ACTIVITY OF RAT LIVER ENZYMES RESPONSIBLE FOR GLYCOGEN METABOLISM AFTER WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATION

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Catravas ◽  
C. G. McHale
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Whole Body

scholarly journals Postprandial Glycogen Content Is Increased in the Hepatocytes of Human and Rat Cirrhotic Liver

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
Natalia N. Bezborodkina ◽  
Sergey V. Okovityi ◽  
Boris N. Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Cirrhotic Liver ◽  
Liver Biopsies

Chronic hepatitises of various etiologies are widespread liver diseases in humans. Their final stage, liver cirrhosis (LC), is considered to be one of the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). About 80–90% of all HCC cases develop in LC patients, which suggests that cirrhotic conditions play a crucial role in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Carbohydrate metabolism in LC undergoes profound disturbances characterized by altered glycogen metabolism. Unfortunately, data on the glycogen content in LC are few and contradictory. In this study, the material was obtained from liver biopsies of patients with LC of viral and alcohol etiology and from the liver tissue of rats with CCl4-induced LC. The activity of glycogen phosphorylase (GP), glycogen synthase (GS), and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) was investigated in human and rat liver tissue by biochemical methods. Total glycogen and its labile and stable fractions were measured in isolated individual hepatocytes, using the cytofluorometry technique of PAS reaction in situ. The development of LC in human and rat liver was accompanied by an increase in fibrous tissue (20- and 8.8-fold), an increase in the dry mass of hepatocytes (by 25.6% and 23.7%), and a decrease in the number of hepatocytes (by 50% and 28%), respectively. The rearrangement of the liver parenchyma was combined with changes in glycogen metabolism. The present study showed a significant increase in the glycogen content in the hepatocytes of the human and the rat cirrhotic liver, by 255% and 210%, respectively. An increased glycogen content in cells of the cirrhotic liver can be explained by a decrease in glycogenolysis due to a decreased activity of G6Pase and GP.

Metabolism of acridine by rat-liver enzymes

1984 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. McMurtrey ◽  
Thomas J. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes

scholarly journals Hepatic Glucocorticoid Receptor Plays a Greater Role Than Adipose GR in Metabolic Syndrome Despite Renal Compensation

Endocrinology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (12) ◽  
pp. 4943-4960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip K. Bose ◽  
Irina Hutson ◽  
Charles A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Key Genes ◽  
Specific Deletion

Exogenous glucocorticoid administration results in hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hepatic dyslipidemia, and hypertension, a constellation of findings known as Cushing’s syndrome. These effects are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Because GR activation in liver and adipose has been implicated in metabolic syndrome (MS), we wanted to determine the role of GR in these tissues in the development of MS. Because GR knockout (KO) mice (whole-body KO) exhibit perinatal lethality due to respiratory failure, we generated tissue-specific (liver or adipose) GRKO mice using cre-lox technology. Real-time PCR analysis of liver mRNA from dexamethasone-treated wildtype (WT) and liver GRKO mice indicated that hepatic GR regulates the expression of key genes involved in gluconeogenesis and glycogen metabolism. Interestingly, we have observed that liver-specific deletion of GR resulted in a significant increase in mRNA expression of key genes involved in gluconeogenesis and glycogen metabolism in kidney tissue, indicating a compensatory mechanism to maintain glucose homeostasis. We have also observed that GR plays an important role in regulating the mRNA expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism. Liver GRKO mice demonstrated decreased fat mass and liver glycogen content compared with WT mice administered dexamethasone for 2 weeks. Adipose-specific deletion of GR did not alter glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity of adipose GRKO mice compared with WT mice administrated dexamethasone. This indicates that liver GR might be more important in development of MS in dexamethasone-treated mice, whereas adipose GR plays a little role in these paradigms.

Biotransformation of Some 2-Methylpapaverinium Derivatives with Rat Liver Enzymes in Vitro

Heterocycles ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Walterová ◽  
Alice Nemecková ◽  
Vilím Simánek ◽  
Ladislav Dolejs ◽  
Vladimír Preininger
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes
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