Experimental Studies of Shock Interaction Phenomena Associated with Hypersonic Airbreathing Propulsion

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Holden ◽  
Timothy P. Wadhams ◽  
Gregory J. Smolinski ◽  
Ronald A. Parker ◽  
John. K. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Shock Interaction ◽  
Interaction Phenomena

scholarly journals Model of high-speed shock interaction with compatible type

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Anatolii Kovtun ◽  
Volodymyr Tabunenko ◽  
Serhii Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Shock Interaction ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Hollow Cylinders ◽  
Protective Structures

In connection with military operations, the issue of developing protection for military personnel against bullets and splinters remains an issue. Modern studies of the interaction of bullets and fragments with protective obstacles are based on the search for new types of structures and materials of protection. The focus is on the development of NATO-compliant protective structures to increase the level of protection for military personnel using low-cost, affordable materials with minimal production and intended use. Despite some advances in the study of solid-body impact, the known results of theoretical and experimental studies do not describe the overall picture of the interaction of the element of damage and interference. When designing protective structures, only certain aspects of the shock interaction are considered, based on the absorption of the kinetic energy of the element of damage. Therefore, it remains important for the scientific and technical task - to continue the study of the process of interaction of bullets (fragments) with protective obstacles, at the stages of penetration, penetration and their departure, which will allow to develop new models of protection structure of military personnel that are relevant for military use. The main method of studying the process of striking and punching an obstacle with a bullet (fragment) is a combination of analytical and experimental studies. Analytical methods of research are based on mathematical modeling of stages of interaction of bullets (fragments) with elements of a protective obstacle with the subsequent carrying out of corresponding mathematical calculations. Experimental research methods are based on determining the level of security and require complex research in laboratory and polygonal conditions. The combination of analytical and experimental research results makes it possible to consider the level of security more fully. In this work the process of interaction of a ball (fragment) with the protective obstacles formed by a set of hollow cylinders of compatible type is considered. Models for determining the depth of penetration of the impactor into the obstacle in the form of a set of hollow cylinders of compatible type are proposed. The results of calculations of the depth of penetration of the ball from Kalashnikov (AK-74) in steel hollow cylinders of compatible type are presented. Further research is concerned with improving the design of armor by developing new technical solutions using the latest technologies.

3-D reconstruction and analysis of mammalian mitotic spindle structure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald ◽  
David Mastronarde ◽  
Rubai Ding ◽  
Eileen O'Toole ◽  
J. Richard McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mitotic Spindles ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spindle Structure ◽  
Tissue Culture Line

Mammalian spindles are generally large and may contain over a thousand microtubules (MTs). For this reason they are difficult to reconstruct in three dimensions and many researchers have chosen to study the smaller and simpler spindles of lower eukaryotes. Nevertheless, the mammalian spindle is used for many experimental studies and it would be useful to know its detailed structure.We have been using serial cross sections and computer reconstruction methods to analyze MT distributions in mitotic spindles of PtK cells, a mammalian tissue culture line. Images from EM negatives are digtized on a light box by a Dage MTI video camera containing a black and white Saticon tube. The signal is digitized by a Parallax 1280 graphics device in a MicroVax III computer. Microtubules are digitized at a magnification such that each is 10-12 pixels in diameter.

Effects of Attachment Styles on the Experience of Equity in Heterosexual Couples Relationships

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Grau ◽  
Jörg Doll
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Equity Ratio

Abstract. Employing one correlational and two experimental studies, this paper examines the influence of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on a person’s experience of equity in intimate relationships. While one experimental study employed a priming technique to stimulate the different attachment styles, the other involved vignettes describing fictitious characters with typical attachment styles. As the specific hypotheses about the single equity components have been developed on the basis of the attachment theory, the equity ratio itself and the four equity components (own outcome, own input, partner’s outcome, partner’s input) are analyzed as dependent variables. While partners with a secure attachment style tend to describe their relationship as equitable (i.e., they give and take extensively), partners who feel anxious about their relationship generally see themselves as being in an inequitable, disadvantaged position (i.e., they receive little from their partner). The hypothesis that avoidant partners would feel advantaged as they were less committed was only supported by the correlational study. Against expectations, the results of both experiments indicate that avoidant partners generally see themselves (or see avoidant vignettes) as being treated equitably, but that there is less emotional exchange than is the case with secure partners. Avoidant partners give and take less than secure ones.

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

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