broomrape infesting faba bean (Vicia faba). Materials and methods Three pot experiments were carried out in the greenhouse of the National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt during two successive winter seasons. Trichoderma inocula were adjusted to 3.6 × 108 propagules/ml and the bacterium inocula were adjusted at 107–109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml. All treatments were applied, before 1 week of sowing, at rate of 50 ml per pot in experiments I and II, while 100 ml per pot in experiment III. Results Trichoderma spp. (T. harzianum, T. viride and T. vierns) as well as three rhizobacteria species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) enhanced the growth parameters in faba bean plants, i.e. shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight and leaf number in the first experiment when applied without O. crenata infection. In the second experiment, all bio-control could protect plants against O. crenata infection, where it had better juvenile number reduction, than glyphosate after 2 months of application. Both B. subtilis and B. pumilus had the highest reduction to juvenile fresh weight, while their effect was equal to herbicide for juvenile dry weight, respectively. The bio-control agents had high effects until the 4th month, but it was less than that of the herbicide. In experiment III, the bio-control agents could highly reduce the juvenile parameters after 2 months, as well as juvenile fresh weight and juvenile dry weight after 4 months, than the herbicide, respectively. The bio-control agents were effective until 6 months, but less than the herbicide effect. All bio-control treatments highly increased the plant growth parameters, than the herbicide. Conclusion The application of Trichoderma spp. as well as rhizobacteria species could play an important role in controlling broomrape in faba bean as a natural bioherbicide.

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