Ultrasonic Shear Wave Velocities in Sand and Clay

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jr Lawrence ◽  
Frederick V.
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
Ultrasonic Shear

ULTRASONIC SHEAR‐WAVE VELOCITIES IN ROCKS SUBJECTED TO SIMULATED OVERBURDEN PRESSURE

Geophysics ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. King ◽  
I. Fatt
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Ultrasonic Energy ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities ◽  
Ultrasonic Equipment ◽  
The One ◽  
Ultrasonic Shear

Ultrasonic equipment has been developed to measure shear‐wave velocities in small rock samples at hydrostatic pressures up to 2,400 psi. Under certain optimum conditions dilatational wave velocities can also be determined. The method employs a beam of ultrasonic energy passing through a liquid in which a quarter‐inch‐thick parallel‐sided sample of rock is rotated. From the laws of classical optics for the refraction and reflection of waves at boundaries between dissimilar media and the known velocity of sound in the liquid, the velocities in the sample may be calculated from a record of ultrasonic energy transmitted through the sample as a function of angle between the sample and the ultrasonic beam. Results obtained with this apparatus from samples of materials for which the velocity of waves has been published show good agreement with the latter. The variation of the velocity of shear waves in dry rocks with applied hydrostatic pressures up to 2,400 psi have been measured for seven sandstones, a chalk, and a limestone. The shear‐wave velocities were found to increase with an increase of the applied pressure. For five of the sandstones the increase in velocity at high pressures approached the one‐sixth power of the applied hydrostatic pressure predicted theoretically for a sphere pack model.

Soil moisture assessment by means of compressional and shear wave velocities: Theoretical analysis and experimental setup

Measurement ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Adamo ◽  
F. Attivissimo ◽  
L. Fabbiano ◽  
N. Giaquinto ◽  
M. Spadavecchia
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities
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