Intersubband Quantum Cascade Infrared Laser Development. Phase 1.

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Bacher
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Nieva Sánchez

Research, development and application of entrepreneurship models based on the methodology described by Eric Ries, an entrepreneur and businessman who, after several experiences of failure in startUP project development in Silicon Valley (USA), understood that for his business model works, it had to evolve; firstly, optimizing costs in the product development phase and secondly, concentrating time using a 3-phase wheel: I. Prototype launch II. Collecting customer experience and satisfaction metrics, answering the question “Does it meet the customer's need?” III. Learning and improving the final product adapting it to the experience collected. This business model makes business projects viable in the early stages of development, which must evolve to adapt to the market. Laboratorios Avanceutics is an entrepreneurial project led by María Moreno - Pharmaceutical and CFO, and Jesús Nieva Pharmaceutical and CEO. This project is focused on the formulation, development and manufacture of phytotherapeutics, nutraceuticals and functional supplementation for the pharma sector. Through market research and after cost evaluation, we understood that the investment in both fixed and variable costs at the beginning of the project in Pre-Seed phase, was very high. Therefore, in order to make the project economically viable, we had to look for alternatives that do not increase the financial burden but to optimize it. For this reason, we managed to adapt the Lean StarUP method to the different phases of laboratory development, carrying out a cost optimization that made possible to develop the first formulations to launch on the market. The methodology used in the optimization of resources was applied, adapted, and divided into: Phase 1: Elimination of intermediaries. Focused on research and learning in conducting: market studies, marketing, regulatory and National (Aecosan) and European (Efsa) legislation, graphic design, die-cutting, web design (html - wordpress) for ecommerce development. Phase 2: Stock adaptation, negotiation with supplier laboratories to adapt the minimum purchases to the needs, making consumption agreements. Within the product development methodology, we have subdivided 4 stages that help us to optimize the management of the formulation from its origin, these phases are F.1 discovery, F.2 Pre-formulation, F.3 Development (phase A) and F. 4 Development (phase B) and launch. As a result of the adaptation of this model and of our own research, it has been possible to develop 7 formulations in a short space of time and making the first phases of implementation and market access of the project viable, all within one of the most important and competitiveness sectors such as the pharmaceutical market.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Salustri ◽  
Erica Attard ◽  
Michael Grieg ◽  
W. Patrick Neumann

<div>The instructors of the undergraduate cornerstone design course in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Ryerson University aim to integrate diversity and inclusion into students’ design education. Our goal is to provide resources that students can use to understand human capabilities and limitations, so their designs are better suited to a wide range of users. The project was broken down in four phases: Phase 1 consisted of scoping deliverables and background research; Phase 2 included courseware development; Phase 3 employed the courseware into the Fall 2019 offering of our cornerstone design course; and Phase 4 reviewed and analysed student’s work to determine the efficacy of the courseware.</div><div>To initiate this effort, we focused on three Human Factors: vision, hearing, and strength. We created a process whereby students could assess these Factors quantitatively for specific interactions and use the assessments to justify specific functional requirements and constraints of their own designs.</div>


2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Ellis ◽  
J. G. Murphy ◽  
E. Pattey ◽  
R. van Haarlem ◽  
J. M. O'Brien ◽  
...  

Abstract. A compact, fast-response Quantum Cascade Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectrometer (QC-TILDAS) for measurements of ammonia (NH3) has been evaluated under both laboratory and field conditions. Absorption of radiation from a pulsed, thermoelectrically cooled QC laser occurs at reduced pressure in a 0.5 L multiple pass absorption cell with an effective path length of 76 m. Detection is achieved using a thermoelectrically-cooled Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) infrared detector. A novel sampling inlet was used, consisting of a short, heated, quartz tube with a hydrophobic coating to minimize the adsorption of NH3 to surfaces. The inlet contains a critical orifice that reduces the pressure, a virtual impactor for separation of particles, and additional ports for delivering NH3-free background air and calibration gas standards. The level of noise in this instrument has been found to be 0.23 ppb at 1 Hz. The sampling technique has been compared to the results of a conventional lead salt Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometer (TDLAS) during a laboratory intercomparison. The effect of humidity and heat on the surface interaction of NH3 with sample tubing was investigated at mixing ratios ranging from 30–1000 ppb. Humidity was seen to worsen the NH3 time response and considerable improvement was observed when using a heated sampling line. A field intercomparison of the QC-TILDAS with a modified Thermo 42CTL chemiluminescence-based analyzer was also performed at Environment Canada's Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments (CARE) in the rural town of Egbert, ON between May–July 2008. Background tests and calibrations using two different permeation tube sources and an NH3 gas cylinder were regularly carried out throughout the study. Results indicate a very good correlation at 1 min time resolution (R2 = 0.93) between the two instruments at the beginning of the study, when regular background subtraction was applied to the QC-TILDAS. An overall good correlation of R2 = 0.85 was obtained over the entire two month data set, where the majority of the spread can be attributed to differences in inlet design and background subtraction methods.


1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Som R. Soni ◽  
J. B. Skidmore ◽  
Rajesh Tiwari ◽  
R. M. Mckellar ◽  
Perry P. Yaney

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Bluiett ◽  
N. J. Condon ◽  
S. O'Connor ◽  
S. R. Bowman ◽  
Michael Logie ◽  
...  

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