Nemo Model 2000 Acrylic Plastic Spherical Hull for Manned Submersible Operation at Depths to 3000 Feet

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry D. Stachiw
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Plastic ◽  
Manned Submersible

Acrylic Plastic Spherical Pressure Hull for 2439 m (8000 ft) Design Depth: Phase I

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Stachiw ◽  
A. Clark ◽  
C. B. Brenn
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Acrylic Plastic ◽  
Hull Design ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Design Depth ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Spherical Pressure

A program has been initiated to provide the oceanographic community with a manned submersible with panoramic visibility for 2439 m (8000 ft) design depth. The first phase of the program is to validate the design of the acrylic plastic pressure hull utilizing model scale spheres with different diameters and thickness to inside diameter (t/Di) ratios. This papers summarizes 1) the criteria used in the design of the acrylic plastic hull for 2439 m (8000 ft) depth, 2) the experimental test plan for validation of the hull design, and 3) the fabrication, and short-term pressurization to destruction of the first scale model with an aluminum hatch. The 457-mm (18-in.) o.d. acrylic sphere with t/Di ratio of 0.2 successfully withstood 1-hr long pressurizations from 0 to 6.9, 13.8, 20.7, 27.6, 34.4 and 41.3 MPa (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 psi) followed by 1-hr long relaxation periods after each pressurization prior to imploding at 110.2 MPa (16,000 psi) under 4.5 MPa/min (650 psi/min) pressurization. The selected t/Di ratio 0.2 appears to exceed the design depth requirement for 2439 m (8000 ft).

Clinical experience of quartz reinforcing mesh usage in production of full removable laminar upper dentures

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
V.G. Galonsky ◽  
B.F. Cherkashin ◽  
A.A. Kharlamova ◽  
S.V. Kungurov ◽  
A.V. Gradoboev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Acrylic Plastic ◽  
Orthopaedic Treatment ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Removable Denture ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Metal Meshes ◽  
Modern Technologies

The study is devoted to one of relevant topics in orthopaedic dentistry: orthopaedic treatment for fully edentulous patients with application of removable laminar dentures the basis of which is produced from acrylic plastic. The main problem of this approach has been formulated: the possibility of frequent crashing of the basis by the patient within earlier and later periods after the beginning of prosthesis exploitation. Options in prevention of this problem have been considered — reinforcing of the denture basis using standard and individually produced metal meshes — as well as their disadvantages. A study based on longitudinal clinical observation within terms of up to five years of exploitation effectiveness in quartz reinforcing mesh application to removable denture bases as an alternative approach to modern technologies has been carried out. Application features and advantages of this technology have been presented.

scholarly journals Experimental Research on the Process Parameters of a Novel Low-Load Drill Bit Used for 7000 m Bedrock Sampling Base on Manned Submersible

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Yu-Gang Ren ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Yan-Jun Liu ◽  
Bao-Hua Liu ◽  
Kai-Ben Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Cutting Model

Due to the need for accurate exploration of deep-sea scientific research, drilling techniques by combining the operational advantages of the Jiaolong manned submersible is considered one of the most feasible methods for deep-sea bedrock drilling. Based on deep sea bedrock cutting model and discrete element simulation, as well as efficient drilling as the design criterion, the development of a deep sea 7000 m electromechanical coring apparatus was carried out. The outstanding feature of this technology is that the bit load produced by the drill pressure is usually within the range 100–400 N while the recommended load for diamond drilling is 1–3 KN or even more. Therefore, searching for the drilling bits that can drill in extremely hard formations with minimal load and acceptable rates of penetration and rotary speed is the necessary step to prove the feasibility of electromechanical deep-sea drilling technology. A test has been designed and constructed to examine three types of drill bits. The results of experiments show that the new low-load polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit has the highest penetration length of 138 mm/15 min under a 300 N load and 250 rpm rotary speed. Finally, field tests with the Jiaolong submersible were used to conduct deep sea experiments and verify the load model, which provides theoretical and technical data on the use of a low-load core sampling drill developed specifically for a deep sea submersible.

Effect of Bubble Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of Cast Poly-Methyl Metacrylate

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Stachiw
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Loading Condition ◽  
Stress Raiser ◽  
Compressive Yield Strength ◽  
Compressive Test ◽  
Acrylic Plastic ◽  
Methyl Metacrylate ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Stress Raisers

Bubble inclusions present in cast acrylic plastic generally degrade the mechanical properties of the material. To evaluate the effect of bubbles on the mechanical strength of acrylic plastic, 120 tensile and compressive test specimens were machined from massive acrylic castings with bubble inclusions. The specimens were tested under uniaxial loading condition and effect of bubbles on tensile and compressive strength noted. The stress raiser effect of bubbles caused the tensile specimens to fail at stresses 7 to 30 percent lower than observed in specimens without bubbles. The compressive yield strength was not affected by bubbles. However, here the bubbles served as stress raisers also and caused cracks to initiate at the bubble surfaces when the yield strength of acrylic plastic was reached.

scholarly journals The Acoustic System of the Fendouzhe HOV

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7478
Author(s):  
Yeyao Liu ◽  
Jingfeng Xue ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Weizhen Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Communication ◽  
Integrated Navigation ◽  
Acoustic System ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Radio Communications ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Integrated Navigation System ◽  
Manned Submersible

Due to the strong absorption and attenuation of electromagnetic waves by water, radio communications and global positioning systems are lacking in the deep-sea environment. Therefore, underwater long-distance communications, positioning, detection and other functions depend on acoustic technology. In order to realize the above functions, the acoustic system of the Fendouzhe human occupied vehicle (HOV) is composed of eight kinds of sonars and sensors, which is one of the core systems of manned submersible. Based on the Jiaolong/Shenhai Yongshi HOVs, the acoustic system of the Fendouzhe HOV has been developed. Compared with the previous technology, there are many technical improvements and innovations: 10,000-m underwater acoustic communication, 10,000-m underwater acoustic positioning, multi-beam forward-looking imaging sonar, an integrated navigation system, etc. This study introduces the structure of the acoustic system of the Fendouzhe HOV and the technical improvements compared with the Jiaolong/Shenhai Yongshi HOVs. The results of the acoustic system are illustrated by the 10,000-m sea trails in the Mariana Trench from October to December 2020.

Acoustic backscattering by deepwater fish measured in situ from a manned submersible

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Benoit-Bird ◽  
Whitlow W.L. Au ◽  
Christopher D. Kelley ◽  
Christopher Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Backscattering ◽  
Manned Submersible

Comparative evaluation of the microstructure of combined samples made on the basis of acrylic plastic

Stomatologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
N.B. Astashina ◽  
A.A. Bazhin ◽  
A.A. Smetkin ◽  
A.S. Arutyunov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Acrylic Plastic
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