DETERMINATION OF AIR DENSITY, TEMPERATURE AND WINDS AT HIGH ALTITUDES

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Groves ◽  
R. W. Procunier ◽  
D. P. McDermott ◽  
D. Rees
Keyword(s):  
High Altitudes ◽  
Air Density

The determination of normal boiling points at high altitudes

1957 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Levy ◽  
Oswaldo E. Proano
Keyword(s):  
High Altitudes ◽  
Boiling Points

The Optical Measurement of Lapse Rate *

1950 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Fleagle
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Lapse Rates ◽  
The Relationship

The need for reliable determination of the temperature of the air very near the ground and the difficulties inherent in measurement of this quantity by the ordinary indirect methods are pointed out. It is suggested that the dependence of the speed of light on air density provides a convenient method for the determination of the temperature near the ground by direct measurement of the lapse rate, and evidence is given from other papers to show that this is feasible where the vertical gradient of humidity is not great. The relationship between apparent elevation and lapse rates of temperature and vapor pressure is derived, and the relationship is illustrated by the results of computations.

Determination of Density at High Altitudes Using Rayleigh and Raman Scattering of Solar Radiation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wise ◽  
Ramesh Sharma ◽  
Christopher Sioris ◽  
Kelly Chance ◽  
E. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
High Altitudes

scholarly journals Determination of some wood properties and response to weathering of Citrus limon (L.) Burm wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6840-6850
Author(s):  
Sırrı Sahin ◽  
Ümit Ayata ◽  
Bekir Cihad Bal ◽  
Bruno Esteves ◽  
Ahmet Can ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Artificial Weathering ◽  
Dense Wood ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Screw Withdrawal

The ability of Citrus limon (L.) Burm wood to be used for flooring applications was considered in this work. Selected wood properties were determined, and the response to weathering was tested. Janka hardness, density, screw withdrawal resistance, color, glossiness, and artificial weathering (144, 288, and 432 h) were determined. The wood from Citrus limon was shown to be a dense wood with air density around 830 kg/m3 and with a high Janka hardness of 138.0 N/mm2, 120.4 N/mm2, and 115.9 N/mm2 for cross, tangential, and radial sections, respectively. This opens good perspectives to this kind of wood being used for flooring. Statistical analysis showed that both Janka hardness and screw withdrawal resistance were significantly different between surfaces. Nevertheless, the homogeneity groups showed that the main differences were between the surfaces in the longitudinal direction when compared with the transverse direction. The wood is lighter than most common woods and it is mainly yellow. After weathering, the wood became darker, redder, and yellower. Glossiness decreased in the first hours of the weathering period.

Determination of upper-atmosphere air density and scale height from satellite observations

1959 ◽  
Vol 252 (1268) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Scale Height ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Semi Major Axis ◽  
Air Density ◽  
Standard Deviations

A solution is obtained for the rate of change of semi-major axis and perigee distance of a satellite orbit with time due to the resistance of the atmosphere. The logarithm of air density is assumed to vary quadratically with height, and the oblateness of the atmosphere is taken into account. The calculation of perigee air density in terms of the rate of change of satellite period is dealt with; and the method is applied to data at present available on six different satellites. The variation of air density with height is obtained as ln ρ = -28·59(±0·15) - ( h - 200 )/46(±5) + 0·028(±0·013) ( h - 200) 2 /(46) 2 for h in the range of approximately 170 to 700 km, where ρ is in grams/cm 3 , h is in kilometres and standard deviations are given in brackets.

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