High-Permeability Carbonate Zones (Super-K) in Ghawar Field (Saudi Arabia): Identified, Characterized, and Evaluated for Gel Treatments

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Al-Dhafeeri ◽  
Hisham A. Nasr-El-Din ◽  
Randall Scott Seright ◽  
Robert D. Sydansk
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Ghawar Field

scholarly journals Stratigraphic and Petrophysical Characteristics of Cored Arab-D Super-k Intervals, Hawiyah Area, Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia

GeoArabia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz O. Meyer ◽  
Rex C. Price ◽  
Saleh M. Al-Raimi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Flow Units ◽  
Ghawar Field ◽  
Injection Rates

ABSTRACT Super-permeability or super-k (as defined here), refers to confined intervals that have production or injection rates of at least 500 barrels of fluid/day/foot. Eight cored wells—four producers and four injectors—show super-k performance within the northern Hawiyah study area. One injector well had multiple super-k flow intervals. Super-k flow correlates with specific limestone, dolomite, or fractured intervals based on an analysis of core and flowmeter data. A thin, high-permeability unit sandwiched between low-permeability strata characterizes the sequential stratification of stratiform super-k flow units. Oolitic, mixed skeletal pelletoidal, foraminiferal, fragmented Cladocoropsis or Cladocoropsis lithofacies may make up the high-permeability conduits in limestones, and various mud-dominated facies form the tight enclosing layers. Sucrosic or vuggy fabrics characterize the highly permeable layers in dolomite-controlled intervals, and mosaic textures form the tight envelope. Production from stratiform dolomite is typically from one or more thin (generally less than six-inch thick) stringers some of which represent tempestite deposits. Super-k flow from fracture-controlled intervals has no correlation with either facies or dolomite textural boundaries. An unexpected result of this study was the discovery that not all super-k flow comes from high-permeability features such as fractures or zones of dolomitized leached Cladocoropsis. Instead, ordinary rock fabrics with normal permeability ranges (0.1 to 1 darcy) characterize most of the super-k intervals in six of the eight wells examined.

Formation Evaluation While Drilling Of a Complex Khuff-C Carbonate Reservoir in Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulrahman Al-Fawwaz ◽  
Nedhal Mohamed Al-Musharfi ◽  
Parvez Jamil Butt ◽  
Abdul Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
Ghawar Field

scholarly journals Geostatistical Model for the Arab-D Reservoir, North ’Ain Dar Pilot, Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia: An Improved Reservoir Simulation Model

GeoArabia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-284
Author(s):  
John L. Douglas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Geostatistical Model ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The North ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Ghawar Field

ABSTRACT The North ‘Ain Dar 3-D geocellular model consists of geostatistical models for electrofacies, porosity and permeability for a portion of the Jurassic Arab-D reservoir of Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia. The reservoir consists of a series of shallow water carbonate shelf sediments and is subdivided into 10 time-stratigraphic slices on the basis of core descriptions and gamma/porosity log correlations. The North ‘Ain Dar model includes an electrofacies model and electrofacies-dependent porosity and permeability models. Sequential Indicator Simulations were used to create the electrofacies and porosity models. Cloud Transform Simulations were used to generate permeability models. Advantages of the geostatistical modeling approach used here include: (1) porosity and permeability models are constrained by the electrofacies model, i.e. by the distribution of reservoir rock types; (2) patterns of spatial correlation and variability present in well log and core data are built into the models; (3) data extremes are preserved and are incorporated into the model. These are critical when it comes to determining fluid flow patterns in the reservoir. Comparison of model Kh with production data Kh indicates that the stratigraphic boundaries used in the model generally coincide with shifts in fluid flow as indicated by flowmeter data, and therefore represent reasonable flow unit boundaries. Further, model permeability and production estimated permeability are correlated on a Kh basis, in terms of vertical patterns of distribution and cumulative Kh values at well locations. This agreement between model and well test Kh improves on previous, deterministic models of the Arab-D reservoir and indicates that the modeling approach used in North ‘Ain Dar should be applicable to other portions of the Ghawar reservoir.

Evolution of Coiled Tubing Fiber Optic Real-Time Telemetry System in Saudi Arabia Ghawar Field Interventions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed. Duaij ◽  
Danish. Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Arifin ◽  
Adzlan Ayob ◽  
Rodrigo Sa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Telemetry System ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Ghawar Field
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