The Vapor Pressure of Salt-HCl-Water Solutions Below OC.

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Water Solutions

Vapor Pressure of (Potassium Hydroxide + Ammonia + Water) Solutions

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cacciola ◽  
G. Restuccia ◽  
Yu. Aristov
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Ammonia Water ◽  
Water Solutions

Properties of ethanol and ethanol-water solutions – Tables and Equations

2010 ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kadlec ◽  
Svatopluk Henke ◽  
Zdenek Bubník
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Pure Ethanol ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Physico Chemical

This paper deals with the physico-chemical properties of ethanol and ethanol-water solutions. The data of ethanol properties and its water solutions, which were obtained from literature, are presented in the form of Equations and Tables.Extended properties include data for pure ethanol (density, vapor pressure, surface tension, viscosity, molar and specific heat capacity, enthalpy of evaporation, thermal conductivity and static relative permittivity) and tabled data for ethanol-water solutions (0–100% ethanol) as well: concentrative properties, surface tension and thermal conductivity at20 °C, density, viscosity, boiling point and equilibrium liquid-vapor at normal pressure.

Activities from vapor pressure measurements of lithium and of sodium chlorates in water and water–dioxane solvents

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
pp. 2671-2680 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
B. G. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Activity Coefficients ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Differential Manometer ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Hydration Numbers ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Experimental Activity ◽  
Vapor Pressure Measurements

The vapor pressures of solutions of sodium chlorate and of lithium chlorate in water and in solvents consisting of 44.5% dioxane–55.5% water and of 64.5% dioxane–35.5% water, at 25 °C, were determined using a differential manometer. The vapor compositions of the dioxane–water solutions were found by the air-saturation method.The mean molal activity coefficients were calculated from the vapor pressures and compositions. The activity coefficients of the solute were fitted to the theoretical equations of Stokes and Robinson and of Glueckauf, yielding hydration numbers for the cations of the salts.The minimum dioxanation numbers of sodium and of lithium chlorates in the dioxane–water mixtures were calculated from the experimental activity coefficients by the method of Grunwald. The results show that lithium chlorate is more highly solvated than sodium chlorate and that dioxane plays a major role in the solvation of both electrolytes in the dioxane–water mixtures.

Flash Point and Specific Gravity of Ethanol-Water-Sugar Solutions

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-608
Author(s):  
Duane H Strunk ◽  
Jack W Hamman ◽  
Jacob Steimel ◽  
Arthur A Andreasen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Flash Point ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Flash points and specific gravities were determined for ethanol-water-sugar solutions in the concentration range normally found in liqueurs. Flash point determinations were made using a Tag closed cup tester. Increasing the proof of ethanol-water solutions from 60 to 120° lowers the flash point from 32.8 to 24.4°C. The flash point is also lowered by the addition of sugar, e.g., from 32.8 to 25.0°C at 60° proof when the sugar concentration is increased from 0 to 40%. This is due largely to the sugar replacing a portion of the water, and to hydrogen bonding between the sugar and water, thereby effectively increasing the proof and vapor pressure of the ethanol at the air interface. A graph is presented showing the relationship between the concentration of sugar and the specific gravity for different proof samples, which can be used to estimate the per cent sugar in a liqueur when the proof and specific gravity are known. When the sugar concentration and proof are known, the flash point can be estimated.

Benzylamine Tartrate as an Organic Glass Substrate for Carbon Films by Evaporation

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
A. C. Faberge
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Viscous Liquid ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Organic Glass ◽  
Spectroscopic Examination ◽  
Polymeric Substrates

Benzylamine tartrate (m.p. 63°C) seems to be a better and more convenient substrate for making carbon films than any of those previously proposed. Using it in the manner described, it is easy consistently to make batches of specimen grids as open as 200 mesh with no broken squares, and without individual handling of the grids. Benzylamine tartrate (hereafter called B.T.) is a viscous liquid when molten, which sets to a glass. Unlike polymeric substrates it does not swell before dissolving; such swelling of the substrate seems to be a principal cause of breakage of carbon film. Mass spectroscopic examination indicates a vapor pressure less than 10−9 Torr at room temperature.

Hydration Chamber for Jeolco 200 Kv Microscope

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 542-543
Author(s):  
V. R. Matricardi ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Equilibrium Vapor Pressure

In order to observe room temperature hydrated specimens in an electron microscope, the following conditions should be satisfied: The specimen should be surrounded by water vapor as close as possible to the equilibrium vapor pressure corresponding to the temperature of the specimen.The specimen grid should be inserted, focused and photo graphed in the shortest possible time in order to minimize dehydration.The full area of the specimen grid should be visible in order to minimize the number of changes of specimen required.There should be no pressure gradient across the grid so that specimens can be straddled across holes.Leakage of water vapor to the column should be minimized.

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