A Model to Quantify Residual Saturation Distribution in Heterogeneous Reservoirs

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Virnovsky ◽  
S.M. Skjaeveland ◽  
A. Skauge ◽  
H.M. Helset
Keyword(s):  
Residual Saturation ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Saturation Distribution

A Theoretical Model for Dynamic Performance Prediction of Air-Foam Flooding in Heterogeneous Reservoirs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Xiangzeng Wang ◽  
Shubao Wang ◽  
Ruimin Gao ◽  
Yizhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Foam Flooding

scholarly journals 3-D MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF HETEROGENEOUS RESERVOIRS: CASE STUDY OF AN OIL FIELD IN THE APPALACHIAN BASIN

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Michael Ed. Hohn ◽  
David L. Matchen ◽  
Ronald R. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs

scholarly journals Identifying Reservoir Features via iSOR Response Behaviour

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Ian Gates
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Athabasca Oil Sands ◽  
Steam Chamber ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Response Behaviour

To extract viscous bitumen from oil sands reservoirs, steam is injected into the formation to lower the bitumen’s viscosity enabling sufficient mobility for its production to the surface. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is the preferred process for Athabasca oil sands reservoirs but its performance suffers in heterogeneous reservoirs leading to an elevated steam-to-oil ratio (SOR) above that which would be observed in a clean oil sands reservoir. This implies that the SOR could be used as a signature to understand the nature of heterogeneities or other features in reservoirs. In the research reported here, the use of the SOR as a signal to provide information on the heterogeneity of the reservoir is explored. The analysis conducted on prototypical reservoirs reveals that the instantaneous SOR (iSOR) can be used to identify reservoir features. The results show that the iSOR profile exhibits specific signatures that can be used to identify when the steam chamber reaches the top of the formation, a lean zone, a top gas zone, and shale layers.

Investigation and Optimization of the Effects of Geologic Parameters on the Performance of Gravity-Stable Surfactant Floods

SPE Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayan Tavassoli ◽  
Gary A. Pope ◽  
Kamy Sepehrnoori
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Gradient ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Fine Grid ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Vertical Permeability ◽  
Well Spacing ◽  
Optimization Schemes ◽  
Very High

Summary A systematic simulation study of gravity-stable surfactant flooding was performed to understand the conditions under which it is practical and to optimize its performance. Different optimization schemes were introduced to minimize the effects of geologic parameters and to improve the performance and the economics of surfactant floods. The simulations were carried out by use of horizontal wells in heterogeneous reservoirs. The results show that one can perform gravity-stable surfactant floods at a reasonable velocity and with very-high sweep efficiencies for reservoirs with high vertical permeability. These simulations were carried out with a 3D fine grid and a third-order finite-difference method to accurately model fingering. A sensitivity study was conducted to investigate the effects of heterogeneity and well spacing. The simulations were performed with realistic surfactant properties on the basis of laboratory experiments. The critical velocity for a stable surfactant flood is a function of the microemulsion (ME) viscosity, and it turns out there is an optimum value that one can use to significantly increase the velocity and still be stable. One can optimize the salinity gradient to gradually change the ME viscosity. Another alternative is to inject a low-concentration polymer drive following the surfactant slug (without polymer). Polymer complicates the process and adds to its cost without a significant benefit in most gravity-stable surfactant floods, but an exception is when the reservoir is highly layered. The effect of an aquifer on gravity-stable surfactant floods was also investigated, and strategies were developed for minimizing its effect on the process.

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