scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Vegetable Soybean (Edamame) in Mississippi

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiao Zhang ◽  
S Kyei-Boahen
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Mississippi Delta ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Vegetable Soybean ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The U.S

Soybean (Glycine max) grown as a vegetable is gaining in popularity in the U.S. and demand is expected to increase over the long term. However, information on production in the U.S. is limited because most of the product is imported. Field experiments were conducted at Stoneville, Miss., in 2004 and 2005 to evaluate the production and yield potential and to estimate the net returns for sustainable production in the Mississippi Delta. In 2004, four vegetable soybean varieties were evaluated and 23 varieties were evaluated in 2005. The varieties varied from maturity group III to VII. The late-maturing varieties were generally taller, had more nodes/plant, pods/plant, and fresh green pod yield at R6 stage (full seed) than the early-maturing varieties. Fresh green bean yield ranged from 1438 to 19,119 lb/acre in 2004. The mean bean yield for the 18 Apr. 2005 planting was 26,538 lb/acre compared with a mean of 18,131 lb/acre for the 10 May 2005 planting. Interaction occurred between planting date and variety as well as soil type and variety for all the variables evaluated. ‘Envy’ produced the lowest yield, whereas ‘Garden Soy 01’, ‘Garden Soy 21’, ‘Midori Giant’, ‘Mojo Green’, and ‘Moon Cake’ produced the highest fresh bean yield. The estimated net returns, using the Mississippi State Budget Generator as a guide, indicated more than twice the returns from growing the regular commodity soybean. The data suggest that vegetable soybean can fit well into the existing cropping system and could be a viable alternative crop for growers in the Mississippi Delta who want to capitalize on a niche market.

scholarly journals Performance of Pre Released Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Different Sowing Windows in Rabi Season

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
D. Anil ◽  
Sreedhar Siddi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Sowing Dates

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different sowing dates on growth and yield potential of pre released rice genotypes under irrigated conditions of Northern Telangana zone. The field experiments were carried out during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20, on clay soils of agricultural research station, Kunaram, Telangana state, India. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications. The treatments comprised of three sowing dates i.e. 20th November, 5th December and 20th December in horizontal factor and four genotypes i.e. KNM 733, RNR 15048, KNM 1638 and KNM 118 in vertical factor. Pooled data analysis results revealed that the different sowing dates and genotypes significant effect on all the studied growth and yield characters. The rice crop sown on 20th December recorded significantly  higher grain yield ( 8138 kg ha-1) and Among the genotypes, the short slender, short duration genotype KNM 733 recorded the recorded the maximum grain yield ( 8024 kg ha-1), which was on par with the other genotypes. The treatment combinations data results concluded that the, among the genotypes the genotype KNM 118 was recorded highest grain yield (8438 kg ha-1) when sowing was taken up on 20th December and followed by  the genotype KNM 733 with sown on 20th  November. In respect of economics of treatment combinations, the highest net returns (Rs.91,165 ha-1) and B:C (2.47)  ratio were obtained when rice crop was sown during 20th December with the  genotype KNM 118 and followed by sown on 20th November with the  genotype KNM 733.

scholarly journals Weed control under integrated nutrient management systems in faba bean (Vicia faba) production in Egypt

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. El-Metwally ◽  
M.T. Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Assimilation

Two field experiments were conducted in two successive seasons, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007, to determine whether management can improve faba bean competitiveness with weeds, thus helping to achieve its yield potential. The experiment included five treatments, composed of organic and mineral fertilizers, alone and mixed at different rates, along with a control and six weed control treatments, including oxadiargyl, prometryn, hand hoeing treatments alone or mixed with the herbicides, and a nonweeded treatment (control).The herbicide treatments were not superior to the two hand-hoeing treatments. Using compost favored growth and yield of faba bean more than of weeds. Adding fertilizer also improved most yield parameters. Application of compost alone or combined with 50 or 100% of the recommended NPK rate improved faba bean growth in terms of net assimilation rate, specific leaf area, and leaf weight ratio as components of relative growth rate. This improvement in growth resulted in increase of seed yield, yield components and protein of faba bean. Faba bean yield performance improved under interactive fertilizer effects and weed control treatments as growth improved, as a result of nutrient release from fertilizers and weed control.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Organic Manures on Growth, Yield Components and Productivity of Cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Subramanian E ◽  
◽  
Sathishkumar A ◽  
Rajesh P ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Net Returns

