Development and Evaluation of a Task Taxonomy to Support Research on Cross-Job Transferability of Skills.

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Lance ◽  
David L. Mayfield ◽  
Michael J. Kavanagh ◽  
R. B. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Task Taxonomy ◽  
Support Research

Development and evaluation of a task taxonomy to support research on cross-job transferability of skills.

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Lance ◽  
David L. Mayfield ◽  
Michael J. Kavanagh ◽  
R. Bruce Gould
Keyword(s):  
Task Taxonomy ◽  
Support Research

scholarly journals 913. Distribution of Respiratory Viral Pathogens in Infants Across Different Clinical Settings from December 2019 to April 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S491-S492
Author(s):  
Zaid Haddadin ◽  
Danielle A Rankin ◽  
loren lipworth ◽  
Jon Fryzek ◽  
Mina Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Viral Testing ◽  
Support Research ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children, with viral pathogens being the most common etiologies. However, due to limited and inconsistent clinical diagnostic viral testing in the outpatient (OP) setting compared to the inpatient (IP) setting, the actual burden and distribution of viral pathogens across these clinical settings remain largely underreported. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of common respiratory viruses in medically attended ARI in infants. Methods We conducted a prospective viral surveillance study in Davidson County, TN. Eligible infants under one year presenting with fever and/or respiratory symptoms were enrolled from OP, emergency department (ED), or IP settings. Nasal swabs were collected and tested for common viral pathogens using Luminex® NxTAG Respiratory Pathogen Panel and for SARS-CoV-2 using Luminex® NxTAG CoV extended panel. Results From 12/16/2019 to 4/30/2020, 364 infants were enrolled, and 361 (99%) had nasal swabs collected and tested. Of those, 295 (82%) had at least one virus detected; rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) [124 (42%)], respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) [101 (32%)], and influenza (flu) [44 (15%)] were the three most common pathogens detected. No samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Overall, the mean age was 6.1 months, 50% were male, 45% White and 27% Hispanic. Figure 1 shows the total number of PCR viral testing results by month. RSV was the most frequent virus detected in the IP (63%) and ED (37%) settings, while RV/EV was the most common in the OP setting (Figure 2). Figure 3 displays viral seasonality by clinical setting, showing an abrupt decrease in virus-positive cases following the implementation of a stay-at-home order on March 23, 2020 in Nashville, TN. Distribution of Respiratory Viruses in Different Settings Distribution of Respiratory Viruses in Different Settings by Season Conclusion Most medical encounters in infants are due to viral pathogens, with RSV, RV/EV, and flu being the most common. However, distributions differed by clinical setting, with RSV being the most frequently detected in the IP and ED settings, and second to RV/EV in the OP setting. Continued active viral ARI surveillance in various clinical settings is warranted. Preventative measures such as vaccines and infection control measures deserve study to reduce viral ARI burden. Disclosures Zaid Haddadin, MD, CDC (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Quidel Corporation (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)sanofi pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Danielle A. Rankin, MPH, CIC, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Jon Fryzek, PhD, MPH, EpidStrategies (Employee) Mina Suh, MPH, International Health, EpidStrategies (Employee) Donald S. Shepard, PhD, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support) Natasha B. Halasa, MD, MPH, Genentech (Other Financial or Material Support, I receive an honorarium for lectures - it’s a education grant, supported by genetech)Karius (Consultant)Moderna (Consultant)Quidel (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Sanofi (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)

scholarly journals 673. Updated CLSI Ciprofloxacin Breakpoints from a Multicenter Assessment for Enterobacterales, Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using MicroScan Dried Gram Negative MIC Panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S391-S391
Author(s):  
Maria M Traczewski ◽  
Denise Beasley ◽  
Amanda Harrington ◽  
Sharon DesJarlais ◽  
Omai Garner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Reference Panel ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Research Personnel ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Study Investigator ◽  
Support Research

Abstract Background Updated US FDA/CLSI ciprofloxacin breakpoints were evaluated against data from a multicenter clinical study with Enterobacterales, Salmonella spp. and P. aeruginosa on a MicroScan Dried Gram-negative MIC (MSDGN) Panel. MIC results were compared to results obtained with frozen broth microdilution panels prepared according to CLSI methodology. Methods MSDGN panels were evaluated at three clinical sites by comparing MIC values obtained using the MSDGN panels to MICs utilizing a CLSI broth microdilution reference panel. Data from the combined phases of efficacy and challenge included 803 Enterobacterales, Salmonella spp. and P. aeruginosa clinical isolates tested using the turbidity and Prompt® methods of inoculation. To demonstrate reproducibility, a subset of 12 organisms were tested on MSDGN panels at each site during reproducibility. MSDGN panels were incubated at 35 ± 1ºC and read on the WalkAway System, the autoSCAN-4 instrument, and visually. Read times for the MSDGN panels were at 16-20 hours. Frozen reference panels were prepared and read according to CLSI methodology. FDA and CLSI breakpoints (µg/mL) used for interpretation of MIC results were: Enterobacterales ≤ 0.25 S, 0.5 I, ≥ 1 R; Salmonella spp. ≤ 0.06 S, 0.12-0.5 I, ≥ 1 R; P. aeruginosa ≤ 0.5 S, 1 I, ≥ 2 R. Results Essential and categorical agreement was calculated compared to frozen reference panel results. Results for isolates tested during efficacy and challenge with Prompt inoculation and manual read are as follows: Conclusion Ciprofloxacin MIC results for Enterobacterales, Salmonella spp., and P. aeruginosa obtained with the MSDGN panel correlate well with MICs obtained using frozen reference panels using updated FDA/CLSI interpretive criteria in this multicenter study. * PROMPT® is a registered trademark of 3M Company, St. Paul, MN USA. BEC, the stylized logo and the BEC product and service marks mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of Beckman Coulter, Inc. in the US and other countries. Disclosures Maria M. Traczewski, BS MT (ASCP), Beckman Coulter (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Denise Beasley, BS, Beckman Coulter (Other Financial or Material Support, Research personnel) Amanda Harrington, PhD, Beckman Coulter (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Sharon DesJarlais, BS, Beckman Coulter (Other Financial or Material Support, Research personnel) Omai Garner, PhD, D(ABMM), Beckman Coulter (Scientific Research Study Investigator) Christine Hastey, PhD, Beckman Coulter (Employee) Regina Brookman, BS, Beckman Coulter (Employee) Zabrina Lockett, MS, Beckman Coulter (Employee) Jennifer Chau, PhD, Beckman Coulter (Employee)

