scholarly journals Radiological Dose Assessment Related to Management of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Generated by the Petroleum Industry

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Smith ◽  
D.L. Blunt ◽  
G.P. Williams ◽  
C.L. Tebes
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials ◽  
Radiological Dose

scholarly journals Radiological Dose Assessment of the Landfill Disposal of Consumer Products Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7172
Author(s):  
Mercy Nandutu ◽  
Juyoul Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Competent Authority ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials ◽  
Landfill Sites ◽  
Radiological Dose

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) are long-lived radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium, and theirdecay products. They are abundant in natural rocks and minerals. In this study, we conducted a radiological dose assessment of the disposal of consumer products (CPs) containing NORMs at landfills and incinerators in South Korea. Household wastes were categorized as combustible and noncombustible on the basis of activity concentrations (ACs) ranging below and above 1 Bq/g, respectively. Analysis data were obtained from previous literature and the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) of South Korea, and statistical analysis was performed using an interval plot and 95% confidence interval of mean for each category as an input. Using RESRAD computer codes for noncombustible CPs with AC below and above 1 Bq/g, we found out that the dose rate was below and above 1 mSv/y, respectively. The RESRAD-OFFSITE results showed that the dose incurred during the study period for both ranges of AC was all below the public dose limit of 1 mSv/y. NORM and LegacY Site Assessment (NORMALYSA) code was used to validate the result of the RESRAD-ONSITE code, and the results showed that the dose was equal to and above 1 mSv/y for ACs below and above 1 Bq/g, respectively. HotSpot code was used for dose evaluation to offsite residents from incineration of combustible CPs, and the resulting dose was below 1 mSv/y. These findings can be used as a guideline for managing public exposure from landfill sites with varying ACs ranges. Therefore, the competent authority should ensure that criteria and protection measures are established for people who live within a distance of 10 km from incinerators and landfill sites that are contaminated with consumer products containing NORMs.

scholarly journals Concentrations of TENORMs in the petroleum industry and their environmental and health effects

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (67) ◽  
pp. 39201-39229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen M. M. Ali ◽  
Hongtao Zhao ◽  
Zhongyu Li ◽  
Najeeb N. M. Maglas
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Environmental And Health Effects ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials

Crude oil and its products and wastes are among the significant sources of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs).

scholarly journals Radiological Dose Assessment to Members of the Public Using Consumer Products Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7337
Author(s):  
Soja Reuben Joseph ◽  
Juyoul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Dose Limit ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
The Public ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials

Various products containing a small number of added radionuclides are commonly available for use worldwide. However, frequent use of such products puts the public at risk of radiation exposure. In this study, dose assessments to members of the public using consumer products containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) were conducted for various usage scenarios to evaluate the external and internal exposure dose. Data for this study were obtained from previous literature and were statistically analyzed using Boxplot to determine the input data for assessment. A normalized value of activity concentration was used for dose evaluation. In addition to other external and internal dose calculation codes, analytical calculations were used to perform age-dependent. Based on analytical calculations, the highest total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) received from necklace products at the upper whiskers with an activity concentration of 4.21 Bq/g for 238U, 24.4 Bq/g for 232Th, and 0.55 Bq/g for 40K for various age groups is 2.03 mSv/y for 1 year old, 1.24 mSv/y for 10 years old and 1.11 mSv/y for adult, which are above the international commission for radiation protection (ICRP) recommended public dose limit of 1 mSv/y. Results of external and internal exposure dose obtained using Microshield code, IMBA code and Visual Monte Carlo (VMC) code are all below the recommended public dose limit of 1 mSv/y.

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