The present study aimed to the effect of different organic manures on the growth and yield attributes of cotton by conducting field experiments during rice fallow season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at the Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai.. The cotton growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production and monopodial branches plant-1 were significantly influenced by the application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer through vermicompost (on equal N basis). Also application of recommended dose of fertilizer through vermicompost (on equal N basis) recorded significantly higher yield attributes viz., sympodial branches plant-1, number of bolls plant-1, boll weight and seed cotton yield (17.4 and 18.6 q ha-1 during both the years, respectively). Economic analysis also indicated that Insitu vermicomposting produced higher net returns with higher B:C ratio.

scholarly journals Wild onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) competition in rainfed chickpea-chickpea cropping system

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SIBTAIN ◽  
A. TANVEER ◽  
M.M. JAVAID ◽  
H.H. ALI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Chickpea yield potential is limited by weed competition in typical chickpea growing areas of Pakistan where zero tillage crop grown on moisture conserved from rains received during the months of September and August. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of chickpea grown in coexistence with increasing densities of wild onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius). The experiment was comprised of six density levels viz. zero, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 plants m-2 of A. tenuifolius. A decrease in chickpea primary and secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield was observed due to more accumulation of dry matter per increasing densities of A. tenuifolius. The increase in A. tenuifolius density accelerated chickpea yield losses and reached the maximum values of 28, 35, 42, 50, 58 and 96% at 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 A. tenuifolius plants m-2, respectively. The yield loss estimation model showed that chickpea losses with infinite A. tenuifolius density were 60%. Yield reduction could be predicted by 2.52% with increase of one A. tenuifolius plant m-2. It is concluded that A. tenuifolius has a strong influence on chickpea seed yield and showed a linear response at the range of densities studied.

scholarly journals Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) phenology, growth, and yield under subtropical climatic conditions: Effects of cultivars and crop management

2021 ◽  
pp. 764-772
Author(s):  
Aleyda Acosta- Rangel ◽  
Jack Rechcigl ◽  
Simon Bollin ◽  
Zhanao Deng ◽  
Shinsuke Agehara
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Lateral Shoot ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Shoot Number

Commercial hop (Humulus lupulus L.) production occurs predominantly in temperate climates. The objectives of this study were to characterize the phenology of hops under subtropical climatic conditions and to determine the growth and yield potential. Two field experiments were conducted in Florida, southeastern United States. Rhizomes were planted in April. Data were collected during the establishment year. In the first experiment, we evaluated 7 American, 5 European, and 1 Japanese cultivars in a randomized complete block design. Bine height, main bine number, lateral shoot number, and dry cone yield (10% moisture) were recorded. Yield varied considerably, ranging from 0 to 197 kg ha–1. The top three yielding cultivars were ‘Cascade’, ‘CTZ’, and ‘Nugget’, all of which were American cultivars. Yield had positive correlations with main bine number and lateral shoot number, but it had no significant correlation with bine height. In the second experiment, we determined the duration of each phenological stage in ‘Cascade’. Reproductive phenology was characterized by premature and nonsynchronous flowering. Prolonged flowering resulted in multiple harvests over 61 days, starting in mid-June. We also evaluated crop management treatments, which consisted of three levels of hill spacing (76, 91, and 107 cm) and two nitrogen (N) rates (109 and 130 kg ha–1) in a factorial combination. Treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with hill spacing as the main-plot factor. Yield on a per-area basis increased with reducing hill spacing and increasing N rate by 41% and 38%, respectively. Our results demonstrate unique reproductive phenology of hops under subtropical climatic conditions, which prevents once-overharvest but enables the off-season supply of fresh hops over an extended period. This study provides a benchmark to develop production strategies for hops suitable to subtropical climates.

