Propane Dehydrogenation Technology; A Viable Alternative to Meet Nigeria's Growing Propylene Demand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Ichado
Keyword(s):  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
West African ◽  
Propane Dehydrogenation ◽  
Market Size ◽  
The West ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Import And Export ◽  
Propylene Production

Abstract Global propylene demand increases year on year, conventional sources of propylene production like steam crackers, refinery fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) are unable to meet global demand for propylene and this has necessitated the use of "On-Purpose" sources for propylene production like propane dehydrogenation (PDH). The PDH and its impact in the propylene mix of the Nigerian petrochemical industry is what this work is centered on. The need for PDH technology in Nigeria stems from the reality that, Nigeria currently has no refinery with operational fluid catalytic cracker nor sufficient steam crackers to meet an estimated propylene demand gap of about 140 KTA (2016/2017) despite propylene production from a major player in Nigeria (at present, demand gap is expected to be more). This work involves analysis of Nigeria's petrochemical import and export, petrochemical market size, exposition to the PDH trendand technology focusing on UOP Oleflex technology (chemistry and operation/process flow) and how this technology can help close the current propylene demand gap in Nigeria especially as Nigeria enters its decade of gas. Petrochemical companies in Asia have been able to use this PDH technology to manufacture propylene thereby significantly closing the propylene demand gap, constructing the most PDH plants in the last 5 years in the process. This also can be replicated in Nigeria and aid in closing propylene demand gap, and with surplus, begin to export propylene to the West African market to generate revenue, improving GDP.

Stable and selective catalysts for propane dehydrogenation operating at thermodynamic limit

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 373 (6551) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Ali Hussain Motagamwala ◽  
Rawan Almallahi ◽  
James Wortman ◽  
Valentina Omoze Igenegbai ◽  
Suljo Linic
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Phase ◽  
Propane Dehydrogenation ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Supported Platinum ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Propylene Conversion ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Propylene Production ◽  
Atomic Mixing ◽  
Excellent Stability

Intentional (“on-purpose”) propylene production through nonoxidative propane dehydrogenation (PDH) holds great promise for meeting the increasing global demand for propylene. For stable performance, traditional alumina-supported platinum-based catalysts require excess tin and feed dilution with hydrogen; however, this reduces per-pass propylene conversion and thus lowers catalyst productivity. We report that silica-supported platinum-tin (Pt1Sn1) nanoparticles (<2 nanometers in diameter) can operate as a PDH catalyst at thermodynamically limited conversion levels, with excellent stability and selectivity to propylene (>99%). Atomic mixing of Pt and Sn in the precursor is preserved upon reduction and during catalytic operation. The benign interaction of these nanoparticles with the silicon dioxide support does not lead to Pt-Sn segregation and formation of a tin oxide phase that can occur over traditional catalyst supports.

The Puzzling Paradox Presented within the African Supranational Judicial Institutions: The ECOWAS Court of Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 86-109
Author(s):  
Kehinde Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
West African ◽  
African Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Will ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
West African Region

The judgments of the ECOWAS Court, which are final and immediately binding, are vital for the realisation of ECOWAS aims and objectives. The enforcement of its judgments is particularly important in the case of individuals whose enjoyment of fundamental human rights, as guaranteed under the ECOWAS Community laws, is dependent on effective enforcement. Yet, an existential puzzling paradox emanates through a poor record in the implementation of the ECOWAS Court's judgments. This problem, which is not limited to the West African region deserves scrutiny and concrete proposals. Legal and political considerations surface in assessing the existence of this paradox, and despite the lack of a consistent political will, to implement the decisions of ECOWAS Court relevant judicial actors have roles to play. National courts could take a bolder approach in complementing the work of the ECOWAS Court. The ECOWAS Court itself could put in place concrete mechanisms and adopt certain practices to address this poor record of non-implementation. It is yet to be seen how substantive mechanisms would work in practice.

Development and Operation of Ebola Diagnostic Laboratories Led By Public Health England in Sierra Leone during the West African Ebola Outbreak 2013-2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bailey ◽  
Jane Shallcross ◽  
Christopher H. Logue ◽  
Simon A. Weller ◽  
Liz Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
The West

Cryptic Lineages of Nigerian Agama (Squamata: Agamidae) within the West African Radiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotanna M. Nneji ◽  
Adeniyi C. Adeola ◽  
Fang Yan ◽  
Agboola O. Okeyoyin ◽  
Ojo C. Oladipo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The West

Some Grievances of the West African Medical Staff

BMJ ◽  
1904 ◽  
Vol 1 (2257) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
G. R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
West African ◽  
The West

ChemInform Abstract: COLORING MATTERS OF THE WEST AFRICAN RED WOODS PTEROCARPUS OSUN AND P. SOYAUXII. STRUCTURES OF SANTARUBINS A AND B

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ARNONE ◽  
L. CAMARDA ◽  
L. MERLINI ◽  
G. NASINI ◽  
D. A. H. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The West

scholarly journals Mpambu Nzila: José Bedia at the Crossroads

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Alan West-Durán
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
Way Of Knowing ◽  
Spiritual Embodiment ◽  
Looking Back

The article draws on the Kongo term mpambu nzila of crossroads, that equally signifies altar, to discuss the paintings and drawings of Cuban-born artist José Bedia. He is a practitioner of Palo Briyumba, a syncretic Afro-Cuban religion that combines Kongo religious beliefs, Regla de Ocha, Spiritism, and Catholicism. The article examines six works by the artist from 1984 to 1999 and how Bedia represents Palo in his art. Additionally, the centrality of the nganga (a cauldron that paleros use to work for and protect them) is discussed historically, philosophically, and religiously as a physical and spiritual embodiment of the crossroads. Bedia’s work is also analyzed using the Sankofa bird as metaphor (of flying forward and looking back) and as an example of the West African notion of coolness. The article also examines Palo as a de-colonial way of knowing and ends with the crossroads through the example of Lucero Mundo (Elegguá).

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