Monitoring Anthrax Vaccine Safety in US Military Service Members on Active Duty: Surveillance of Hospitalizations in Temporal Association with Immunization 1998

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Sato ◽  
Robert J. Reed ◽  
Tyler C. Smith ◽  
Linda Wang
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Anthrax Vaccine ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Military Service Members

Interventions to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health in US Active Duty Military Service Members: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. Vargas ◽  
Colby Norris ◽  
Ryan R. Landoll ◽  
Baylee Crone ◽  
Madison F. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Active Duty Military ◽  
Military Service Members

Objective: To identify and describe behavioral interventions to promote sexual and reproductive health among US active duty military service members. Data Sources: Systematic searches of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychINFO (N = 1609 records). Inclusion Criteria: English-language articles published between 1991 and 2018 and retrieved using search terms related to military service, interventions, and sexual and reproductive health. Exclusion Criteria: Articles excluded if not empirically based, not published in peer-reviewed journals, did not sample active duty US military personnel, and did not examine the effectiveness of specified preventive sexual or reproductive health intervention(s). Data Extraction: Teams of paired authors extracted study rationale; aims; design; setting; description of the intervention; measures; sample demographics; clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial outcomes; and conclusions. Data Synthesis: Given the heterogeneity of studies, narrative synthesis was performed. Results: Fifteen articles met inclusion criteria: 10 focused on sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition and/or unintended pregnancy and 5 on sexual assault. Studies that assessed clinical outcomes found that interventions were associated with lower rates of STIs and/or unintended pregnancy. Significant effects were found on knowledge-related outcomes, while mixed effects were found on attitudes, intentions, and behaviors. Conclusions: Current evidence on the effectiveness of sexual and reproductive health interventions in the US military is limited in quality and scope. Promoting sexual and reproductive health in this population is critical to maintaining well-being among servicemembers, their families, and the communities surrounding military installations.

Examining the link between prior suicidality and subsequent suicidal ideation among high-risk US military service members

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (13) ◽  
pp. 2237-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Mary E. Duffy ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Jetta E. Hanson ◽  
Peter M. Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Thwarted Belongingness ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundResearch is needed to identify the factors that explain the link between prior and future suicidality. This study evaluated possible mediators of the relationship between: (1) the severity of prior suicidality and (2) suicidal ideation severity at 3-month follow-up among a sample of high-risk military personnel.MethodsUS military service members referred to or seeking care for suicide risk (N = 624) completed self-report psychiatric domain measures and a clinician interview assessing prior suicidality severity at baseline. Three months later, participants completed a self-report measure of suicidal ideation severity. Three separate percentile bootstrap mediation models were used to examine psychiatric factors (i.e. alcohol abuse, anxiety sensitivity, hopelessness, insomnia, posttraumatic stress symptoms, suicidal ideation, and thwarted belongingness) as parallel mediators of the relationship between prior suicidality severity (specifically, suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and overall suicidality – i.e. ideation/attempt severity combined) at baseline and suicidal ideation severity at follow-up.ResultsHopelessness, specifically, and the total effect of all mediators, each significantly accounted for the relationship between prior suicidality severity and subsequent ideation severity across models. In the models with attempt severity and overall suicidality severity as predictors, thwarted belongingness was also a significant mediator.ConclusionsHopelessness, thwarted belongingness, and overall severity of psychiatric indices may explain the relationship between prior suicidality severity and future suicidal ideation severity among service members at elevated suicide risk. Research is needed to replicate these findings and examine other possible mediators.

Incidence of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea in active duty United States military service members

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A Moore ◽  
Lynn M Tison ◽  
Javier G Palacios ◽  
Alan L Peterson ◽  
Vincent Mysliwiec
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Service Members ◽  
United States Military ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Study Objectives Epidemiologic studies of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insomnia in the U.S. military are limited. The primary aim of this study was to report and compare OSA and insomnia diagnoses in active duty the United States military service members. Method Data and service branch densities used to derive the expected rates of diagnoses on insomnia and OSA were drawn from the Defense Medical Epidemiology Database. Single sample chi-square goodness of fit tests and independent samples t-tests were conducted to address the aims of the study. Results Between 2005 and 2019, incidence rates of OSA and insomnia increased from 11 to 333 and 6 to 272 (per 10,000), respectively. Service members in the Air Force, Navy, and Marines were diagnosed with insomnia and OSA below expected rates, while those in the Army had higher than expected rates (p < .001). Female service members were underdiagnosed in both disorders (p < .001). Comparison of diagnoses following the transition from ICD 9 to 10 codes revealed significant differences in the amounts of OSA diagnoses only (p < .05). Conclusion Since 2005, incidence rates of OSA and insomnia have markedly increased across all branches of the U.S. military. Despite similar requirements for overall physical and mental health and resilience, service members in the Army had higher rates of insomnia and OSA. This unexpected finding may relate to inherent differences in the branches of the military or the role of the Army in combat operations. Future studies utilizing military-specific data and directed interventions are required to reverse this negative trend.