Effect of crop residue management in a rice–wheat cropping system on growth and yield of crops and on soil fertility

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PRASAD ◽  
B. GANGAIAH ◽  
K. C. AIPE
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
Residue Incorporation

Crop residue management is posing a serious problem in the rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system, which is widely practised in the Indian Subcontinent and China, and covers about 22.5 × 106 ha. The problem is serious because there is very little turn-around time between rice harvest and wheat sowing. Three practices, namely, residue removal, residue burning and residue incorporation were compared in two field experiments, one with the rice residues and the other with the wheat residues. Results obtained showed that both rice and wheat residues can be safely incorporated without any detrimental effects on the crops of rice or wheat grown immediately after incorporation. Incorporation of crop residue also improved soil fertility status as judged by organic carbon and available phosphorus and potassium contents. Residue incorporation should be preferred over residue burning, which results in the loss of valuable plant nutrients and is both an environmental and a health hazard.

Agronomic studies on the productivity of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L. cv. Guatemala 4) under rainfed and irrigated conditions in the Northern Territory

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Muchow ◽  
JD Sturtz ◽  
MF Spillman ◽  
GE Routley ◽  
S Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Rainfall Season ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Average Rainfall

Field experiments were conducted at Berrimah, Douglas Daly and Katherine in the Northern Territory (NT) during the 1987-88 and 1988-89 wet seasons to obtain yield data for kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinzis L. cv. Guatemala 4) grown under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Under rainfed conditions, maximum stem yield was obtained from sowings early in the wet season. Yield decreased with delay in sowing until the late-December-January period. The maximum rainfed stem yield at Katherine in an above-average rainfall season was 18 400 kg/ha. The maximum yield in a below average rainfall season was 11 700 kg/ha at Katherine, 9200 kg/ha at Douglas Daly and 9400 kg/ha at Berrimah. The applicability to the NT of growth and yield relationships established for irrigated kenaf in the Ord Irrigation Area (OIA) was assessed. The yield potential under irrigated conditions in the NT (21 600 kg/ha at 131 days after sowing) was higher than that reported elsewhere in Australia for the same growth period, but similar to that reported elsewhere for longer growth duration (180-300 days). In the NT, in contrast to the OIA, stem yield showed little or no response to N fertilisation. Stem yield was not related to N uptake, and at high levels of N application, there was marked N accumulation in the stem. Kenaf was able to accumulate up to 110 kg N/ha from the soil reserve where no N was applied. The yield response to plant density varied with the yield level and was similar to that in the OIA. Bark and core yield could be estimated directly from biomass, and indirectly from stem length and plant density, over a wide range of yield levels and cultural conditions. It was concluded that data relating to yield potential and response to N fertilisation cannot be transferred directly from the OIA to the NT.

Effects of Planting Pattern and Cultivar on Weed and Crop Growth in Aerobic Rice System

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulshan Mahajan ◽  
Bhagirath S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Planting Pattern

