scholarly journals Caractérisation de l’infestation de Tapinanthus dodonaeifolius (Loranthaceae) chez le karité (Vitellaria paradoxa) au Tchad

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Idriss Tourgou Kanika ◽  
Christophe Djekota Ngarmari ◽  
Elvire Hortense Biye
Keyword(s):  
Vitellaria Paradoxa

Au Tchad, à cause de ses retombées financières une attention particulière est prêtée aux arbres à karité (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaertn.). Cependant, cette culture est menacée par les plantes vasculaires parasites de la famille des Loranthaceae. La présente étude a été effectuée dans 3 sites dans la région du Mandoul pour évaluer l’ampleur des attaques de Loranthaceae (gui africain) sur des arbres en fonction des classes de circonférence du tronc à 1,5 cm du sol. Elle a consisté à dénombrer sur une de surface, les arbres à karité infestés et les touffes de parasites rencontrées sur ces arbres, afin de déterminer leur taux et leur intensité d’infestation. Les résultats obtenus montrent que Tapinanthus dodonaeifolius (DC) Danser a été trouvée comme la seule espèce de Loranthaceae qui parasite les arbres karité étudiés dans la zone d’étude. Le taux moyen d’infestation estimé à 73% augmente avec l’âge des arbres karité. La moyenne d’intensité de l’infestation/arbre (2,75 touffes à Békôh, 2,27 à Yomi and 2,04 à Bébopen) montre que Tapinanthus dodonaeifolius constitue une réelle menace pour les peuplements de karité dans la zone d’étude. Il reste à rechercher le seuil d’infestation qui provoque une réduction significative de la fructification. Pour l’instant, bien que pénible à cause de la hauteur des arbres adultes, la lutte mécanique contre les Tapinanthus par la coupe systématique des branches infestées est urgente dans les parcs à karité dans cette zone d’étude.

Temporal variations in transpiration of Vitellaria paradoxa in West African agroforestry parklands

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Bazié ◽  
J. Sanou ◽  
J. Bayala ◽  
A. Bargués-Tobella ◽  
G. Zombré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variations ◽  
West African ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands

scholarly journals Insect pollination improves yield of Shea(Vitellaria paradoxa subsp. paradoxa) in the agroforestry parklands of West Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Stout ◽  
Issa Nombre ◽  
Bernd de Bruijn ◽  
Aoife Delaney ◽  
Dzigbodi Adzo Doke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Insect Pollination ◽  
Agroforestry Parklands

scholarly journals IN-VIVO ANTI-DIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF VITELLARIA PARADOXA GAERTN F. (SAPOTACEAE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
Z. Abdullahi ◽  
A. A. Jimoh ◽  
B. E. Patrick ◽  
M. I. Yakubu ◽  
D. Mallam
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Different parts of Vitellaria paradoxa plant have many applications in ethno-medicine. Some of the uses of this plant include treatment of diarrhoea and other GIT disorders. In this study the antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanol extract of Vitellaria paradoxa was evaluated using three experimental models: Castor oil-induced diarrhoea; small intestinal motility and intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) models in mice. Five groups of five mice were used for each model. Group one mice received 10 ml/kg of distilled water, while groups 2, 3, and 4 received 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of the extract orally respectively. Group 5 mice received Loperamide 5 mg/kg orally. Oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined using OECD (2008) Guideline 425. Phytochemical studies were conducted using standard procedures. The LD50 was estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight and there were no signs of mortality or visible signs of toxicity in all the mice treated. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenes, steroids, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones glycosides. Extract showed a dose-dependent anti-diarrhoeal activity by reducing stool frequency and consistency. The extract at the higher doses significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited GIT motility and castor oil-induced enteropooling, comparable to that of the reference control drug Loperamide. The study showed that ethanol stem bark extract of Vitellaria paradoxa possess anti-diarrhoeal activity and thus justifies its ethno-medicinal use in the treatment of diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Shea Butter Synthesized Biodiesel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
IFEANYI GODWIN OKOYE ◽  
CHUKWUMA STEPHEN EZEONU ◽  
ELIZABETH KIGBU DANLAMI
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
American Society

Abstract Base – catalyzed transesterification of Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) seed fat was carried out at a methanol/oil ratio of 5:1 (V/V) at 70oC to synthesize the corresponding methyl esters (biodiesel). The percentage yield of approximately 87%, was recorded after ninety minutes, indicating that Shea fat is a good biodiesel feedstock. The physicochemical properties of the Shea biodiesel were determined. The colour was pale yellow while the relative density (870 Kg/m3), kinematic viscosity (2.66 mm2s-1 400C), acid value (0.19 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (0.52 meq/kg) and cetane number (68.10) were observed. The cloud point was found to be 9.30C, while the flash point of 156.670C, iodine value of 35.29 mg/100g and energy value of 39.3 MJ/Kg were recorded. All these value compare well with previous works and are within acceptable limits as specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The current research indicated that Shea butter has biodiesel potential aside its uses in culinary and cosmetics applications.

scholarly journals Identification of genes involved in shea butter biosynthesis from Vitellaria paradoxa fruits through transcriptomics and functional heterologous expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 3727-3736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Wei ◽  
Boyang Ji ◽  
Verena Siewers ◽  
Deyang Xu ◽  
Barbara Ann Halkier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Shea Butter ◽  
Vitellaria Paradoxa
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