Factors Affecting Well Productivity - I. Drilling Fluid Filtration

10.2118/720-g ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 210 (01) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
E.E. Glenn ◽  
M.L. Slusser ◽  
J.L. Huitt
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Well Productivity ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Liquid–liquid gravity displacement in a vertical fracture during drilling: Experimental study and mathematical model

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-554
Author(s):  
Dong Xiao ◽  
Yingfeng Meng ◽  
Xiangyang Zhao ◽  
Gao Li ◽  
Jiaxin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Fluid Density ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Fracture Width ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Double Substrate ◽  
Fracture Height ◽  
Liquid Displacement

Gravity displacement often occurs when drilling a vertical fractured formation, causing a downhole complexity with risk of blowout and reservoir damage, well control difficulty, drilling cycle prolongation, and increased costs. Based on an experimental device created for simulating the gravity displacement, various factors affecting the displacement quantity were quantitatively evaluated by simulating the fracture width, asphalt viscosity, drilling fluid density, and viscosity under different working conditions, and a liquid–liquid displacement law was obtained. Using the theories of rock mechanics, fluid mechanics, and seepage mechanics, based on conformal mapping, as well as a fracture-pore double substrate fluid flow model, we established a steady-state mathematical model of fractured formation liquid–liquid gravity displacement by optimizing the shape factors and using a combination of gravity displacement experiments to verify the feasibility of the mathematical model. We analyzed the influence of drilling fluid density, fracture height and length, and asphalt viscosity on displacement rate, and obtained the corresponding laws. The results show that when the oil–fluid interface is stable, the fracture width is the most important factor affecting the gravity displacement, and plugging is the most effective means of managing gravity displacement.

Bentonite Suspension Filtration and its Electro-Kinetics in the Presence of Additives

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
R. M. Farag ◽  
A. M. Salem ◽  
A. A. El-Midany ◽  
S. E. El-Mofty
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Filtration Loss ◽  
Suspension Filtration ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Invasion of fluids into porous media during drilling can lead to irreparable damage and reduced well productivity. Hence, minimizing the filtration loss of the drilling fluid into the formation is very important. The stability of colloidal suspensions plays a crucial role in controlling the interfacial forces and consequently on minimizing the filtration. The zeta potential is an indicator of the stability of colloids with respect to their electrostatic interactions. In this study, the rheological properties of bentonite suspensions are investigated with and without additives. The starch and CMC were used as additives to enhance the rheological properties of bentonite. The effects of these additives on the drilling fluid filtration were examined. Zeta-potential, viscosity, gel strength and yield point were measured to characterize the extent to which control of the filtration loss of the drilling fluids can be achieved. The zeta-potential and the amount of filtration loss of water-bentonite suspensions were correlated. Finally, the results showed that the addition of either starch or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enhances the filtration properties of water-bentonite suspensions.

Synthesis and properties of acrylamide 2-acrylamido-2-methypropane sulfonic acid sodium styrene sulfonate N-vinyl pyrrolidone quadripolymer and its reduction of drilling fluid filtration at high temperature and high salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Li ◽  
Xiaolin Pu ◽  
Huaizhi Tao ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Junlin Su
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Styrene Sulfonate ◽  
Sodium Styrene Sulfonate ◽  
Redox Initiator

Abstract Acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamido-2-methypropane sulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS), and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) monomers were copolymerized via a redox initiator system to synthesize a quadripolymer capable of reducing drilling fluid filtration. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to determine the molecular structure of the product, confirming its successful synthesis. The effects of the copolymer on the properties and salt resistance of drilling fluid are discussed. The adsorption of the copolymer on bentonite was also studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The copolymer reduced the filtration of drilling fluids of various salinities before and after aging at 200°C; at room temperature, the copolymer was adsorbed uniformly across the bentonite surface at low concentration. As its concentration increased, the distributed polymer spread and connected to form a network. After aging for 16 h at 200°C, the copolymer could still adsorb to bentonite and maintained its network structure. Sodium ions induced the coalescence of the copolymer, damaging its network structure.

scholarly journals A Combined Barite–Ilmenite Weighting Material to Prevent Barite Sag in Water-Based Drilling Fluid

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Basfar ◽  
Abdelmjeed Mohamed ◽  
Salaheldin Elkatatny ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Majed
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Base Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Density ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Filtration Performance ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Barite sag is a serious problem encountered while drilling high-pressure/high-temperature (HPHT) wells. It occurs when barite particles separate from the base fluid leading to variations in drilling fluid density that may cause a serious well control issue. However, it occurs in vertical and inclined wells under both static and dynamic conditions. This study introduces a combined barite–ilmenite weighting material to prevent the barite sag problem in water-based drilling fluid. Different drilling fluid samples were prepared by adding different percentages of ilmenite (25, 50, and 75 wt.% from the total weight of the weighting agent) to the base drilling fluid (barite-weighted). Sag tendency of the drilling fluid samples was evaluated under static and dynamic conditions to determine the optimum concentration of ilmenite which was required to prevent the sag issue. A static sag test was conducted under both vertical and inclined conditions. The effect of adding ilmenite to the drilling fluid was evaluated by measuring fluid density and pH at room temperature, and rheological properties at 120 °F and 250 °F. Moreover, a filtration test was performed at 250 °F to study the impact of adding ilmenite on the drilling fluid filtration performance and sealing properties of the formed filter cake. The results of this study showed that adding ilmenite to barite-weighted drilling fluid increased fluid density and slightly reduced the pH within the acceptable pH range (9–11). Ilmenite maintained the rheology of the drilling fluid with a minimal drop in rheological properties due to the HPHT conditions, while a significant drop was observed for the base fluid (without ilmenite). Adding ilmenite to the base drilling fluid significantly reduced sag factor and 50 wt.% ilmenite was adequate to prevent solids sag in both dynamic and static conditions with sag factors of 0.33 and 0.51, respectively. Moreover, HPHT filtration results showed that adding ilmenite had no impact on filtration performance of the drilling fluid. The findings of this study show that the combined barite–ilmenite weighting material can be a good solution to prevent solids sag issues in water-based fluids; thus, drilling HPHT wells with such fluids would be safe and effective.

Synthesis and properties of high temperature resistant and salt tolerant filtrate reducer N,N-dimethylacrylamide 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propyl dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride N-vinylpyrrolidone quadripolymer

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengguo Zhao ◽  
Xiaolin Pu ◽  
Luo Xiao ◽  
Gui Wang ◽  
Junlin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Fluid Filtration ◽  
Good Thermal Stability

Abstract N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propyl (AMPS), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) monomers were copolymerized to synthesize a zwitterionic copolymer filtrate reducer. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicated that the molecular structure and chemical compositions of the quadripolymer matched with the design, and the result of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)-thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the polymer had good thermal stability. The effects of the quadripolymer on the properties and salt tolerance of drilling fluids were investigated. The environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was used to observe the microstructure of the DMAA/AMPS/DMDAAC/NVP quadripolymer-bentonite system and filter cake of the drilling fluid added the copolymer. Results showed that a one space grid structure was formed by the molecular film with a hydrophobic association effect and electrostatic interaction between the groups in the positive and negative charges of the quadripolymer. It adsorbed and coated clay particles, and kept the particles distributing multilevels which contributed to forming a compact filter cake to reduce fluid loss. The spatial structure of the quadripolymer in drilling fluid could be destroyed partly by high temperatures, sodium and calcium, but the polymer still had a good effect on reducing fluid filtration.

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