Weeds are a major biotic constraint to aerobic rice production in Asia. Research is needed on the effects of cultural practices on weed management in aerobic rice, including techniques such as planting pattern and competitive cultivars. Field experiments were conducted in Punjab, India, in the wet seasons of 2008 and 2009 to study the growth of weeds and two rice cultivars [PR 115 and Punjab (P.) Mehak 1] in relation to planting pattern (uniform rows [23-cm row spacing] and paired rows [15-, 30-, and 15-cm row spacings]) under aerobic conditions. Junglerice and rice flatsedge were the dominant weed species during the early stages of the crop, while Chinese sprangletop and large crabgrass were the predominant species during flowering stage of the crop. Weed dry matter was not affected by planting pattern of P. Mehak 1; however, for PR 115, weed dry matter was greater in rice grown in uniform rows (244 g m−2) than in paired rows (183 g m−2). Planting patterns did not affect weed-free crop growth and yield, but weeds tended to be more abundant in the uniform planting system, particularly under cultivar PR 115. Consequently, this cultivar grew and yielded better under the paired rows when weeds were present. The cultivar PR 115 had greater yield potential than P. Mehak 1, but growth and productivity of P. Mehak 1 were unaffected by the planting patterns, suggesting better competitive ability against weeds than PR 115. The results imply that yield of some aerobic rice cultivars may be improved by exploring competitiveness of rice cultivars through paired row planting patterns. There is a need to study plasticity changes for cultivars which respond with more competiveness in paired rows. The identified traits could be useful as selection criteria for screening weed-competitive cultivars in paired row pattern.

The limiting effect of plant size at inflorescence initiation on subsequent growth and yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Mendham ◽  
R. K. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cold Requirement ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYA substantial loss in yield usually occurs when oilseed rape is sown later than mid-September. Field experiments in 1972–3 tested whether this is because all plants, irrespective of size, initiate inflorescences during the winter, thus restricting the eventual size of the leaf canopy and the yield potential of late-sown plants, which are still very small when the change to the reproductive phase occurs.Sowing a standard winter variety, Victor, from mid-August to mid-October resulted in initiation occurring from late October to February. When sown after mid-September yields were proportional to plant size at initiation. The winter was mild, and in colder conditions earlier sowing may be required to enable plants to reach a critical size before initiation takes place. When sown in August plants were very large but yield was not improved. A study of the development of the pod canopy showed that the extra yield potential was not realized because heavy losses of pods and seeds occurred, particularly in the more shaded positions.When a range of winter varieties, chosen to contrast the timing of phasic development, was sown on two dates yield was proportional to the interval between sowing and initiation, particularly when late sown, presumably because late initiators were able to lay the foundation of a more substantial root and shoot system. This has implications for plant breeding programmes because the low erucic acid varieties currently being grown initiate inflorescences early. When spring types were sown in mid-October they formed floral initials very early, and gave particularly small and weak plants, with a low yield. Winter types sown in March did initiate flowers and produce large plants, but yields were no better than spring types as flowering and ripening were irregular and late, the cold requirement for initiation being only marginally fulfilled.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar spray and fertilizer levels on growth and yield of vegetable cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Kavitha ◽  
R. Balakumbahan ◽  
G. Prabukumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Western Block ◽  
Available Nutrient Status ◽  
Number Of Branches

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of foliar spray and fertilizer levels on growth and yield of vegetable cowpea (PKM 1) during kharif season of the years 2015 and 2016 at Western block, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Periyakulam. Results revealed that in general vegetable cowpea responded well to the increased dose of fertilizers along with foliar spraying of 2 % DAP and pulse wonder during flowering and pod formation stages. Application of 125 % RDF along with 2 % DAP spray at flowering and pod formation stages recorded significantly higher plant height (59.3 cm), more number of branches per plant (10.8), increased root bio mass per plant (0.85 g) and shoot bio mass per plant (7.8 g) and more number of flowers per plant (58) resulted in increased green pod yield of 17.40 t /ha as compared to 100 % RDF. Lowest yield and economics was recorded with 75 % RDF. Application of 125 % RDF along with 2 % DAP spray at flowering and pod formation stages recorded higher net returns and BC ratio of Rs.117120/- and 3.06 respectively followed by 125 % RDF + Pulse wonder @ 5 kg ha-1 at flowering. The available nutrient status of the post harvest soil sample viz., N (287 kg/ha), P (10.6 kg/ha) and K (217 kg/ha) also increased significantly with the application of 125 % RDF along with 2 % DAP spray at flowering and pod formation stages.

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