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Morphologic analysis of sperm from two neotropical primate species: comparisons between the squirrel monkeys Saimiri collinsi and Saimiri vanzolinii

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199416000411 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 141-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wlaisa V. Sampaio ◽

Karol G. Oliveira ◽

Danuza L. Leão ◽

Maria C. Caldas-Bussiere ◽

Helder L. Queiroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Biological Information ◽

Primate Species ◽

Suitable Model ◽

High Quality ◽

Sperm Morphometry ◽

Species Specific

SummarySperm morphometry can be applied to identify different animal groups and species and to evaluate sperm quality. Furthermore, knowledge on species-specific differences will help to enhance biological information, as well as to develop efficient reproductive technologies. The aims in the present study were to describe sperm morphometry from the recently characterized species S. collinsi and S. vanzolinii, to verify if the morphometric sperm patterns are similar or different between both species, and to determine if the sperm morphometry is affected by the levels of sperm defects using the S. collinsi as a model. Semen was collected from S. collinsi (n = 10) and S. vanzolinii (n = 2) monkeys, and sperm was submitted to morphological analysis. From the 10 samples from S. collinsi, five presented sperm of poor quality and two subgroups were formed for this species, i.e. high and poor quality sperm. Data on sperm motility and vigour were analysed, as well morphometric parameters on sperm head and tail. It was observed the normal morphometry was correlated with high quality sperm. Poor quality sperm presented smaller and 7% more ellipticity in their head, when compared with high quality sperm. Sperm from S. vanzolinii presented larger head than those from S. collinsi, but tail lengths were similar. Sperm morphometry can be used as a complementary tool to predict sperm motility and vigour for the S. collinsi species, and S. collinsi appear as a suitable model for S. vanzolinii.

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Filling in knowledge gaps: Length–weight relations of 46 uncommon sharks and rays (Elasmobranchii) in the Mediterranean Sea

Acta Ichthyologica Et Piscatoria ◽

10.3897/aiep.51.65858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 249-255

Author(s):

Athanassios C. Tsikliras ◽

Donna Dimarchopoulou

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Global Scale ◽

Biological Information ◽

Knowledge Gap ◽

Museum Collections ◽

Bayesian Hierarchical ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Species Specific ◽

Bayesian Hierarchical Method

Large sharks and rays are generally understudied in the Mediterranean Sea, thus leading to a knowledge gap of basic biological characteristics that are important in fisheries management and ecosystem modeling. Out of the 76 sharks and rays inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea, the length–weight relations (LWR) are available for 28 (37%) of them, usually for common small-sized species that are not protected and may be marketed. The aim of the presently reported study was to fill in the knowledge gap through the estimation of LWR of rare and uncommon sharks and rays in the Mediterranean Sea using the information from single records or few individuals. The analysis was based on a Bayesian hierarchical method for estimating length–weight relations in fishes that has been recently proposed for data-deficient species or museum collections and uses the prior knowledge and existing LWR studies to derive species-specific LWR parameters by body form. The use of this method was applied to single records of rare and uncommon species and here we report the LWR of 46 uncommon sharks and ray species, 14 of which are first reported LWR at a global scale and 21 are the first reported LWR for the Mediterranean Sea; the remaining 11 species are first time records for the western or eastern Mediterranean regions. Museum collections and sporadic catch records of rare emblematic species may provide useful biological information with the use of appropriate Bayesian methods.

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Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems

Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems ◽

10.47886/9781934874066.ch33 ◽

2008 ◽

Keyword(s):

Micropterus Salmoides ◽

Lepomis Macrochirus ◽

Northern Pike ◽

Smallmouth Bass ◽

Biological Information ◽

Specific Work ◽

Pomoxis Nigromaculatus ◽

Management Responsibility ◽

Species Specific ◽

Individualized Management

Abstract.—In the 1990s, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Section, responded to angler requests to manage the state’s waters on a more individual basis. Individual waters management often included the development of length-based regulations and/or bag limit reductions. Although the move towards individual waters management was biologically sound and by and large supported by anglers, it also created some problems. By the late 1990s, there were more than 150 specialized regulations for northern pike Esox lucius, walleyes Sander vitreus, largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, smallmouth bass M. dolomieu, black crappies Pomoxis nigromaculatus, white crappies P. annularis, and bluegills Lepomis macrochirus. With management responsibility on more than 6,000 lakes, it became clear that some type of regulation streamlining or standardization was needed. Public input meetings indicated that anglers wanted continued individualized management of lakes and the opportunity to catch quality-sized fish but were concerned about the growing number and complexity of regulations. In response, species-specific work groups consisting of research and management biologists were formed to identify what biological information was available and what was needed to develop a set of species-specific regulations. Standardized regulations were developed for northern pike, walleyes, largemouth and smallmouth bass, bluegills, and both species of crappies. We discuss the development of the standardized regulations for crappies, where size and bag limit categories were established based on growth and natural mortality targets. Future field collections will be required to measure the effectiveness of these regulations.

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Knowledge gaps in demographic, spatial, and biological characteristics of Canadian at-risk plant species.

10.32920/ryerson.14664174 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca J. Parker

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Missing Data ◽

Poisson Distribution ◽

Plant Species ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Biological Information ◽

Missing Information ◽

Abundance Distribution ◽

Abundance Estimates ◽

Species Specific

There are gaps in abundance, distribution, and biological information for many at-risk species, likely because of surveying difficulties. I outline these gaps for Canadian plant species and also suggest species-specific traits that hint at which species are difficult to assess in the field, therefore making them more likely to report missing data. A metaanalysis of COSEWIC listed plant species revealed that only 103 (60%) species had available status reports in 2013. Furthermore, 20% of those species had at least one missing population. Fifty-eight percent of missing information was attributable to missing abundance estimates, 24% percent to geographical information, and 18% to biological information. Finally, a Poisson distribution ANCOVA revealed no significant differences between species reporting uncertain populations and species not reporting such populations, nor in the amount of missing data they reported, with respect to any of the traits identified as potential indicators of surveying difficulty.

