scholarly journals Water Analysis Data: Interpretation and Applications

1962 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Noad
Keyword(s):  
Water Analysis ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data

The Interpretation Technique of Rate Transient Analysis Data in Fractured Horizontal Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Rubikovich Urazov ◽  
Alfred Yadgarovich Davletbaev ◽  
Alexey Igorevich Sinitskiy ◽  
Ilnur Anifovich Zarafutdinov ◽  
Artur Khamitovich Nuriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Transient Analysis ◽  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Well Logging ◽  
Rate Transient Analysis ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Well ◽  
Fractured Horizontal Wells

Abstract This research presents a modified approach to the data interpretation of Rate Transient Analysis (RTA) in hydraulically fractured horizontal well. The results of testing of data interpretation technique taking account of the flow allocation in the borehole according to the well logging and to the injection tests outcomes while carrying out hydraulic fracturing are given. In the course of the interpretation of the field data the parameters of each fracture of hydraulic fracturing were selected with control for results of well logging (WL) by defining the fluid influx in the borehole.

scholarly journals Lives saved with vaccination for 10 pathogens across 112 countries in a pre-COVID-19 world

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Toor ◽  
Susy Echeverria-Londono ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Kaja Abbas ◽  
Emily D Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
International Development ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
London School ◽  
Design Data ◽  
University Of Notre Dame ◽  
Gates Foundation ◽  
The Impact

Background:Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions. We investigate the impact of vaccination activities for Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, Japanese encephalitis, measles, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, rotavirus, rubella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and yellow fever over the years 2000–2030 across 112 countries.Methods:Twenty-one mathematical models estimated disease burden using standardised demographic and immunisation data. Impact was attributed to the year of vaccination through vaccine-activity-stratified impact ratios.Results:We estimate 97 (95%CrI[80, 120]) million deaths would be averted due to vaccination activities over 2000–2030, with 50 (95%CrI[41, 62]) million deaths averted by activities between 2000 and 2019. For children under-5 born between 2000 and 2030, we estimate 52 (95%CrI[41, 69]) million more deaths would occur over their lifetimes without vaccination against these diseases.Conclusions:This study represents the largest assessment of vaccine impact before COVID-19-related disruptions and provides motivation for sustaining and improving global vaccination coverage in the future.Funding:VIMC is jointly funded by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) (BMGF grant number: OPP1157270 / INV-009125). Funding from Gavi is channelled via VIMC to the Consortium’s modelling groups (VIMC-funded institutions represented in this paper: Imperial College London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Public Health England, Johns Hopkins University, The Pennsylvania State University, Center for Disease Analysis Foundation, Kaiser Permanente Washington, University of Cambridge, University of Notre Dame, Harvard University, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Emory University, National University of Singapore). Funding from BMGF was used for salaries of the Consortium secretariat (authors represented here: TBH, MJ, XL, SE-L, JT, KW, NMF, KAMG); and channelled via VIMC for travel and subsistence costs of all Consortium members (all authors). We also acknowledge funding from the UK Medical Research Council and Department for International Development, which supported aspects of VIMC's work (MRC grant number: MR/R015600/1).JHH acknowledges funding from National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; Richard and Peggy Notebaert Premier Fellowship from the University of Notre Dame. BAL acknowledges funding from NIH/NIGMS (grant number R01 GM124280) and NIH/NIAID (grant number R01 AI112970). The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) receives funding support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.This paper was compiled by all coauthors, including two coauthors from Gavi. Other funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. All authors had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.

