Order Out of Chaos: Domestic Enforcement of the Law of Internal Armed Conflict

Author(s):  
Alex G. Peterson
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
John Arturo Cárdenas Mesa

Colombia ha tenido grandes avances en materia de reparación a víctimas del conflicto armado interno. De la Ley 387 de 1997 a la Ley 1448 de 2011, ha habido un cambio de paradigma jurídico cultural en el cual la reparación por medio de medidas de restitución han ido cobrando tanta importancia como las reparaciones económicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar que la Ley de Restitución de Tierras, tal como está concebida, puede originar en una nueva forma de despojo dado que desconoce los derechos de los opositores de buena fe, muchos de los cuales son también campesinos víctimas de la violencia política. Ello se debe a una deficiente regulación en aspectos como el probatorio, a la lentitud con que avanza el proceso y a que no se tuvo en cuenta que la dinámica del despojo y el abandono ocasionado por grupos paramilitares es diferente al originado en la violencia guerrillera. The Land Restitution Law against opponents in good faith Abstract Colombia has made great progress in reparation for the victims of the internal armed conflict; from Law 387 of 1997 to Law 1448 of 2011, there has been a legal paradigm cultural change in which redress through restitution measures have been gaining much importance as economic reparations.The aim of this paper is to show that the Law on Land Restitution, as it is conceived, can result in a new form of dispossession because it ignores opponents in good faith, many of whom are also farmers victims of political violence. This is due to poor regulation in areas such as the evidentiary, to the slowness with which the process advances and to the fact that it was not taken into account that the dynamics of the dispossession and neglect caused by paramilitary groups are different to the originated in guerrilla violence. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachman Maulana Kafrawi

This research aims to identify whether the environmental destruction could be considered as terrorism and to identify why the person who damaged the environmental should be considered as a terrorist. The conclusion of this research indicates a concept which views that the person who did enviromental destruction as terrorism. This concept is textual elaboration which is contained in section 10 Law No. 15, 2003 about the eradication of the terrorism. The crime for environmental destructions which are catagorized as terrorism are as follows: The impacts of the environmental destruction and pollution exceed Baku Mutu Lingkungan Hidup (BMLH), the poisonous chemicals release in the public areas (as happened during internal armed conflict in suriah on March 2011), there are bulk of victims, and it harms and damages the strategical vital objects. Based on those criterion, the environmental destruction is considered as equal as terrorism, because they are catagorized as a crime againts humanity. The environmental destruction happens because of low obedience and awareness of people to protect and to save the environment and it could be indicator that the law enforcement for environmental protection and management has not gone well yet. Based on this concept, it is expected that the responsibility and commitment of Indonesia could be achieved in order to ensure the protection and fulfillment of the environment and human rights and to reach the aims of environmental justice.


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