scholarly journals Symptom Reporting Patterns of US Military Service Members with a History of Concussion According to Duty Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa H Lu ◽  
Doug B Cooper ◽  
Matthew W Reid ◽  
Bilal Khokhar ◽  
Jennifer E Tsagaratos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals PERIACETABULAR OSTEOTOMY IN ACTIVE DUTY U.S. MILITARY PERSONNEL: A SINGLE CENTER’S EXPERIENCE WITH A MINIMUM OF TWO YEARS FOLLOW-UP

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0014
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Murtha ◽  
Matthew R. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Periacetabular Osteotomy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
Active Service ◽  
The Impact

Background: The primary focus of periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) literature has been survivorship until hip arthroplasty. This endpoint overlooks its impact on young, active patients. Hypothesis/Purpose: This study sought to assess the impact of the PAO on the careers of active duty members of the United States Armed Forces. Methods: A retrospective review identified 38 patients who underwent PAO performed by a single surgeon at an academic, military medical center from January 2014 through April 2017. Twenty-one of the patients were active duty United States military service members (16 female, 5 male) and had a minimum 28 months of post-operative follow-up at the time of review. Preoperative and postoperative duty restrictions were noted and referrals to the U.S Army and U.S. Air Force Medical Evaluation Boards (MEB) were queried. Results: The average age at surgery was 25.6 years (range, 19-40y). Preoperatively, sixteen patients (94.1%) were on duty restrictions, one had been referred to the MEB, and records were not available on three patients who separated from the military prior to review. Average follow-up was 3.4 years (range, 2.3 – 5.4y). Among the patients without a preoperative MEB referral, 85.0% remained on active duty (n = 12) or completed their military service commitment (n=5). Of the fourteen patients with temporary duty restrictions preoperatively, 35.7% (n=5) were relieved of their restrictions and returned to full duty and 50% (n=7) were retained on active service with permanent duty restrictions. Such permanent duty restrictions typically consisted of modifications to the aerobic component of the semiannual military fitness testing. Six patients (28.6%) were referred to the MEB including one who was referred prior to PAO. Of these patients, two were deemed fit to retain on active service with permanent duty restrictions, two were medically separated for non-hip conditions, and two were medically separated for a hip condition. The average Veteran Affairs (VA) disability score related to hip pathology in patients referred to MEB was 16% (range 0-40%). Conclusion: This is the first study to look at the PAO in active duty military service members. In patients with symptomatic acetabular dysplasia, PAO may provide an opportunity to relieve preoperative duty restrictions and allow for continued military service. Further study with the inclusion of patient reported outcomes are necessary assess the impact of the procedure in this active patient population.

scholarly journals ‘Master My Demons’: art therapy montage paintings by active-duty military service members with traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marygrace Berberian ◽  
Melissa S Walker ◽  
Girija Kaimal
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Active Duty Military ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
Post Traumatic

This study involved a thematic analysis of montage paintings and of related clinical records of 240 active-duty military service members collected during their art therapy treatment for traumatic brain injury and underlying psychological health concerns, including post-traumatic stress, at the National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Congruent with other research findings, the qualitative analyses of this study suggest that the group art therapy experiences fostered improvement in interpersonal relatedness, hopefulness and gratification for the service members in treatment, aiding in externalisation, progressive exposure and construction of a trauma narrative imperative for recovery. The mixed media nature of the montage painting supported the expression of a range of postcombat symptoms. Results from this study highlighted the complexity of military culture, necessitating a broader scope of analyses for how art therapy helps service members express and communicate their challenges to care providers, peers and family as well as regulate emotion in the short and long term.

scholarly journals Investigating the reliability of suicide attempt history reporting across five measures: A study of US military service members at risk of suicide

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1332-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
Mary E. Duffy ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Jetta E. Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Military Service Members
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