Carbon Dioxide Washout of an Emergency Breathing System Mask Modified for Use in the Advanced Seal Delivery System (ASDS) Trainer

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Carlson ◽  
D. Warkander
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Breathing System

scholarly journals Comparison in Spontaneous Ventilation of the Maxima with the Humphrey ADE Breathing System and between Four Methods for Detecting Rebreathing

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Miller ◽  
A. Palm
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Breathing System ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Efferent Limb ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reservoir Systems

An enclosed efferent, afferent reservoir breathing system (Maxima, Life Air Pty Ltd), being valveless, was compared to a simple afferent reservoir system (Humphrey ADE, A mode), having a valve, by assessing fresh gas flow (V̇F) requirements, with respect to ventilation (V̇E), that prevents rebreathing in volunteers, awake and breathing spontaneously. The results are recorded in terms of the quotient V̇F/V̇E associated with the onset of rebreathing. At the same time four clinical methods for assessing rebreathing were evaluated from the perspective of suitability for practical application during anaesthesia. No significant difference was found in the VF requirements between the ADE and Maxima breathing systems with respective values obtained for the quotient VF/VE of 0.80 and 0.77. Our findings showed that the method of sampling carbon dioxide (CO2) at the outflow of the efferent limb of the patient connector (eliminated CO2 method) in both afferent reservoir systems provided the highest flow rate and most reliable indication for detecting potential or actual rebreathing, when attempting to minimize VF. It provides no additional deadspace or resistance to gas flow, and has the advantage of being the only qualitative method that is reliable for the purpose of detecting the onset of rebreathing.

Carbon dioxide narcosis due to human error in a dog

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001053
Author(s):  
Victoria Phillips ◽  
Alessandra Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽  
Breathing System ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Inhalational Anaesthesia ◽  
Prolonged Recovery ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Circle Breathing System

Incorrect assembly of a parallel Lack (Mapleson A) breathing system resulted in carbon dioxide narcosis in a dog due to rebreathing of expiratory gases. A seven-year-old, male neutered Rottweiler, weighing 49 kg, failed to recover after discontinuation of inhalational anaesthesia following a forequarter amputation for osteosarcoma. During recovery, the endotracheal tube had been connected to a parallel Lack anaesthetic breathing system delivering 100 per cent oxygen at 5 l/minute. Although a prolonged recovery, 30 minutes, all vital parameters were considered within normal limits until a severe increase in respiratory effort was noted. Capnography revealed rebreathing with an end-tidal carbon dioxide tension of >150 mm Hg (>19.9 kPa). The dog was transferred to a circle breathing system, and with normalisation of the capnogram, recovery proceeded without further complications. Visual inspection of the parallel Lack breathing system revealed misassembly which had resulted in rebreathing of expiratory gases, extreme hypercapnia causing prolonged recovery due to narcosis.

Treatment of Tracheal and Endobronchial Lesions with the Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Laser

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Potassium Titanyl Phosphate ◽  
Ktp Laser ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Quartz Fiber ◽  
And Control ◽  
Potassium Titanyl Phosphate Laser

Lower tracheal and endobronchial lesions represent a difficult management problem. While there has been some success in the treatment of these lesions with the carbon dioxide laser, the limitations of its delivery system have restricted its use in infants and neonates. The potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser, transmitted via a flexible quartz fiber, can be precisely manipulated even through rigid pediatric bronchoscopes as small as 3.0 mm. In addition, the Hopkins telescopic lens may be used to improve visualization and control. We report our experience using the KTP laser to treat 15 pediatric patients with tracheal and endobronchial lesions. The nature of the lesions, the details of the technique, and the results are presented.

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