Simulation of Vertical Fractures and Stratiform Permeability of the Ghawar Field

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Phelps ◽  
Jonathan P. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Fractures ◽  
Ghawar Field

Formation Evaluation While Drilling Of a Complex Khuff-C Carbonate Reservoir in Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulrahman Al-Fawwaz ◽  
Nedhal Mohamed Al-Musharfi ◽  
Parvez Jamil Butt ◽  
Abdul Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Formation Evaluation ◽  
Ghawar Field

RS 28 In vitro study of vertical fractures repaired with bonding agents

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
J. Anguita ◽  
P.A. Rosenberg ◽  
C. Buruiana ◽  
F. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Vertical Fractures

scholarly journals Geostatistical Model for the Arab-D Reservoir, North ’Ain Dar Pilot, Ghawar Field, Saudi Arabia: An Improved Reservoir Simulation Model

GeoArabia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-284
Author(s):  
John L. Douglas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Geostatistical Model ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The North ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Ghawar Field

ABSTRACT The North ‘Ain Dar 3-D geocellular model consists of geostatistical models for electrofacies, porosity and permeability for a portion of the Jurassic Arab-D reservoir of Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia. The reservoir consists of a series of shallow water carbonate shelf sediments and is subdivided into 10 time-stratigraphic slices on the basis of core descriptions and gamma/porosity log correlations. The North ‘Ain Dar model includes an electrofacies model and electrofacies-dependent porosity and permeability models. Sequential Indicator Simulations were used to create the electrofacies and porosity models. Cloud Transform Simulations were used to generate permeability models. Advantages of the geostatistical modeling approach used here include: (1) porosity and permeability models are constrained by the electrofacies model, i.e. by the distribution of reservoir rock types; (2) patterns of spatial correlation and variability present in well log and core data are built into the models; (3) data extremes are preserved and are incorporated into the model. These are critical when it comes to determining fluid flow patterns in the reservoir. Comparison of model Kh with production data Kh indicates that the stratigraphic boundaries used in the model generally coincide with shifts in fluid flow as indicated by flowmeter data, and therefore represent reasonable flow unit boundaries. Further, model permeability and production estimated permeability are correlated on a Kh basis, in terms of vertical patterns of distribution and cumulative Kh values at well locations. This agreement between model and well test Kh improves on previous, deterministic models of the Arab-D reservoir and indicates that the modeling approach used in North ‘Ain Dar should be applicable to other portions of the Ghawar reservoir.

Treatment of maxillary molars with vertical fractures

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 287-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yokoyama ◽  
K. Matsumoto ◽  
J. Kinoshita ◽  
H. Sasaki ◽  
T. Komori
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Vertical Fractures

Effective elastic properties of rocks with transversely isotropic background permeated by a set of vertical fracture cluster

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-78
Author(s):  
Da Shuai ◽  
Alexey Stovas ◽  
Jianxin Wei ◽  
Bangrang Di ◽  
Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Elastic Wave ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
Azimuth Angle ◽  
Effective Medium ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Anisotropy Parameters ◽  
Vertical Fractures

The linear slip theory is gradually being used to characterize seismic anisotropy. If the transversely isotropic medium embeds vertical fractures (VFTI medium), the effective medium becomes orthorhombic. The vertical fractures, in reality, may exist in any azimuth angle which leads the effective medium to be monoclinic. We apply the linear slip theory to create a monoclinic medium by only introducing three more physical meaning parameters: the fracture preferred azimuth angle, the fracture azimuth angle, and the angular standard deviation. First, we summarize the effective compliance of a rock as the sum of the background matrix compliance and the fracture excess compliance. Then, we apply the Bond transformation to rotate the fractures to be azimuth dependent, introduce a Gaussian function to describe the fractures' azimuth distribution assuming that the fractures are statistically distributed around the preferred azimuth angle, and average each fracture excess compliance over azimuth. The numerical examples investigate the influence of the fracture azimuth distribution domain and angular standard deviation on the effective stiffness coefficients, elastic wave velocities, and anisotropy parameters. Our results show that the fracture cluster parameters have a significant influence on the elastic wave velocities. The fracture azimuth distribution domain and angular standard deviation have a bigger influence on the orthorhombic anisotropy parameters in the ( x2, x3) plane than that in the ( x1, x3) plane. The fracture azimuth distribution domain and angular standard deviation have little influence on the monoclinic anisotropy parameters responsible for the P-wave NMO ellipse and have a significant influence on the monoclinic anisotropy parameters responsible for the S1- and S2-wave NMO ellipse. The effective monoclinic can be degenerated into the VFTI medium.

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