Cyanogen Chloride LC 50 for Rabbits: 2 Minute Exposure

1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Krackow ◽  
I. Fuhr
Keyword(s):  
Minute Exposure ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride

Effect of Some Natural Mineral Waters in Nutrient Uptake by Caco-2 Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gonçalves ◽  
João R. Araújo ◽  
Fátima Martel
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Minute Exposure

We studied the effect of some mineral waters and some of their constituents on the apical uptake of 14C-butyrate (14C-BT) and 3H-O-methyl-D-glucose (3H-OMG) by Caco-2 cells. Uptake of 14C-BT increased after a 20-minute exposure to 1 % (v/v) distilled water, and, compared to distilled water, it was decreased by Pedras Salgadas® 1 % (v/v) and Melgaço® 5 % (v/v), and increased by Vidago® 5 % (v/v). Moreover, it increased after a 48-hour exposure to Vidago® or Melgaço® waters (5 % (v/v)). Also, uptake of 14C-BT was reduced after a 20-minute exposure to MgCl2, MgSO4, or CaCl2. Uptake of 3H-OMG was reduced after a 20-minute exposure to Melgaço® water [1 % (v/v)], when compared to distilled water. Also, a 48-hour exposure to Pedras Salgadas® or Melgaço® water (5 % (v/v)) increased and decreased uptake, respectively. Finally, uptake of 3H-OMG decreased after a 20-minute exposure to MgSO4 or NaF. In conclusion, uptake of 14C-BT and 3H-OMG by Caco-2 cells is differently modulated by distinct mineral waters.

Cyanogen Chloride LC 50 for Goats: 2 Min. Exposure

1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. McGrath ◽  
H. A. Sober ◽  
S. D. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Cyanogen Chloride

Povidone-Iodine 3-Minute Exposure Time is Viable in Preparation for Cataract Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu L. Nguyen ◽  
Lawrence J. Oh ◽  
Eugene Wong ◽  
Ian C. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Minute Exposure ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Preoperative Prophylaxis ◽  
Operating Room Staff

Purpose Povidone-iodine (PI) is widely used to reduce the preoperative conjunctival bacterial load. This study aimed to evaluate the employment of PI 10% in an attempt to sterilize the ocular surface prior to cataract surgery, and to show that PI could be left in contact for 3 minutes. The viability of this exposure time in clinical practice, associated adverse events, and visual outcomes were documented. Methods In this prospective cohort study, phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed in 604 patients by a single surgeon. Preoperative preparation was undertaken with PI 10%, applied to the cornea, conjunctival sac, eyelids, and periorbital skin with sterile cotton gauze. Povidone-iodine was then flushed onto the ocular surface. Operating room staff timed the precise duration of exposure. After the 3-minute preparation, the lids were thoroughly dried with fresh dry gauze. Results The median PI exposure time was 3.17 minutes, with an interquartile range of 0.25. All cases were followed up postoperatively at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. There were no complications attributable to PI. Visual outcomes were satisfactory. Conclusions Implementation of a preoperative prophylaxis protocol that used PI 10% with a 3-minute exposure time can be performed in clinical practice. The 3-minute exposure time had no adverse sequelae.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Aluminum in Murine Thymocytes and Lymphocytes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Kamalov ◽  
David O. Carpenter ◽  
Irina Birman
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Minute Exposure ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dose Dependent

The effects of low concentrations of aluminum chloride on thymocytes and lymphocytes acutely dissociated from young mice were studied using flow cytometry with a DNA-binding dye. We demonstrate a rapid and dose-dependent injury in murine thymocytes and lymphocytes resulting from exposure to aluminum, as indicated by an increase in the entry into the cell of the DNA-binding dye, propidium iodine. A 60-minute exposure to 10 μM AlCl3caused damage of about 5% of thymocytes, while 50% were injured after 10 minutes at 20 μM. Nearly all thymocytes showed evidence of damage at 30 μM AlCl3after only 5 minutes of incubation. In lymphocytes, injury was observed at 15 μM AlCl3and less than 50% of cells were injured after a 60-minute exposure to 20 μM. Injury only rarely proceeded to rapid cell death and was associated with cell swelling. These results suggest that aluminum has cytotoxic effects on cells of the immune system.

On the Ultraviolet Absorption of Cyanogen Chloride

1951 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
D. P. Stevenson ◽  
D. D. Tunnicliff ◽  
C. D. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Absorption ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride

Fluorination of cyanogen chloride

1967 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Hynes ◽  
Brian C. Bishop ◽  
Lucius A. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Cyanogen Chloride
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