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Filling in knowledge gaps: Length–weight relations of 46 uncommon sharks and rays (Elasmobranchii) in the Mediterranean Sea

Acta Ichthyologica Et Piscatoria ◽

10.3897/aiep.51.e65858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 249-255

Author(s):

Athanassios C. Tsikliras ◽

Donna Dimarchopoulou

Keyword(s):

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Eastern Mediterranean ◽

Global Scale ◽

Biological Information ◽

Knowledge Gap ◽

Museum Collections ◽

Bayesian Hierarchical ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Species Specific ◽

Bayesian Hierarchical Method

Large sharks and rays are generally understudied in the Mediterranean Sea, thus leading to a knowledge gap of basic biological characteristics that are important in fisheries management and ecosystem modeling. Out of the 76 sharks and rays inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea, the length–weight relations (LWR) are available for 28 (37%) of them, usually for common small-sized species that are not protected and may be marketed. The aim of the presently reported study was to fill in the knowledge gap through the estimation of LWR of rare and uncommon sharks and rays in the Mediterranean Sea using the information from single records or few individuals. The analysis was based on a Bayesian hierarchical method for estimating length–weight relations in fishes that has been recently proposed for data-deficient species or museum collections and uses the prior knowledge and existing LWR studies to derive species-specific LWR parameters by body form. The use of this method was applied to single records of rare and uncommon species and here we report the LWR of 46 uncommon sharks and ray species, 14 of which are first reported LWR at a global scale and 21 are the first reported LWR for the Mediterranean Sea; the remaining 11 species are first time records for the western or eastern Mediterranean regions. Museum collections and sporadic catch records of rare emblematic species may provide useful biological information with the use of appropriate Bayesian methods.

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Knowledge gaps in demographic, spatial, and biological characteristics of Canadian at-risk plant species.

10.32920/ryerson.14664174.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca J. Parker

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Missing Data ◽

Poisson Distribution ◽

Plant Species ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Biological Information ◽

Missing Information ◽

Abundance Distribution ◽

Abundance Estimates ◽

Species Specific

There are gaps in abundance, distribution, and biological information for many at-risk species, likely because of surveying difficulties. I outline these gaps for Canadian plant species and also suggest species-specific traits that hint at which species are difficult to assess in the field, therefore making them more likely to report missing data. A metaanalysis of COSEWIC listed plant species revealed that only 103 (60%) species had available status reports in 2013. Furthermore, 20% of those species had at least one missing population. Fifty-eight percent of missing information was attributable to missing abundance estimates, 24% percent to geographical information, and 18% to biological information. Finally, a Poisson distribution ANCOVA revealed no significant differences between species reporting uncertain populations and species not reporting such populations, nor in the amount of missing data they reported, with respect to any of the traits identified as potential indicators of surveying difficulty.

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Alu-mediated weak CEBPA binding and slow B cell transdifferentiation in human

10.1101/2021.10.28.466072 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ramil Nurtdinov ◽

Maria Sanz ◽

Amaya Abad ◽

Alexandre Esteban ◽

Sebastian Ullrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Biological Information ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Binding Motifs ◽

Alu Repeats ◽

Natural Processes ◽

Cell Transdifferentiation ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Alu Repeat ◽

Species Specific

Many developmental and differentiation processes take substantially longer in human than in mouse. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, here we have specifically focused on the transdifferentiation from B cells to macrophages. The process is triggered by exactly the same molecular mechanism -- the induction by the transcription factor (TF) CEBPA -- but takes three days in mouse and seven in human. In mouse, the speed of this process is known to be associated with Myc expression. We found that in this species, CEBPA binds strongly to the Myc promoter, efficiently down-regulating Myc. In human, in contrast, CEBPA does not bind this promoter, and MYC is indirectly and more slowly down-regulated. Attenuation of CEBPA binding is not specific to the MYC promoter, but a general trait of the human genome across multiple biological conditions. We traced back weak CEBPA binding to the primate-specific Alu repeat expansion. Many Alu repeats carry strong CEBPA binding motifs, which sequester CEBPA, and attenuate CEBPA binding genome-wide. We observed similar CEBPA and MYC dynamics in natural processes regulated by CEBPA, suggesting that CEBPA attenuation could underlie the longer duration in human processes controlled by this factor. Our work highlights the highly complex mode in which biological information is encoded in genome sequences, evolutionarily connecting, in an unexpected way, lineage-specific transposable element expansions to species-specific changes in developmental tempos.

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Electron Microscopy in the Study of Natural Phytoplankton Assemblages

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119831 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 620-623

Author(s):

Linda Sicko-Goad

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Size Range ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Specific Information ◽

Phytoplankton Assemblages ◽

Phytoplankton Productivity ◽

Ecosystem Effects ◽

Time Of Year ◽

Species Specific

Although the use of electron microscopy and its varied methodologies is not usually associated with ecological studies, the types of species specific information that can be generated by these techniques are often quite useful in predicting long-term ecosystem effects. The utility of these techniques is especially apparent when one considers both the size range of particles found in the aquatic environment and the complexity of the phytoplankton assemblages.The size range and character of organisms found in the aquatic environment are dependent upon a variety of physical parameters that include sampling depth, location, and time of year. In the winter months, all the Laurentian Great Lakes are uniformly mixed and homothermous in the range of 1.1 to 1.7°C. During this time phytoplankton productivity is quite low.

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