scholarly journals A school-based intervention (‘Girls Active’) to increase physical activity levels among 11- to 14-year-old girls: cluster RCT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre M Harrington ◽  
Melanie J Davies ◽  
Danielle Bodicoat ◽  
Joanna M Charles ◽  
Yogini V Chudasama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Trial Steering Committee ◽  
Clinical Trials Unit ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) levels among adolescent girls in the UK are low. ‘Girls Active’, developed by the Youth Sport Trust (YST), has been designed to increase girls’ PA levels.ObjectiveTo understand the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Girls Active programme.DesignA two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial.SettingState secondary schools in the Midlands, UK.ParticipantsGirls aged between 11 and 14 years.InterventionGirls Active involves teachers reviewing PA, sport and physical education provision, culture and practices in their school; attending training; creating action plans; and effectively working with girls as peer leaders to influence decision-making and to promote PA to their peers. Support from a hub school and the YST is offered.Main outcome measuresThe change in objectively measured moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) levels at 14 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in overall PA level (mean acceleration), light PA levels, sedentary time, body composition and psychosocial outcomes. Cost-effectiveness and process evaluation (qualitative and quantitative) data were collected.ResultsTwenty schools and 1752 pupils were recruited; 1211 participants provided complete primary outcome data at 14 months. No difference was found in mean MVPA level between groups at 14 months [1.7 minutes/day, 95% confidence interval (CI) –0.8 to 4.3 minutes/day], but there was a small difference in mean MVPA level at 7 months (2.4 minutes/day, 95% CI 0.1 to 4.7 minutes/day). Significant differences between groups were found at 7 months, but not at 14 months, in some of the objective secondary outcomes: overall PA level represented by average acceleration (1.39 mg, 95% CI 0.1 to 2.2 mg), after-school sedentary time (–4.7 minutes/day, 95% CI –8.9 to –0.6 minutes/day), overall light PA level (5.7 minutes/day, 95% CI 1.0 to 10.5 minutes/day) and light PA level on school days (4.5 minutes/day, 95% CI 0.25 to 8.75 minutes/day). Minor, yet statistically significant, differences in psychosocial measures at 7 months were found in favour of control schools. Significant differences in self-esteem and identified motivation in favour of intervention schools were found at 7 and 14 months, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed a significant effect of the intervention for those schools with higher numbers of pupils at 14 months. Girls Active was well received by teachers, and they reported that implemented strategies and activities were having a positive impact in schools. Barriers to implementation progress included lack of time, competing priorities and the programme flexibility. Implementation costs ranged from £2054 (£23/pupil) to £8545 (£95/pupil) per school. No differences were found between groups for health-related quality-of-life scores or frequencies, or for costs associated with general practitioner, school nurse and school counsellor use.ConclusionsGirls Active may not have had an effect on the random 90 girls per school included in the evaluation. Although we included a diverse sample of schools, the results may not be generalisable to all schools. Girls Active was viewed positively but teachers did not implement as many aspects of the programme as they wanted. The intervention was unlikely to have a wide impact and did not have an impact on MVPA level at 14 months. Capitalising on the opportunities of a flexible programme like this, while also learning from the stated barriers to and challenges of long-term implementation that teachers face, is a priority for research and practice.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN10688342.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full inPublic Health Research; Vol. 7, No. 5. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. The YST funded the intervention. This study was undertaken in collaboration with the Leicester Clinical Trials Unit, a UK Clinical Research Collaboration-registered clinical trials unit in receipt of NIHR Clinical Trials Unit support funding. Neither the YST nor the NIHR Clinical Trials Unit had any involvement in the Trial Steering Committee, data analysis, data interpretation, data collection or writing of the report. The University of Leicester authors are supported by the NIHR Leicester–Loughborough Biomedical Research Unit (2012–17), the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (2017–22) and the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East Midlands. These funders had no involvement in the Trial Steering Committee, the data analysis, data interpretation, data collection or writing of the report.

