Stealth: A Revolutionary Change to Air Warfare

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Revolutionary Change

Challenges Posed by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for South African Higher Education Institutions

10.28945/2679 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Herselman ◽  
HR Hay
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Teaching Learning

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are the major driving forces of globalised and knowledge-based societies of a new world era. They will have a profound impact on teaching and learning for two decades to come. The revolutionary change which is taking place in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), has dramatic effects on the way universities carry out their functions of teaching, learning and research, particularly on the creation, dissemination and application of knowledge. These developments pose unprecedented challenges to higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing countries particular in South Africa as South Africa is viewed as the leading country on the continent.

The International IP System: From Continuity to Resilience

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
International Law ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Multilateral System ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of

This chapter looks at how rule-relations within the international intellectual property (IP) system have developed from continuity (in constantly raising minimum standards) to resilience (against certain forms of increasing protection). It considers the evolution of the international IP system from the nineteenth century onwards, examining how each succeeding changes and additions to the system had established a relationship of continuity which integrates existing standards and adds new ones. The chapter then turns to the emergence of another revolutionary change. The integral nature of the common goals established in TRIPS’ object and purpose creates a form of ‘resilience’ of the multilateral system over attempts for inter-se modifications. Moreover, international law has appropriate tools so that those charged with applying, implementing, and interpreting multilateral IP norms can give effect to this resilience both in relations of interpretation and relations of conflict.

A Brief History of Psoriasis Management in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Khalad Maliyar ◽  
Patrick Fleming ◽  
Boluwaji Ogunyemi ◽  
Charles Lynde
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Biologic Therapies ◽  
First Line ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory disease with a varying degree of clinical presentations. Managing psoriasis has always been arduous due to its chronicity and its propensity to relapse. Prior to the development of targeted biologic therapies, there were few effective treatments for psoriasis. Ancient psoriasis therapies included pinetar, plant extracts, psychotherapy, arsenic, and ammoniated mercury. In the 19th century, chrysarobin was developed. Then, in the early half of the 20th century, anthralin and coal tar were in widespread use. In the latter half of the 20th century, treatments were limited to topical first-line therapies, systemic drugs, and phototherapy. However, as the treatment of psoriasis has undergone a revolutionary change with the development of novel biologic therapies, patients with moderate to severe psoriasis have been able to avail therapies with high efficacy and durability along with an acceptable safety profile. This article is a brief historical review of the management of psoriasis prior to the inception of biologics and with the development of novel biologic therapies.

scholarly journals Disparities by deprivation: The geographical impact of unprecedented changes in local authority financing on the voluntary sector in England

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110348
Author(s):  
David Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Voluntary Sector ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Local Government Finance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deprived Areas

Over the last decade, the local government finance system in England has experienced ‘genuinely revolutionary change’: overall revenues have declined and councils are now more reliant on locally raised taxes. Importantly, the nature of change has varied geographically: urban councils serving poorer communities have experienced the biggest declines in their service spending. This paper considers the impact of these spatially uneven changes on the voluntary sector. We follow through time charities known to be in receipt of local government funding at the time of peak council budgets in 2009–2010 and describe trends in the income of these charities until 2016–2017. We show that, just as the pattern of change in local government financing has been spatially uneven, so the trend in charities’ income has varied geographically. Indeed the spatially regressive nature of recent change in charities’ income is remarkable: while the median charity in the least deprived decile of the local authority distribution experienced little change in their income, the median charity in the most deprived decile experienced a 20% decline. The results provide the strongest evidence to date that, in countries with a history of partnership between government and the voluntary sector, voluntary organisations in more deprived areas are particularly vulnerable to sizeable reductions in the level of local government spending. Indeed, by illustrating for the first time the sizeable reductions in the income of charities in disadvantaged communities, the results demonstrate an important mechanism through which ‘austerity urbanism’ becomes salient in the lives of individuals in deprived areas.

International Relations an a World of Revolutionary Change

1949 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Easton Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
New York ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Carnegie Corporation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wartime Experience

A PROJECT of collaborative research concerning major world trends affecting international relations has been launched this year at the Hoover Institute and Library. This project has been made possible by a three-year grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York.1Beneath the original planning for the project lay the conviction born of wartime experience, that a deeper understanding of the dynamics of international relations could be obtained by pooling the contributions of the social sciences and related disciplines and by taking account of practical experience in the international field. The need for new and more penetrating approaches to international relations had been put by Arnold Toynbee in a few challenging words: “There is nothing to prevent our Western Civilization from following historical precedent, if it chooses, by committing social suicide. But we are not doomed to make history repeat itself; it is open to us through our own efforts, to give history, in our case, some new unprecedented turn.” Natural scientists, as well as social scientists are agreed that any “new unprecedented turn” must be sought in deeper understanding of relations among people and among nations.

scholarly journals La canción social como expresión de inconformismo social y político en el siglo XX

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Miryam Ibeth Robayo Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Political Dissent ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
Political Ground ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Political Imaginary ◽  
Protest Song

