Biological Damage Threshold Induced by Ultrashort Fundamental, 2nd, and 4th Harmonic Light Pulses from a Mode-Locked Nd: Glass Laser.

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam P. Bruckner ◽  
J. Michael Schurr ◽  
Eddie L. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Glass Laser ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Light Pulses

Pulse Duration of a Mode-Locked Nd–Glass Laser Varying the Cavity Length and the Dye Transmission

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-409
Author(s):  
G. L. Busca ◽  
M. Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Cavity Length ◽  
Glass Laser ◽  
Light Pulses ◽  
Constant Duration

A recently introduced technique, the ultrahigh-speed photography of ps light pulses, was used to study the dependence of the pulse duration of a passively Q-switched Nd +3–glass laser on the cavity length and the dye transmission. A constant duration, within the experimental error, was found.

Mathematical Functions and Their Properties as Relevant to the Biomechanical Modeling of Cell and Tissue Damage

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Gefen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Threshold Function ◽  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Function Type ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Load Variable

The extrapolation of biological damage from a biomechanical model requires that a closed-form mathematical damage threshold function (DTF) be included in the model. A DTF typically includes a generic load variable, being the critical load (e.g., pressure, strain, temperature) causing irreversible tissue or cell damage, and a generic time variable, which represents the exposure to the load (e.g., duration, strain rate). Despite the central role that DTFs play in biomechanical studies, there is no coherent literature on how to formulate a DTF, excluding the field of heat-induced damage studies. This technical note describes six mathematical function types (Richards, Boltzmann, Morgan-Mercer-Flodin, Gompertz, Weibull, Bertalanffy) that are suitable for formulating a wide range of DTFs. These functions were adapted from the theory of restricted growth, and were fitted herein to describe biomechanical damage phenomena. Relevant properties of each adapted function type were extracted to allow efficient fitting of its parameters to empirical biomechanical data, and some practical examples are provided.

Improvement of damage threshold of glass laser

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-536
Author(s):  
C. Yamanaka ◽  
T. Sasaki ◽  
Y. Nagao ◽  
T. Izumidani
Keyword(s):  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Glass Laser

Damage Threshold Studies of Glass Laser Materials

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Boling ◽  
George Dube
Keyword(s):  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Glass Laser ◽  
Laser Materials

The observation of nano-voids in Au thin films

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
William Krakow
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Rare Gases ◽  
Chain Defects ◽  
Vacancy Chains ◽  
Au Thin Films

It has long been known that defects such as stacking faults and voids can be quenched from various alloyed metals heated to near their melting point. Today it is common practice to irradiate samples with various ionic species of rare gases which also form voids containing solidified phases of the same atomic species, e.g. ref. 3. Equivalently, electron irradiation has been used to produce damage events, e.g. ref. 4. Generally all of the above mentioned studies have relied on diffraction contrast to observe the defects produced down to a dimension of perhaps 10 to 20Å. Also all these studies have used ions or electrons which exceeded the damage threshold for knockon events. In the case of higher resolution studies the present author has identified vacancy and interstitial type chain defects in ion irradiated Si and was able to identify both di-interstitial and di-vacancy chains running through the foil.

Environmental cell studies of deformation and fracture

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-517
Author(s):  
H. K. Birnbaum ◽  
I. M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Environmental Cell ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
The University

Studies of the effects of hydrogen environments on the deformation and fracture of fcc, bcc and hep metals and alloys have been carried out in a TEM environmental cell. The initial experiments were performed in the environmental cell of the HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory. More recently, a dedicated environmental cell facility has been constructed at the University of Illinois using a JEOL 4000EX and has been used for these studies. In the present paper we will describe the general design features of the JEOL environmental cell and some of the observations we have made on hydrogen effects on deformation and fracture.The JEOL environmental cell is designed to operate at 400 keV and below; in part because of the available accelerating voltage of the microscope and in part because the damage threshold of most materials is below 400 keV. The gas pressure at which chromatic aberration due to electron scattering from the gas molecules becomes excessive does not increase rapidly with with accelerating voltage making 400 keV a good choice from that point of view as well. A series of apertures were placed above and below the cell to control the pressures in various parts of the column.

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