Neurological Effects of Exposure to Non-Hypoxic Hypobaria

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen McGuire ◽  
Paul Sherman ◽  
Patrick Grogan ◽  
John Sladky ◽  
Gerald York ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Effects

Brain penetration and neurological effects of gadobenate dimeglumine in the rat

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Luzzani ◽  
P. Cipolla ◽  
M. L. Pelaprat ◽  
F. Robert ◽  
C. Gotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadobenate Dimeglumine ◽  
Brain Penetration ◽  
Neurological Effects

scholarly journals Methomyl poisoning presenting with decorticate posture and cortical blindness

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Ming Lin
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cerebral Disease ◽  
Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neurological Effects ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Methomyl is a potent pesticide that is widely used in the field of agriculture. The systemic toxic effects of methomyl have been well described. However, the neurological effects of methomyl intoxication are not well understood. In this study, we report a 61-year-old Taiwanese man sent to our emergency department because of altered mental status. His family stated that he had consumed liquid methomyl in a suicide attempt. He was provided cardiopulmonary resuscitation because of unstable vital signs. He was then sent to an intensive care unit for close observation. On the second day of admission, he regained consciousness but exhibited irregular limb and torso posture. On the sixth day, he started to complain of blurred vision. An ophthalmologist was consulted but no obvious abnormalities could be identified. On suspicion of cerebral disease, a neurologist was consulted. Further examination revealed cortical blindness and decorticate posture. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was arranged, which identified bilateral occipital regions lesions. The patient was administered normal saline and treated with aspirin and piracetam for 3 weeks in hospital. During the treatment period, his symptom of cortical blindness resolved, whereas his decorticate posture was refractory. Follow-up brain MRI results supported our clinical observations by indicating the disappearance of the bilateral occipital lesions and symmetrical putaminal high signal abnormalities. In this article, we briefly discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the cerebral effects of methomyl poisoning. Our study can provide clinicians with information on the manifestations of methomyl intoxication and an appropriate treatment direction.

DIAGNOSIS OF CHILDREN WITH SANFILIPPO DISEASE – PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND MOTOR ASSESSMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-535
Author(s):  
Paulina Anikiej-Wiczenbach ◽  
Agata Rudnik ◽  
Monika Limanówka ◽  
Jolanta Wierzba ◽  
Arkadiusz Mański
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Following Instructions ◽  
Neurological Effects ◽  
Sanfilippo Disease ◽  
Mps Iiia ◽  
Independent Person

Sanfilippo disease (mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS IIIA) is one of the types of mucopolysaccharidosis associated with extensive neurological effects and somatic symptoms. The consequences of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment are manifested in challenges with the daily functioning of patients who experience problems with communication and following instructions. The aim of this study was to assess the cognitive functioning of three patients with MPS IIIA and to find patterns of neurodegeneration and to make their environment more friendly. Three boys (from 5.5 to 7 years) with MPS IIIA participated in the study. Each participant attended two meetings, and his functioning was assessed by three independent person (using two-way mirror). We used Bayley’s Scale III with some modifications. Interviews with parents were also included. The communication of patients was limited to some vocalizations. Patients presented instrumental use of items, but not all of them were able to repeat actions after diagnostician or presented object permanence. The results showed that the cognitive functioning of participants was significantly hindered by problems related to motor dysfunction, hyperactivity, and ataxia. The psychological data was collated with medical results. This study allows indicating new sources giving the possibility of child phenotype variability and to create specific interventions in the field of psychological therapy for patients with MPS IIIA and their families.

scholarly journals Can Physical Activity Support the Endocannabinoid System in the Preventive and Therapeutic Approach to Neurological Disorders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4221
Author(s):  
Tomasz Charytoniuk ◽  
Hubert Zywno ◽  
Karolina Konstantynowicz-Nowicka ◽  
Klaudia Berk ◽  
Wiktor Bzdega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Neurological Effects

The worldwide prevalence of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, such as depression or Alzheimer’s disease, has spread extensively throughout the last decades, becoming an enormous health issue. Numerous data indicate a distinct correlation between the altered endocannabinoid signaling and different aspects of brain physiology, such as memory or neurogenesis. Moreover, the endocannabinoid system is widely regarded as a crucial factor in the development of neuropathologies. Thus, targeting those disorders via synthetic cannabinoids, as well as phytocannabinoids, becomes a widespread research issue. Over the last decade, the endocannabinoid system has been extensively studied for its correlation with physical activity. Recent data showed that physical activity correlates with elevated endocannabinoid serum concentrations and increased cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) expression in the brain, which results in positive neurological effects including antidepressant effect, ameliorated memory, neuroplasticity development, and reduced neuroinflammation. However, none of the prior reviews presented a comprehensive correlation between physical activity, the endocannabinoid system, and neuropathologies. Thus, our review provides a current state of knowledge of the endocannabinoid system, its action in physical activity, as well as neuropathologies and a possible correlation between all those fields. We believe that this might contribute to finding a new preventive and therapeutic approach to both neurological and neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Environmental Substances Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease—A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11839
Author(s):  
Hanna Maria Elonheimo ◽  
Helle Raun Andersen ◽  
Andromachi Katsonouri ◽  
Hanna Tolonen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Priority Substances ◽  
Environmental Chemical ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Neurological Effects

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, prevalent in approximately 50–70% of the dementia cases. AD affects memory, and it is a progressive disease interfering with cognitive abilities, behaviour and functioning of the person affected. In 2015, there were 47 million people affected by dementia worldwide, and the figure was estimated to increase to 75 million in 2030 and to 132 million by 2050. In the framework of European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), 18 substances or substance groups were prioritized for investigation. For each of the priority substances, a scoping document was prepared. Based on these scoping documents and complementary review of the recent literature, a scoping review of HBM4EU-priority substances which might be associated with AD was conducted. A possible association between risk of AD and pesticides was detected. For mercury (Hg), association is possible but inconsistent. Regarding cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), the results are inconsistent but inclined towards possible associations between the substances and the risk of disease. The evidence regarding lead (Pb) was weaker than for the other substances; however, possible associations exist. Although there is evidence of adverse neurological effects of environmental substances, more research is needed. Environmental chemical exposure and the related hazards are essential concerns for public health, and they could be preventable.

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