scholarly journals Studi Komparasi Praktik Perladangan Berpindah Dan Pertanian Menetap Untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan Masyarakat (Studi Pada Usahatani Kentang di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Umi Yuminarti ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto ◽  
Jamhari Jamhari ◽  
Subejo Subejo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Community Food Security ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Papua Barat ◽  
Farmer Income ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACT This study examines the shifting cultivation farming and settled farming by Arfak farmers, and their implications on the community food security.  The research is conducted in Minyememut and Arion Villages at Hink District, and Suteibey and Igymbai Villages at Anggi District of Arfak Mountains Regency of West Papua Province.  The objective of the study is to compare potato farming, productivity and farmer income from potato farming.  The research uses analytical descriptive method, and in-depth interviews techniques for data collection, by using questionnaires, field observation and documentation.  Data analysis is done by tabulation analysis, data interpretation and conclusion withdrawal. The results show that potato farming is still done by using shifting cultivation system.  However, there has been a settled farming practice in Arfak Mountains Regency. Although the system used is different, but the two of the agricultural practices are still using the same technology.  Potato farms’ area of shifting cultivation is larger than the settled farming, so the production is greater.  On the other hand, the productivity of settled farming is higher than the shifting cultivation system. This condition shows that the shifting cultivation farming and settled farming have implications for supporting community food security in Arfak Regency.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji usahatani kentang perladangan berpindah dan usahatani menetap yang dilakukan petani Arfak dan implikasinya pada ketahanan pangan masyarakat.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di kampung Minyememut dan Arion Distrik Hink, dan kampung Suteibey dan Igymbai Distrik Anggi Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak Provinsi Papua Barat.  Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan komparasi usahatani kentang, produktivitas dan pendapatan petani dari usahatani kentang.   Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah diskriptif analitis, dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuisioner, observasi lapang dan dokumentasi.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis tabulasi, interpretasi data serta penarikan kesimpulan.   Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kentang masih dilakukan dengan cara perladangan berpindah, namun telah ada yang mempraktekkan secara menetap di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak. Meskipun sistem yang digunakan berbeda, tetapi kedua praktek pertanian tersebut masih menggunakan teknologi sama.  Lahan tanaman kentang pada perladangan berpindah lebih luas, sehingga produksi lebih banyak. Namun produktivitas lahan usahatani menetap lebih tinggi dibanding perladangan berpindah dan secara statistik terdapat perbedaan. Sedangkan pendapatan yang diperoleh petani tidak terdapat perbedaan. Keadaan ini menunjukkan usahatani kentang perladangan berpindah dan usahatani menetap berimplikasi mendukung ketahanan pangan masyarakat di Kabupaten Pegunungan Arfak.   

scholarly journals Studi Kualitatif Prosedur Pemasangan Transfusi Darah pada Pasien Anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Nova Yustisia ◽  
Titin Aprilatutini ◽  
Helda Desfianty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Anemia is a health problem in the whole world. Anemia cannot be ignored. Treatment varies depending on the cause, if anemia is severe treatment is given with a blood transfusion. Blood transfusion is an interdependent action that must be given according to standard operating procedures (SOP). The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the procedure for blood transfusion in anemic patients in Jasmine Room Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a case study approach, involving 10 informants / research subjects. Data collection through interviews and observation of transfusion procedures by nurses. Data analysis techniques used include interview transcripts, data reduction, analysis, data interpretation and triangulation, data which is then concluded. The results of the study showed that the preparation phase of 9 informants prepared complete tools and preparation of patients 2 did not identify the client. The stage of transfusion installation 10 procedures to re-identify patients not in accordance with the SOP, 4 did not wash hands, 1 did not wear gloves. Post-transfusion stage 10 procedures not in accordance with the SOP on the item paying attention to reactions / complications of transfusion and observation of vital signs. Conclusion blood transfusion installation procedures have been carried out according to the SOP, but have not been implemented properly and perfectly, supervision is still lacking and support facilities are inadequate. It is recommended that the results of the study become a baseline for hospitals in improving the quality of services by increasing routine structured supervision, conducting technical training procedures for transfusion installation, and completing supporting facilities. Keywords: SOP, Blood Transfusion, Anemia

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