A Job Aid: Incorporating Continuous Operations Considerations in Unit Design.

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Petronis ◽  
C. W. Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Unit Design ◽  
Job Aid

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Assessment of Coal-Fired Power Unit Decarbonization Retrofit with KP-FHR Small Modular Reactors

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2557
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bartela ◽  
Paweł Gładysz ◽  
Charalampos Andreades ◽  
Staffan Qvist ◽  
Janusz Zdeb
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Small Modular Reactors ◽  
Greenfield Investments ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Eu

The near and mid-term future of the existing Polish coal-fired power fleet is uncertain. The longer-term operation of unabated coal power is incompatible with climate policy and is economically challenging because of the increasing price of CO2 emission allowances in the EU. The results of the techno-economic analysis presented in this paper indicate that the retrofit of existing coal-fired units, by means of replacing coal-fired boilers with small modular reactors, may be an interesting option for the Polish energy sector. It has been shown that the retrofit can reduce the costs in relation to greenfield investments by as much as 35%. This analysis focuses on the repowering of a 460 MW supercritical coal-fired unit based on the Łagisza power plant design with high temperature small modular nuclear reactors based on the 320 MWth unit design by Kairos Power. The technical analyses did not show any major difficulties in integrating. The economic analyses show that the proposed retrofits can be economically justified, and, in this respect, they are more advantageous than greenfield investments. For the base economic scenario, the difference in NPV (Net Present Value) is more favorable for the retrofit by 556.9 M€ and the discounted payback period for this pathway is 10 years.

Sampling unit for efficient signal detection and application to liquid chromatography-Raman spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hao Lo ◽  
Shu-Chi Li ◽  
Hirotsugu Hiramatsu
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Sampling Unit ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Unit Design

A new sampling unit design enhances the signal intensity and is available to combine Raman spectrometer with liquid chromatography.

scholarly journals Social Housing Customization in Brazil

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-601
Author(s):  
Luisa Felix Dalla Vecchia ◽  
Nirce Saffer Medvedovski
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
The City ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Housing Units

Social housing customization in Brazil refers to the current processes of development and evolution of government-funded neighborhoods for the lowest-income population. The mass production of small housing units that do not satisfy family needs instigates a self-design and self-construction process post-occupancy to customize the units. Ultimately, these changes to the units bring unintended negative consequences for the families and the city. In this context, mass customization is seen as an alternative to address some of the problems related to unit design.

Shifting Landscapes: The Impact of Centralized and Decentralized Nursing Station Models on the Efficiency of Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Fay ◽  
Allison Carll-White ◽  
Aric Schadler ◽  
Kathy B. Isaacs ◽  
Kevin Real
Keyword(s):  
Team Approach ◽  
Culture Of Care ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Nursing Station ◽  
Efficient Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Integrated Team ◽  
Data Collection Approach

Objective: The focus of this research was to analyze the impact of decentralized and centralized hospital design layouts on the delivery of efficient care and the resultant level of caregiver satisfaction. Background: An interdisciplinary team conducted a multiphased pre- and postoccupancy evaluation of a cardiovascular service line in an academic hospital that moved from a centralized to decentralized model. This study examined the impact of walkability, room usage, allocation of time, and visibility to better understand efficiency in the care environment. Method: A mixed-methods data collection approach was utilized, which included pedometer measurements of staff walking distances, room usage data, time studies in patient rooms and nurses’ stations, visibility counts, and staff questionnaires yielding qualitative and quantitative results. Results: Overall, the data comparing the centralized and decentralized models yielded mixed results. This study’s centralized design was rated significantly higher in its ability to support teamwork and efficient patient care with decreased staff walking distances. The decentralized unit design was found to positively influence proximity to patients in a larger design footprint and contribute to increased visits to and time spent in patient rooms. Conclusion: Among the factors contributing to caregiver efficiency and satisfaction are nursing station design, an integrated team approach, and the overall physical layout of the space on walkability, allocation of caregiver time, and visibility. However, unit design alone does not solely impact efficiency, suggesting that designers must consider the broader implications of a culture of care and processes.

scholarly journals Carbon capture test unit design and development using amine-based solid sorbent

2016 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Breault ◽  
James L. Spenik ◽  
Lawrence J. Shadle ◽  
James S. Hoffman ◽  
McMahan L. Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Test Unit ◽  
Solid Sorbent ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Unit Design

scholarly journals Using video in childbirth research

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Davis Harte ◽  
Caroline SE Homer ◽  
Athena Sheehan ◽  
Nicky Leap ◽  
Maralyn Foureur
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Video Research ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Conducting video-research in birth settings raises challenges for ethics review boards to view birthing women and research-midwives as capable, autonomous decision-makers. Aim: This study aimed to gain an understanding of how the ethical approval process was experienced and to chronicle the perceived risks and benefits. Research design: The Birth Unit Design project was a 2012 Australian ethnographic study that used video recording to investigate the physical design features in the hospital birthing space that might influence both verbal and non-verbal communication and the experiences of childbearing women, midwives and supporters. Participants and research context: Six women, 11 midwives and 11 childbirth supporters were filmed during the women’s labours in hospital birth units and interviewed 6 weeks later. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by an Australian Health Research Ethics Committee after a protracted process of negotiation. Findings: The ethics committee was influenced by a traditional view of research as based on scientific experiments resulting in a poor understanding of video-ethnographic research, a paradigmatic view of the politics and practicalities of modern childbirth processes, a desire to protect institutions from litigation, and what we perceived as a paternalistic approach towards protecting participants, one that was at odds with our aim to facilitate situations in which women could make flexible, autonomous decisions about how they might engage with the research process. Discussion: The perceived need for protection was overly burdensome and against the wishes of the participants themselves; ultimately, this limited the capacity of the study to improve care for women and babies. Conclusion: Recommendations are offered for those involved in ethical approval processes for qualitative research in childbirth settings. The complexity of issues within childbirth settings, as in most modern healthcare settings, should be analysed using a variety of research approaches, beyond efficacy-style randomised controlled trials, to expand and improve practice-based results.

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