scholarly journals 1507. Clinical Characteristics of Common Respiratory Viruses Detected in Infants Across Different Clinical Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S756-S757
Author(s):  
Zaid Haddadin ◽  
Danielle A Rankin ◽  
loren lipworth ◽  
Jon Fryzek ◽  
Mina Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Support Research ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Viral acute respiratory infections (ARI) continues to be a significant cause of healthcare visits in young children. We evaluated the clinical presentation and disease severity of common respiratory viruses associated with medically attended ARI in infants. Methods We conducted a prospective viral surveillance study in Davidson County, TN. Infants under one year with fever and/or respiratory symptoms were enrolled from the outpatient (OP), emergency department (ED), or inpatient (IP) settings from 12/16/2019 through 4/30/2020. Nasal swabs were collected and tested for common viral pathogens using Luminex® NxTAG Respiratory Pathogen Panel. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected through parent/guardian interviews and medical chart abstractions. Results In total, 364 participants were enrolled, and 361 (99%) had nasal swabs collected and tested. Overall, mean age was 6±3.3 months, 50% were female, 45% White, and 27% Hispanic. Of the 295 (82%) virus-positive specimens; the three most common viruses were rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza (flu) [124, 101, and 44, respectively]. Compared to virus-negative infants, virus-positive infants were more likely to have more severe ARI symptoms and to be admitted to the intensive care unit (Table 1). Compared to other virus-positive infants: RV/EV-positive infants were more likely to be White, attend daycare, but less likely to present with respiratory distress, or require oxygen or admission; flu-positive infants were older and more likely to have systemic symptoms rather than ARI symptoms, and RSV-positive infants were more likely to present with respiratory distress, receive oxygen and be hospitalized (Table 1). Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Study Subjects Conclusion The majority of ARI in infants are due to respiratory viruses, with RSV, RV/EV, and flu accounting for over three-quarters of these viruses. The clinical presentations and disease severity differed across the clinical settings and the three main viruses, with RSV being most severe. To decrease the burden of medically attended viral ARI, preventive measures (i.e., developing new vaccines and antivirals), refining current vaccination strategies, and infection control measures are needed. Disclosures Zaid Haddadin, MD, CDC (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Quidel Corporation (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)sanofi pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Danielle A. Rankin, MPH, CIC, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Jon Fryzek, PhD, MPH, EpidStrategies (Employee) Mina Suh, MPH, International Health, EpidStrategies (Employee) Donald S. Shepard, PhD, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support) Natasha B. Halasa, MD, MPH, Genentech (Other Financial or Material Support, I receive an honorarium for lectures - it’s a education grant, supported by genetech)Karius (Consultant)Moderna (Consultant)Quidel (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Sanofi (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)

scholarly journals Exploring the roles and responsibilities of non-medical prescribing leads in the South West of England

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 546-554
Author(s):  
Sally Jarmain ◽  
Nicola Carey
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
The South ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
South West ◽  
Support Research

The aim of this study was to explore the role and responsibilities of non-medical prescriber leads in the southwest of England. A questionnaire was completed by 22 leads in this region in 2019. A total of 2388 healthcare professionals were reported to have the prescribing qualification amongst the 22 participating organisations. Just under half (44.5%) of the leads did not have any designated time to undertake the role, and a third (31.2%) did not have the role included within their job description. The demands of the role were evident in the key areas of activities reported by leads in this study. A total of 21 (95.5%) respondents reported that governance and communication with managers/non-medical prescribers was important or essential to their role, whilst only 11 (50%) described the support of designated medical practitioners in this way. The responsibilities of the leads in the southwest of England are complex, however, many of them undertake the role with limited organisational support. Research is required in order to fully understand the role and responsibilities of the Lead role, so that it can be supported appropriately. Without this, the full benefits of non-medical prescibing are unlikely to be realised, as Leads will not have the time or capacity to undertake the role effectively.

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