<p>Resumen</p><p>Este artículo, producto de la tesis de maestría “El imaginario social y político presente en la canción social o protesta en Colombia durante el periodo comprendido de 1960 – 1970”, muestra el papel preponderante que la canción protesta ha jugado en la historia de América Latina, al recoger las expresiones de inconformismo social que marcaron su época de apogeo entre los años 60 y 80 (cuando la izquierda ganaba terreno político como resultado del subdesarrollo, la creciente miseria, el descontento de la población y la falta de liderazgo de los mandatarios de la región, quienes fueron incapaces de plantear alternativas que permitieran superar estas problemáticas). La canción social se alimentó de la lírica universitaria, del sindicalismo, de las injusticias cotidianas, alentando la lucha por ideales, poderes y pertinencias, con un vocabulario y expresión acordes. El género decae hacia los años 80 como consecuencia de las crisis económicas y la llegada de las dictaduras, y su silenciamiento, así como el asesinato o exilio de sus intérpretes, acompaña la estrangulación de cualquier anhelo de cambio revolucionario en el continente.</p><p>Palabras claves</p><p>Canción protesta, descontento, sindicalismo, luchas sociales, música, movimientos sociales.</p><p> </p><p>Uirsiaikunawa iachari mana allilla kagta Politikapi XX watakunapi Sugllapi Kaipi maestría ima Niriagta 1960- 1970 imasa kagta Colombiapi watakunapi america Latinapi chi watakunapi 60- 80 vincikurka llukikunaa sugrigcha kawachingapa pueblokunata mana sumarkakunata chasakuna, religiónpi mana pudirkuna allilla tukungapa tukuikuna. Ima suti Rimai Simi: Virsiaikunawa, mana allilla, sindicalismo, lucha social, virsiakuna, gintikunapa iuiai.</p><p> </p><p>PROTEST SONG AS AN EXPRESSION OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DISSENT IN THE 20TH CENTURY .Abstract</p><p>This article, stemming from the master’s thesis “The Social and Political Imaginary in the Social or Protest Song in Colombia during the period of 1960 to 1970”, shows the important role that protest song has played in the history of Latin America in collecting the expressions of social dissent that marked its heyday from the 60s into the 80s (when the left won political ground as a result of underdevelopment, increasing poverty, the discontent of the population and the lack of leadership from the heads of state of the region, who were unable to propose solutions that would overcome these problems). The protest song fed from university poetry, from trade unionism and from daily injustices, encouraging the fight for ideals, empowerment and the urgent, with the vocabulary and expressions that best suited them. The genre decayed during the 80s as a result of the economic crises and the advent of dictatorships; its silencing, as well as the murder or exile of its performers, accompanied the death of every hope for revolutionary change on the continent.</p><p>Keywords</p><p>Protest song, discontent, unionism, social struggles, music, social movements.</p><p>LA CHANSON SOCIALE COMME EXPRESSION DE LA NON-CONFORMITE SOCIALE ET POLITIQUE AU XXE SIECLE. Résumé</p><p>Cet article, produit du mémoire de Master sur « L’imaginaire social et politique présent dans la chanson sociale ou de protestation en Colombie pendant la période 1960-1970 », montre le rôle prépondérant que la chanson engagée a joué dans l’histoire de l’Amérique latine, en rassemblant les expressions de non-conformisme social qui ont marqué à l’époque de leur apogée entre les années 60 et 80 (quand la gauche gagnait du terrain politique suite au sous-développement, à la misère croissante, au mécontentement de la population et au manque de leadership des mandataires de la région, ceux qui ont été incapables de poser des alternatives qui permettraient de dépasser ces problématiques). La chanson sociale s’est nourrie de la lyrique universitaire, du syndicalisme, des injustices quotidiennes, en encourageant la lutte pour des idéaux, des pouvoirs et des pertinences, avec un vocabulaire et une expression concordants. Le genre dépérit vers les années 80 suite aux crises économiques et à l’arrivée des dictatures, et son étouffement, ainsi que le meurtre ou l’exil de ses interprètes, accompagne l’étranglement de toute aspiration de changement révolutionnaire dans le continent.</p><p>Mots clés</p><p>Chanson engagée, mécontentement, syndicalisme, luttes sociales, musique, mouvements sociaux.</p><p>A CANÇÃO SOCIAL COMO UMA EXPRESSÃO DE INCONFORMISMO SOCIAL E POLÍTICA NO SÉCULO XX. Resumo</p><p>Este artigo, produto da tese de mestrado “El imaginario social y político presente en la canción social o protesta en Colombia durante el periodo comprendido de 1960 – 1970”, (O imaginário social e político presente na mùsica social ou de protesto na Colômbia durante o período compreendido de 1960 – 1970. Mostra o papel importante que a música de protesto tem desempenhado na história da América Latina, para recolher expressões de inconformismo social que marcou o seu auge na década de 60 e 80 anos ( quando a esquerda ganhou terreno político como resultado do subdesenvolvimento, crescimento da miséria, o descontentamento da população e a falta de liderança dos líderes da região que eram incapazes de propor alternativas que permitiam superar esses problemas) A mùsica social foi alimentada da lírica universitária, do sindicalismo, das injustiças diárias, encorajando a luta pelos ideais, poderes e relevância com um vocabulário e expressão acordes. O decaimento do gênero foi nos anos 80 como consequência das crises econômicas e a chegada das ditaduras, silenciamento, assim como o assassinato ou exílio dos intérpretes, acompanha estuangulamento de qualquer desejo de mudança revolucionária no continente.</p><p>Palavras chaves</p><p>Canção de Protesto , o descontentamento, o sindicalismo, lutas sociais, música, movimentos sociais.</p>

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