A Novel Role for C/EBP in Mammary Development and Breast Cancer

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Zahnow
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Development

scholarly journals Windows in early mammary development: critical or not?

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Knight ◽  
A Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Two critical windows in mammary development have been proposed. The first arises from observations in rodents that nutrition during fetal and neonatal periods can affect mammary ductular outgrowth, subsequent proliferative activity and, eventually, tumorigenesis, that is, potentially it could have a long-term effect on pathological outcome (breast cancer) in women. The second similarly involves early diet, but in this case the outcome is phenotypic, in that dairy heifers reared too quickly during the peripubertal period subsequently show impaired udder development and reduced milk yield persisting throughout life. Most mammary development occurs during pregnancy, but this period is usually thought of only in terms of the immediate outcome for the subsequent lactation; it is not believed to be a critical window, at least in terms of lifetime mammary productivity. This review examines the evidence underlying these various claims and attempts to define the mechanisms involved, and also considers whether derangements occurring earlier in life (prenatally) could also have long-term consequences for physiological or pathological mammary development.

Discoidin Domain Receptors in Normal Mammary Development and Breast Cancer Progression

2016 ◽  
pp. 119-144
Author(s):  
Sandamali A. Ekanayaka ◽  
Celina G. Kleer ◽  
Aliccia Bollig-Fischer ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandez-Valdivia ◽  
Rafael Fridman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Breast Cancer Progression ◽  
Discoidin Domain Receptors

scholarly journals SNORD-host RNA Zfas1 is a regulator of mammary development and a potential marker for breast cancer

RNA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Askarian-Amiri ◽  
J. Crawford ◽  
J. D. French ◽  
C. E. Smart ◽  
M. A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Potential Marker

scholarly journals The mammary stem cell hierarchy: a looking glass into heterogeneous breast cancer landscapes

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. T161-T176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amulya Sreekumar ◽  
Kevin Roarty ◽  
Jeffrey M Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Mammary Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Hierarchy

The mammary gland is a dynamic organ that undergoes extensive morphogenesis during the different stages of embryonic development, puberty, estrus, pregnancy, lactation and involution. Systemic and local cues underlie this constant tissue remodeling and act by eliciting an intricate pattern of responses in the mammary epithelial and stromal cells. Decades of studies utilizing methods such as transplantation and lineage-tracing have identified a complex hierarchy of mammary stem cells, progenitors and differentiated epithelial cells that fuel mammary epithelial development. Importantly, these studies have extended our understanding of the molecular crosstalk between cell types and the signaling pathways maintaining normal homeostasis that often are deregulated during tumorigenesis. While several questions remain, this research has many implications for breast cancer. Fundamental among these are the identification of the cells of origin for the multiple subtypes of breast cancer and the understanding of tumor heterogeneity. A deeper understanding of these critical questions will unveil novel breast cancer drug targets and treatment paradigms. In this review, we provide a current overview of normal mammary development and tumorigenesis from a stem cell perspective.

scholarly journals Left–right analysis of mammary gland development in retinoid X receptor-α +/− mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1710) ◽  
pp. 20150416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqulyne P. Robichaux ◽  
John W. Fuseler ◽  
Shrusti S. Patel ◽  
Steven W. Kubalak ◽  
Adam Hartstone-Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Retinoid X Receptor ◽  
Breast Development

Left–right (L–R) differences in mammographic parenchymal patterns are an early predictor of breast cancer risk; however, the basis for this asymmetry is unknown. Here, we use retinoid X receptor alpha heterozygous null (RXRα +/− ) mice to propose a developmental origin: perturbation of coordinated anterior–posterior (A–P) and L–R axial body patterning. We hypothesized that by analogy to somitogenesis—in which retinoic acid (RA) attenuation causes anterior somite pairs to develop L–R asynchronously—that RA pathway perturbation would likewise result in asymmetric mammary development. To test this, mammary glands of RXRα +/− mice were quantitatively assessed to compare left- versus right-side ductal epithelial networks. Unlike wild-type controls, half of the RXRα +/− thoracic mammary gland (TMG) pairs exhibited significant L–R asymmetry, with left-side reduction in network size. In RXRα +/− TMGs in which symmetry was maintained, networks had bilaterally increased size, with left networks showing greater variability in area and pattern. Reminiscent of posterior somites, whose bilateral symmetry is refractory to RA attenuation, inguinal mammary glands (IMGs) also had bilaterally increased network size, but no loss of symmetry. Together, these results demonstrate that mammary glands exhibit differential A–P sensitivity to RXRα heterozygosity, with ductal network symmetry markedly compromised in anterior but not posterior glands. As TMGs more closely model human breast development than IMGs, these findings raise the possibility that for some women, breast cancer risk may initiate with subtle axial patterning defects that result in L–R asymmetric growth and pattern of the mammary ductal epithelium. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Provocative questions in left–right asymmetry’.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document